JEE VP AIR (2025-26) Chemistry

PRACTICE SHEET
[Solutions]

JEE MAIN
(2) B is more concentrated than A
[Concentration terms] (3) Concentration of A = concentration of B
1. How much Ca ( NO3 )2 , in mg, must be present in (4) It is not possible to compare the concentration

50 ml of a solution with 2.35 ppm of Ca? 7. All of the water in a 0.20 M solution of NaCl was
(1) 0.1175 (2) 770.8 evaporated and a 0.150 mol of NaCl was obtained.
(3) 4.7 (4) 0.48 What was the original volume of the sample ?
(1) 30 mL (2) 333 mL
2. What volume of 0.8M − AlCl3 solution should be (3) 750 mL (4) 1000 mL
mixed with 50 ml of 0.2M − CaCl2 solution to get
a solution of chloride ion concentration equal to 0.6 8. A 20.0 mL sample of CuSO4 solution was
M? evaporated to dryness, leaving 0.967 g of residue.
(1) 5.56 ml (2) 100 ml What was the molarity of the original solution ?
(3) 50 ml (4) 4.89 ml (Cu = 63.5)
(1) 48.4 M
3. An aqueous solution has urea and glucose in mass (2) 0.0207 M
ratio 3 :1 . If the mass ratio of water and glucose in (3) 0.0484 M
the solution is 10 :1 , then the mole fraction of (4) 0.303 M
glucose in the solution is
1 9 9. Calculate molarity of final solution obtained by
(1) (2) mixing HNO3 solutions I and II.
110 110
3 100
(3) (4)
110 110

4. 120 g of urea is present in solution which is 1 M. If

density of solution is 2 g/mL, the molality of
solution is (approx.) [Henry's law and basics of vapour pressure]
(1) 0.52 m (2) 0.052 m 10. Which of the following statement is correct
(3) 0.26 m (4) 0.026 m regarding the solubility of gas in water?
(1) Solubility increases with increase in
5. A solution is prepared by dissolving urea in water. temperature.
If mole fraction of water in the solution is 0.8, find (2) A more polar gas will be less soluble
the ratio of mass of urea to that of water. (3) Solubility increases with increase in pressure
5 9 (4) Solubility is always an endothermic process
(1) (2)
6 110
3 100 11. Henry’s law constant of oxygen is 1.4 × 10–3 mol
(3) (4)
110 110 L–1 atm–1 at 298 K. How much of oxygen is
dissolved in 100 mL at 298 K when the partial
6. Two bottles of A and B contains 1 M and 1 m pressure of oxygen is 0.5 atm ?
aqueous solution of sulphuric acid respectively (1) 1.4 g (2) 3.2 g
(1) A is more concentrated than B (3) 22.4 mg (4) 2.24 mg
1
12. The vapour pressure of water at 300 K in a closed 16. The pressure of a moist gas at 27°C is 4 atm. The
container is 0.4 atm. If the volume of the container is volume of the container is doubled at the same
doubled, then its vapour pressure at 300 K will be temperature. The new pressure of the moist gas is
(1) 0.8 atm (2) 0.2 atm _______ × 10–1 atm. (Nearest integer)
(3) 0.4 atm (4) 0.6 atm (Given: The vapour pressure of water at 27°C is 0.4
atm)
13. The vapour pressure of water at 20°C is 17.54
mmHg. What will be the vapour pressure of the 17. 8 ×10−x moles of gas A is dissolved in 36 mL of
water in the apparatus shown after the piston is water when pressure of gaseous mixture above
lowered, decreasing the volume of the gas above water is 4 atm. Mole percentage of gas A in mixture
the liquid to one half of its initial volume (assume is 25. Henry’s constant for gas A in water is 2.5
temperature constant).] × 103 atm. Find x.

18. The Henry’s law constant for the solubility of N2

gas in water at 298 K is 1 × 105 atm. The mole
fraction of N2 air is 0.8. The number of mole of N2
(1) 8.77 mmHg dissolved in 10 mole of water at 298 K and 5atm.
(2) 17.54 mmHg are x × 10–4. Find the value of x.
(3) 35.08 mmHg
(4) between 8.77 and 17.54 mmHg [vapour pressure of mixture of liquids]
19. Which of the following behaviour is true about the
14. The lowest concentration of oxygen that can ideal binary liquid solution of liquids ‘A’ and ‘B’, if
support aquatic life is about 1.3 × 10−4mol / L. The PAo < PBo ?
partial pressure of oxygen is 0.21 atm at sea level.
(1) Plot of Ptotal vs XA is non-linear.
What is the lowest partial pressure of oxygen that
(2) Plot of Ptotal vs XB is linear with +ve slope.
can support life? (Henry’s constant, kH(O2) = 1.3 ×
(3) Plot of Ptotal vs XB is linear with slope = 0.
10–3 mol / L. atm)
(4) Plot of Ptotal vs XB is linear with −ve slope.
(1) 0.02 atm (2) 0.10 atm
(3) 1.0 atm (4) 10 atm
20. The vapour pressure of a solution of two liquids, A
(Po = 80 mm, X = 0.4) and B (Po = 120 mm, X = 0.6)
is found to be 100 mm. It shows that the solution
15. Which of the following curves represents the
exhibits
Henry’s law ?
(1) negative deviation from ideal behaviour.
(2) positive deviation from ideal behaviour.
(3) ideal behaviour.
(1)
(4) positive deviation at lower concentration

21. For a binary ideal solution of two volatile liquids A

and B (assuming B is more volatile), which one of
(2) the following may be observed during the mixing
of these two liquids A and B (here symbols hold
their usual meaning)?
(1) Ptotal < PA0
(3) (2) Mole fraction of B in vapour phase will
increase with increase in xB
(3) PB decreases with increase in xB
(4) PA increases with increase in xB
(4)

2
22. Some entropy changes are represented in figure. 27. The mole fraction of toluene in vapour phase which
Select the correct increasing order of entropy is in equilibrium with a solution of benzene and
change. toluene having a mole fraction of toluene 0.500 is:
(vapour pressure of pure benzene and pure toluene
are 119 torr and 37.0 torr respectively at the same
temperature).
(1) 0.5 (2) 0.763
Select the correct choice. (3) 0.237 (4) 1
(1) ∆S1 < ∆S2 > ∆S3
(2) ∆S2 < ∆S3 > ∆S4 28. Mole fraction of A vapours above the solution in
(3) ∆S1 < ∆S2 < ∆S3 < ∆S4 mixture of A and B (XA= 0.4) will be
(4) ∆S2 > ∆S4 [Given: PA° = 100 mm Hg and PB° = 200 mm Hg]
(1) 0.4 (2) 0.8
23. Total vapour pressure of mixture of 1 mole of (3) 0.25 (4) None of these
volatile component A ( p°A = 100 mm Hg) and 3 29. A mixture contains 1 mole of volatile liquid
moles of volatile component B( p°B = 60 mmHg) is A ( PA° = 100 mm Hg) and 3 moles of volatile
75 mm. For such case correct statement is:
liquid B ( PB° = 80 mm Hg). If solution behaves
(A) there is positive deviation from Raoult’s law
(B) boiling point has been lowered ideally, the total vapour pressure of the distillate is
(C) force of attraction between A and B is smaller (1) 85 mm Hg
than that between A and A or between B only B (2) 85.88 mm Hg
(1) only (A) (2) only (B) (3) 90 mm Hg
(3) (A) and (B) (4) (A), (B) and (C)
(4) 92 mm Hg
24. 2 moles of benzene were mixed with 3 moles of
toluene to prepare a nearly ideal solution. The 30. For an ideal binary liquid solution with PA0 > PB0 ,
vapour pressure of first distillate would be- which relation between XA (mole fraction of A in
o o liquid phase) and YA (mole fraction of A in vapour
[ PBenzene
= 300 torr, PToluene
= 250 torr at that
temperature.] phase) is correct? (XB & YB are the mole fractions
(1) 275 torr (2) 290 torr of B in liquid and vapour phase respectively)
(3) 272.2 torr (4) 280.2 torr YA χ A
(1) < (2) χA > χB
YB χ B
25. Raoult’s law becomes a special case of Henry’s law YA χ A
in which KH (Henry’s constant) is equal to: (3) YA < YB (4) >
YB χ B
(1) mole fraction of solvent
(2) vapour pressure of solution
(3) vapour pressure of solvent 31. 1 mole benzene ( p0benzene = 42mm ) and 2 mole
(4) mole fraction of solute and solvent toluene ( p0toluene = 36mm ) will have:
(1) total vapour pressure 40 mm
26. A binary solution of n-hexane and n-heptane is an
(2) mole fraction of vapours of benzene above
example of :
(1) Solution having observed vapour pressure 7
liquid mixture is
equal to calculated vapour pressure 19
(2) Non ideal solution having observed vapoure (3) mole fraction of vapours of benzene above
pressure lower than calculated vapour 1
liquid mixture is
pressure 3
(3) Non ideal solution having observed vapour (4) mole fraction of vapours of toluene above
pressure higher than calculated vapour 8
pressure liquid mixture is
19
(4) Unpredictable/behaviour
3
32. A sample of air is saturated with benzene (vapor (3) distillation under reduced pressure.
pressure = 100 mm Hg at 298 K) at 298K, 750mm (4) chemical means.
Hg pressure. If it is isothermally compressed to one
third of its initial volume, the final pressure of the 39. Pure water boils at 373 K and nitric acid at 359 K.
system is The azeotropic mixture of water and nitric acid
(1) 2250 torr (2) 2150 torr boils at 393.5 K. On distillation of the azeotropic
(3) 2050 torr (4) 1950 torr mixture
(1) pure nitric acid will distil over first.
33. If two liquids A ( PA0 =100 torr) and B ( PB0 = 200 (2) pure water will distil over first.
torr) are completely immiscible with each other, (3) one of them will distil over with small amount
each one will behave independently of the other, of the other.
are present in a closed vessel. The total vapour (4) both of them will distil over in the same
pressure of the system will be: composition as they are in the mixture.
(1) less than 100 torr
(2) less than 200 torr 40. The system that forms maximum boiling azeotrope
is:
(3) between 100 to 200 torr
(1) carbon disulphide-acetone
(4) 300 torr (2) acetone-chloroform
(3) n-hexane-n-heptane
34. Mixture of volatile components A and B has total (4) ethanol-acetone
vapour pressure (in Torr) P = 265 −130XA, where
XA is mole fraction of A in mixture. Hence the 41. The azeotropic mixture of water (b.pt 100°C) and
value of p°A + p°B (in Torr) is: HCl (b.pt 85°C) boils at 108.5°C. When this
mixture is distilled, it is possible to obtain
35. When a liquid is immiscible with water was steam (1) Pure HCl
distilled at 95.2°C at a total pressure of 748torr, the (2) Pure Water
distillate contained 1.25g of the liquid per gram of (3) Pure water as well as HCl
water. The vapour pressure of water is 648 torr at (4) Neither HCl nor H2O in their pure states
95.2°C, what is the molar mass of liquid in g/mol.
(Nearest integer) 42. An azeotropic solution of two liquid has boiling
point lower than either when it:
36. At 25 C , the vapour pressure of methyl alcohol is (1) Shows a negative deviation from Raoult’s law
96.0 torr. What is the mole percentage of CH3OH (2) Shows no deviation from Raoult’s law
(3) Shows positive deviation from Raoult’s law
in a solution in which the (partial) vapor pressure
(4) Is saturated
of CH3OH is 23.0 torr at 25 C ?
43. Which property is shown by an ideal solution?
(1) It follows Raoult's law
[Difference between ideal and non ideal solution] (2) ΔH mix = 0
37. For which of the following pair, the heat of mixing,
(3) ΔVmix = 0
∆Hmix, is approximately zero?
(4) All of these
(1) CH3COCH3 + CHCl3
(2) CH3COOH + H2O
44. A liquid mixture boils without changing
(3) C2H5Cl + C2H5Br
composition is called:
(4) CH3COCH3 + C6H6
(1) Stable structure complex
(2) Binary liquid mixture
38. Azeotropic mixture of liquids can only be
(3) Zeotropic liquid mixture
separated by
(4) Azeotropic liquid mixture
(1) simple distillation.
(2) fractional distillation.
4
45. Azeotropic mixture are: (3) ∆Hsoln = ∆H1 + ∆H2 − ∆H3
(1) Constant temperature boiling mixtures (4) ∆Hsoln = ∆H1 − ∆H2 − ∆H3
(2) Those which boils at different temperatures
(3) Mixture of two solids 52. Water and chlorobenzene are immiscible liquids.
(4) None of the above Their mixture boils at 89oC under a reduced
pressure of 7.7 × 104 Pa. The vapour pressure of
46. A mixture of two completely miscible non-ideal pure water at 89oC is 7 × 104 Pa. Weight percent of
liquids which distil as such without change in its chlorobenzene in the distillate is:
composition at a constant temperature as though it (1) 50 (2) 60
were a pure liquid. This mixture is known as: (3) 78.3 (4) 38.46
(1) Binary liquid mixture
(2) Azeotropic mixture 53. Given P-x curve for a non-ideal liquid mixture
(3) Eutectic mixture (Fig.). Identify the correct T-x curve for the same
(4) Ideal mixture
mixture.

47. Which of the following liquid pairs shows a

positive deviation from Raoult’s law?
(1) Water-nitric acid
(2) Benzene-methanol
(3) Water-hydrochloric acid
(4) Acetone-chloroform

48. Which one of the following is non-ideal solution?

(1) Benzene + toluene (1) (2)
(2) n-hexane + n-heptane
(3) Ethyl bromide + ethyl iodide
(4) CCl4 + CHCl3

49. A non ideal solution was prepared by mixing 30ml

chloroform and 50ml acetone. The volume of (3) (4)
mixture will be:
(1) > 80 ml (2) < 80 ml
(3) = 80 ml (4) ≥ 80 ml

50. Which pair from the following will not form an 54. If vapour pressures of pure liquids ‘A’ & ‘B’ are
ideal solution? 300 and 800 torr respectively at 25°C. When these
(1) CCl4 + SiCl4 (2) H2O + C4H9OH two liquids are mixed at this temperature to form a
(3) C2H5Br + C2H5I (4) C6H14 + C7H16 solution in which mole percentage of ‘B’ is 92, then
the total vapour pressure is observed to be 0.95 atm.
51. Formation of a solution from two components can Which of the following is true for this solution.
be considered as: (1) ∆Vmix > 0 (2) ∆Hmix < 0
(i) Pure solvent → separated solvent molecules (3) ∆Vmix = 0 (4) ∆Hmix = 0
∆H1
(ii) Pure solute → separated solute molecules ∆H2 55. A ‘100 proof’ solution of ethanol in water consists
(iii) Separated solvent and solute molecules of 50.00 ml of C2H5OH(l) and 50.00 ml of H2O(l)
→ solution ∆H3 mixed at 15.56°C. The density of the solution is
Solution so formed will be ideal if: 0.9344 g/ml, that of pure H2O is 1.0000 g/ml and
(1) ∆Hsoln = ∆H3 − ∆H1 − ∆H2 that of pure C2H5OH is 0.7939 g/ml. Is the solution
(2) ∆Hsoln = ∆H1 + ∆H2 + ∆H3 ideal? Answer ‘1’, if the solution is ideal and
answer ‘2’, if the solution is non-ideal.
5
 [RLVP] 62. The molality of a solution containing a non-volatile
56. To an aqueous solution of Nal, increasing amounts solute if the vapour pressure is 2% below the
of solid HgI2 is added. The vapour pressure of the vapour pressure of pure water, will be:
solution: (1) 2.213 (2) 2.518
(1) decreases to a constant value (3) 1.133 (4) 1.891
(2) increases to a constant value
(3) increases first and then decreases 63. The vapour pressure of ether at 20°C is 442 mm.
(4) remains constant because HgI2 is sparingly When 7.2g of a solute is dissolved in 60g ether,
soluble in water vapour pressure is lowered by 32 units. If
molecular mass of ether is 74 then molecular mass
57. The vapour pressure of pure solvent is 0.8 mm of of solute is:
Hg at a particular temperature. On addition of a (1) 113.72 g/mole
non-volatile solute ‘A’ the vapour pressure of
(2) 150.35 g/mole
solution becomes 0.6 mm of Hg. The mole fraction
of component ‘A’ is: (3) 116.23 g/mole
(1) 0.25 (2) 0.75 (4) 190.26 g/mole
(3) 0.5 (4) 0.35
64. The vapour pressure of pure benzene at 25°C is
58. The exact mathematical expression of Raoult’s law 639.7 mm of Hg and the vapour pressure of a
is: solution of a solute in C6H6 at the same temperature
P 0 − Ps n P 0 − Ps N is 631.9 mm Hg. Molality of solution is:
(1) = (2) = (1) 0.079 mol/kg of solvent
P0 N P0 n
(2) 0.256 mol/kg of solvent
P 0 − Ps n P 0 − Ps
(3) = (4) = n×N (3) 0.158 mol/kg of solvent
Ps N P0
(4) 0.316 mol/kg of solvent

59. Which of the following aqueous solution will show 65. In the following aqueous solutions (a) 1 m sucrose,
maximum vapour pressure at 300 K? (b) 1 m potassium ferricyanide and (c) 1 m
(1) 1 M NaCl (2) 1 M CaCl2 potassium sulphate Maximum value of vapour
(3) 1 MAlCl3 (4) 1 M C12H22O11 pressure of solution is that of :
(1) a (2) b
60. The vapour pressure of a solution of a non-volatile (3) c (4) equal
electrolyte B in a solvent A is 95% of the vapour
pressure of the solvent at the same temperature. If 66. Find the percentage decrease in vapour pressure
the molecular weight of the solvent is 0.3 times the with respect to solution when saturated solution of
molecular weight of solute, the weight ratio of the Ag3PO 4 is prepared.
solvent and solute are
3
 3
(1) 0.15 Ksp ( Ag3PO 4 ) =   × 10−12.
(2) 5.7  16 
(3) 0.2 Divide the answer by 10–4?
(4) 4.0
67. Two liquids A and B form an ideal solution.
61. The vapour pressure of a solvent decreased by 10 Vapour pressure of a solution formed by mixing 1
mm of Hg when a non- volatile solute was added to mol of A and 3 moles of B is 550 mm Hg at 300 K.
the solvent. The mole fraction of solute in solution On addition of 1 mole of B to this solution vapour
is 0.2, what would be mole fraction of the solvent pressure increases by 10 mm Hg. If PAo and PBo
if decrease in vapour pressure is 20 mm of Hg
represent the vapour pressure (in mm Hg) of pure
(1) 0.2
A and B respectively at 300 K then the value of
(2) 0.4
| PBo – PAo |
(3) 0.6 is ______ mm Hg.
(4) 0.8 10
6
68. If 2.3 g of a non-volatile solute (M.W = 92) is 74. Which of the following aqueous solution will have
mixed with 39 g of benzene (M.W. = 78), the the lowest freezing point?
percentage relative lowering in vapour pressure (1) 0.10 m-sucrose (2) 0.10 m-NiCl2
is________. (nearest integer) (3) 0.10 m-CuSO4 (4) 0.10 m-NH4NO3

75. The normal freezing point of nitrobenzene is

69. What weight of glucose (in gm) dissolved in 100
278.82 K. A non-volatile solute is dissolved in it
grams of water will produce the same lowering of
and a solution of molality 0.25 m is prepared. If the
vapour pressure as one gram of urea dissolved in observed freezing point of the solution is 276.82 K,
50 grams of water, at the same temperature? the value for Kf of nitrobenzene is
(1) 6 K-kg mol−1 (2) 8 K-kg mol−1
−1
[Elevation in Boiling point and Depression in (3) 7 K-kg mol (4) 5 K-kg mol−1
freezing point]
76. When 20 g of naphthoic acid (C11H8O2) is dissolved
w
70. 20%   of compound-A in benzene has same in 50 g of benzene (Kf = 1.72 K kg mol-1), a freezing
w point depression of 2 K is observed. The van't Hoff
boiling point as 45%   of compound-B in same
w factor (i) is
w (1) 0.5 (2) 1
solvent. If molar mass of A is 20 g mol–1, then molar (3) 2 (4) 3
mass of B is (compound-A and B are non-
77. Given below are two statements labelled as
electrolyte statement-1 and statement-2
(1) 22.5 g mol–1 (2) 32.73 g mol–1 Statement-1: The boiling point of 0.1 m of urea
(3) 65.45 g mol–1 (4) 45.00 g mol–1 solution is less than that of 0.1 m of KCl solution.
Statement-2: Elevation of boiling point is directly
71. Pure benzene freezes at 5.3°C. A solution of 0.223 proportional to the number of species present in the
g of phenylacetic acid (C6H5CH2COOH) in 5.4gm solution and number of species increase due to
of benzene (Kf = 5.12kg mol–1) freezes at 4.47ºC. dissociation of KCl.
From the observation, one can conclude that In the light of above statements choose the most
(1) Phenylacetic acid exists as such in benzene appropriate answer from the options given below.
(2) Phenylacetic acid undergoes partial ionization (1) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and
in benzene statement-2 is correct explanation for
(3) Phenylacetic acid undergoes complete statement-1.
ionization in benzene (2) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and
(4) Phenylacetic acid dimerises in benzene statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for
statement-1.
72. 2g of a non-volatile non-electrolyte solute is (3) Statement-1 is true, statement- 2 is false.
(4) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
dissolved in 200 g of two different solvents A and
B whose ebullioscopic constants are in the ratio of 78. Consider the thermodynamic data with the solvents
1 : 8. The elevation in boiling points of A and B are listed below.
x Solvent Kb (K molal–1) B.Pt (K)
in the ratio (x : y). The value of y is_________
y CCl4 5.03 350
Benzene 2.53 353.3
(Nearest integer)
Ethanol 1.20 351.5
Equimolal solutions of a non-dissociative, non-
73. A solution containing 2.60 g of a non-volatile and associative and non-volatile solute are made with the
non-electrolyte solute in 200 g of water boils at solvents CCl4, benzene and ethanol and are labelled
100.130°C at 1 atm. What is the molar mass of the as I, II and III respectively. Which of the following is
solute? [Kb (H2O) = 0.52 K-kg/mol] correct?
(1) 52.0 g mol−1 (2) 152.0 g mol−1 (1) Boiling point of II will always be the greatest
−1
(3) 104 g mol (4) 204 g mol−1 (2) Boiling point of III will always be the lowest
(3) Boiling point of I will always be greater than II
(4) Boiling point of II will always be greater than III
7
79. Depression in freezing point of which of the 85. Select correct statement(s):
following solutions does represent the cryoscopic (I) When solid CaCl2 is added to liquid water, the
constant of water? boiling temperature rises
(1) 6 % by mass of urea in aqueous solution (II) When solid CaCl2 is added to ice at 0°C, the
(2) 100 g of aqueous solution containing 18 g of freezing temperature falls
glucose (1) Both statement are true
(3) 1 M KCl solution in water (2) Both statement are false
(4) 59 g of aqueous solution containing 9 g of (3) Statement-I is true and statement II is false
glucose (4) Statement-I is false and statement-II is true

80. 1 M glucose solution has a freezing point of – 86. What is the normal freezing point of the solution
1.86°C. If 10 ml of 1 M glucose is mixed with 30 represented by the phase diagram?
ml of 3 M glucose, then the resultant solution will
have a freezing point of:
(1) –2.79°C (2) –4.65°C
(3) –6.36°C (4) –7.44°C

81. 5 g each of two solutes X and Y (mol. wt of X > Y)

are dissolved in 100 g each of same solvent.
(1) Solution of Y shows greater elevation of (1) T1 (2) T2
boiling point (3) T3 (4) T4
(2) Solution of X shows greater elevation of
boiling point 87. Pure benzene freezes at 5.45°C at a certain place
(3) Both solutions of X and Y boils at the same but a 0.374 m solution of tetrachloroethane in
temperature benzene freezes at 3.55°C. The Kf for benzene is:
(4) Solution of X freezes after freezing of solution Y (1) 5.08K kg mol–1
(2) 508K kg mol–1
82. The ratio of ∆Tf for K4[Fe(CN)6] solution (3) 0.508K kg mol–1
(assuming complete ionization) to ∆Tf of sugar (4) 50.8 C kg mol–1
solution of equal concentration is :
(1) 4 : 1 (2) 5 : 2 88. The melting points of most of the solid substance
increase with an increase of pressure acting on
(3) 5 : 1 (4) 4 : 15
them. However, ice melts at a temperature lower
than its usual melting point, when the pressure is
83. Maximum freezing point will be for 1 molal increased. This is because:
aqueous solution of which of the following solution (1) Ice is less dense than water
assuming equal ionisation in each case. (2) Pressure generate heat
(1) [Fe(H2O)6]Cl3 (3) The chemical bonds break under pressure
(2) [Fe(H2O)5Cl]Cl2 ⋅ H2O (4) Ice is not a true solid
(3) [Fe(H2O)4Cl2]Cl.2H2O
(4) [Fe(H2O)3Cl3].3H2O 89. The freezing point of equimolal aqueous solution
will be highest for :
84. Colligative properties have many practical uses, (1) C6H5NH3Cl (aniline hydrochloride)
some of them may be: (2) PbCl2
I : melting of snow by salt (3) K3[Fe(CN)6]
II : Desalination of sea water (4) C6H12O6 (glucose)
III : Determination of molar mass
IV : Determination of melting point and boiling 90. The amount of ice that will separate out on cooling
point of solvent a solution containing 50g of ethylene glycol in
Actual practical uses are: 200g water to −9.3°C is : (Kf = 1.86K molality–1)
(1) I, II (2) III, IV (1) 38.71 g (2) 183.87 g
(3) I, II, III (4) II, III, IV (3) 42 g (4) 42 mg
8
91. In winter, the normal temperature in Kullu valley (2) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and
was found to be −11°C. Is a 28% (by mass) aqueous statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for
solution of ethylene glycol suitable for a car statement-1.
radiator ? Kf for water = 1.86K kg mol–1. (3) Statement-1 is true, statement- 2 is false.
(1) Yes (4) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
(2) No
(3) can’t predict
(4) 18% (by mass) solution is also suitable 99. Statement-1 : Addition of ethylene glycol (non-
volatile) to water lowers the freezing point of water
92. Elevation in boiling point of an aqueous urea hence used as antifreeze.
solution is 0.52°C. (Kb = 0.52K-kg mol–1). Hence Statement-2 : Addition of any substance to water
mole fraction of urea in this solution is: lowers its freezing’s point of water.
(1) 0.982 (2) 0.0567 (1) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and
(3) 0.943 (4) 0.018 statement-2 is correct explanation for
statement-1.
93. The correct relationship between the boiling point (2) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and
of very dilute solution oif AlCl3 (T1K) and CaCl2 statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for
(T2K) having the same molar concentration is statement-1.
(1) T1 = T2 (2) T1 > T2 (3) Statement-1 is true, statement- 2 is false.
(3) T2 > T1 (4) T2 ≤ T1 (4) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.

94. A 0.001 molal solution of a complex MA8 in water 100. 1g of monobasic acid in 100g of water lowers the
has the freezing point of –0.0054°C. Assuming freezing point by 0.168°C. If 0.2g of same acid
100% ionization of the complex salt and Kf for H2O requires 15.1 mL of N/10 alkali for complete
= 1.86 km–1, write the correct representation for the neutralization, degree of dissociation of acid will
complex be: [Kf for H2O is 1.86K mol–1 kg]
(1) [MA8] (2) [MA7]A
(1) 16.8 % (2) 22.4 %
(3) [MA6]A2 (4) [MA5]A3
(3) 19.6 % (4) 26.2 %
95. Elevation of boiling point of 1 molar aqueous
101. When only a little quantity of HgCl2(s) is added to
glucose solution (density =1.2 g/ml) is
excess KI(aq) to obtain a clear solution, which of
(1) Kb (2) 1.20 Kb
the following is true for this solution? (no volume
(3) 1.02 Kb (4) 0.98 Kb
change on mixing).
The reaction is
96. What will be the molecular weight of CaCl2
determined in its aq. solution experimentally from 4KI(aq.) + HgCl2 → K 2 [ HgI 4 ] (aq.) + 2KCl(aq)
depression of freezing point? (1) Its boiling and freezing points remain same
(1) 111 (2) > 111 (2) Its boiling point is lowered
(3) < 111 (4) data insufficient (3) Its vapour pressure become lower
(4) Its boiling point is raised
97. 1.0 molal aqueous solution of an electrolyte A2B3
is 60% ionised. The boiling point of the solution at 102. x mole of KCI and y mole of BaCl2 are both
(
1 atm is K b(H2O) = 0.52K kg mol−1 ) dissolved in 1 kg of water. Given that x + y = 0.1
(1) 274.76 K (2) 377 K and Kf for water is 1.85 K/molal, what is the
(3) 376.4 K (4) 374.76 K observed range of ΔTf, if the ratio of x to y is varied
98. Statement-1 : The freezing of water is an (1) 0.37° to 0.555°
endothermic process. (2) 0.185° to 0.93°
Statement-2 : Heat must be removed from the (3) 0.56° to 0.93°
water to make it freeze. (4) 0.37° to 0.93°
(1) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and
statement-2 is correct explanation for
statement-1.
9
103. A quantity of 1.04 g of (CoCl3 · 6NH3) (molecular ionization of acid in 1 g HA/ 100 g water is
weight = 267) was dissolved in 100 g of H2O. The (Kf of H 2 O = 1.86 K kg mol−1 )
freezing point of the solution was − 0.29°C. How
many moles of solute particle exist in solution for
each mole of solute introduced? The value of Kf for 111. In aqueous solution of 1 × 10−3 molal Kx[Fe(CN)6]
water = 1.86ºC m−1. depression in freezing point is 7.2 × 10−3 K .
Determine the oxidation state of Fe in the complex.
104. The freezing point of an aqueous solution of KCN (Kf of H2O is1.8 K Kg/mole). (Assume that there is
containing 0.2 mole/kg water was −0.80°C. On 100% ionization of complex)
adding 0.1 mole of Hg(CN)2 in the solution
containing 1 kg of water, the freezing point of the 112. A 0.025 m solution of mono basic acid had a
solution was −0.6°C. Assuming that the complex is freezing point of −0.06°C. Ka for the acid at the
formed according to the following equation freezing point is y × 10−5. Find the value of y in
Hg(CN) 2 + m CN – → Hg(CN) m– m+2 nearest integer. [Kf for H2O = 1.86K Molality–1.
and Hg (CN)2 is the limiting reactant, the value of m is Assume molality equal to molarity.]

105. Freezing point of 0.1 molal aq. Solution of kx 113. The boiling point of a solution containing 0.60 g of
[Fe(CN)6] is – 0.744°C. The molal depression benzoic acid in 50 g of CS2() assuming 90%
constant of H2O is 1.86 K kg mol–1. If the salt association of the acid is X°C. (Nearest integer).
behaves on strong electrolyte in water, then what is The boiling point and Kb of CS2 are 46.2°C and
the value of "x"?
2.44K Kgmol−1 respectively.
106. The amount of NaCl that should be added to 600 g
[Osmosis and osmotic pressure]
of water (ρ = 1.00 g/mL) to decrease the freezing
114. Blood is isotonic with
point of water to –0.2°C is x g. Then 3x is______.
(1) 0.9% (w/v) – NaCl solution
[Nearest integer]
(2) 0.9 M – NaCl solution
(The freezing point depression constant for
(3) 0.9 m – NaCl solution
water = 2 K kg mol–1)
(4) 9.0% (w/v) – NaCl solution
[Consider 100% NaCl get dissociated in aqueous
solution]
115. The relationship between osmotic pressure at 273 K
when 10 g glucose (π1), 10 g urea (π2) and 10 g
107. The depression in freezing point (in K) of an aqueous
sucrose (π3) are dissolved in 250 ml of water, is
solution containing 20% w/w urea and 20% w/w
NaOH is ________K (Kf (H2O) = 1.8 K m–1). (1) π1 > π2 > π3 (2) π3 > π1 > π2
(3) π2 > π1 > π3 (4) π2 > π3 > π1
108. 12.2 g of benzoic acid (M. W. = 122) in 100 g
116. Aqueous solutions of 0.004 M-Na2SO4 and 0.01 M-
benzene has depression in freezing point 2.6 K;
Glucose are isotonic. The percentage dissociation of
K f =5.2 K kg / mole. If there is 100% Na2SO4 is
polymerization, the number of benzoic acid (1) 25% (2) 60%
molecules undergoing association to form an (3) 75% (4) 40%
associated particle is: 117. Insulin (C2H10O5)n is dissolved in a suitable solvent
and the osmotic pressure (π) of solutions of various
109. If the Van’t Hoff factor of K2SO4 in 0.1 molal concentrations C(in g/ cm3) is measured at 20°C.
solution with –0.45 °C freezing point is x. Then 4x The slope of a plot of π against C is found to be
is: 4.65 × 10–3. The molecular weight of the insulin is:
Take Kf = 1.8 kg K mol–1.
(1) 4.8 × 105 (2) 9 × 105
5
(3) 3 × 10 (4) 5.17 × 106
110. 1 g of monobasic acid HA in 100 g water lowers
the freezing point by 0.155 K. If 0.75 g of same
118. The best colligative property used for the
N determination of molecular masses of polymers is :
acid requires 25ml of NaOH solution for
5 (1) Relative lowering in vapour pressure
complete neutralization, then % degree of (2) Osmotic pressure
(3) Elevation of boiling point
(4) Depression in freezing point
10
119. A 5.8% (wt/vol.) NaCl solution will exert an be 105.3 mm. The extent of dilution (ratio of final to
osmotic pressure closest to which one of the initial volume of solution) is
following :
(1) 5.8% (wt./vol.) sucrose solution 125. The elevation in boiling point for 1 molal solution
(2) 5.8% (wt./vol) glucose solution of non-volatile solute A is 3K. The depression in
(3) 2 M sucrose solution freezing point for 2 molal solution of A in the same
(4) 1 M glucose solution solvent is 6 K. The ratio of Kb and Kf i.e., Kb/Kf is
1 : X. The value of X is [nearest integer]
120. If mercuric iodide is added to an aqueous solution
of KI, the: [Van't Hoff factor]
(1) freezing point increased 126. When 20 g of naphtholic acid (C11H8O2) is dissolved
(2) boiling point does not change in 50 g of benzene (Kf = 1.72 K kg mol−1), a freezing
(3) freezing point is lowered point depression of 2 K is observed. The van’t Hoff
(4) Osmotic pressure increased factor (i) is
(1) 0.5 (2) 1
121. FeCl3 on reaction with K4[Fe(CN)6] in aq. solution (3) 2 (4) 3
gives blue colour. These are separated by a
semipermeable membrane PQ as shown. Due to 127. For which of the following pairs of solution, value
osmosis there is- of Van’t Hoff factors are same? (Assume 100%
dissociation of electrolytes)
(1) 0.01 m Na4[Fe(CN)6] and 0.2 m K2SO4
(2) 0.2 m FeSO4 and 0.1 m K3[Fe(CN)6]
(3) 0.1 m CuSO4 and 0.2 m CaCl2
(4) 0.1 m Ca3(PO4)2 and 0.2 m Na4[Fe(CN)6]
(1) blue colour formation in side X
(2) blue colour formation in side Y 128. A complex containing K+, Pt (IV) and Cl− is 100%
(3) blue colour formation in both of the sides X ionized giving i = 3. The complex is :
and Y (1) K2[PtCl4]
(4) no blue colour formation (2) K2[PtCl5]
(3) K[PtCl3]
122. Two beakers, one containing 20 ml of a 0.05 M (4) K2[PtCl6]
aqueous solution of a non volatile, non electrolyte
and the other, the same volume of 0.03 M aqueous 129. List -I and List -II contains four entries each.
solution of NaCl, are placed side by side in a closed Entries of List-I are to be matched with some
enclosure. What are the volumes in the two beakers entries of List-II. One or more than one entries of
when equilibrium is attained ? Volume of the List-I may have the matching with the same entries
solution in the first and second beaker are of List-II.
respectively. List-I List-II
(1) 21.8 ml and 18.2 mL (a) AlCl3 if α = 0.8 (p) i = 3.4
(2) 18.2 mL and 21.8 mL (b) BaCl2 if α = 0.9 (q) i = 2.8
(3) 20 mL and 20 mL (c) Na3PO4 if α = 0.9 (r) i = 3.8
(4) 17.1 mL and 22.9 mL (d) K4[Fe(CN)6] if α = 0.7 (s) i = 3.7
(1) a-p, b-q, c-s, d-r
123. At 27°C, a solution containing 0.2 g of (2) a-q, b-p, c-s, d-r
polyisobutylene in 100 ml of benzene developed a (3) a-q, b-r, c-p, d-s
rise of 2.463 mm in osmotic equilibrium. The molar (4) a-r, b-s, c- q, d-p
mass of polyisobutylene (in 105 g/mol) is
(Given: The density of final solution is 1.013 g/ml, g 130. The van’t Hoff factor i for a compound which
= 10 m/s2, R = 0.0821 L-atm/K-mol) (Nearest Integer) undergoes dissociation in one solvent and
association in other solvent is respectively :
124. At 10°C, the osmotic pressure of urea solution is 500 (1) Greater than one and greater than one
mm. The solution is diluted and the temperature is (2) Less than one and greater than one
raised to 25°C, when the osmotic pressure is found to (3) Less than one and less than one
(4) Greater than one and less than one
11
131. The Van’t Hoff factor for a dilute aqueous solution 133. The ratio of van’t Hoff factor, if PBr5 and PCl5 are
of glucose is assumed to be soluble in water and remains same
(1) Zero (2) 1.0 as in solid state, is
(3) 1.5 (4) 2.0 (1) 2 (2) 1
(3) 1.5 (4) 2.5
132. Assuming each salt to be 90% dissociated, which
of the following will have highest boiling point? 134. Barium ions, CN¯ and Co2+ form an ionic complex.
(1) Decimolar Al2(SO4)3 If that complex is supposed to be 75% ionised in
(2) Decimolar BaCl2 water with vant Hoff factor ‘i’ equal to four, then
(3) Decimolar Na2SO4 the coordination number of Co2+ in the complex can
(4) A solution obtained by mixing equal volumes be:
of (B) and (C) (1) Six (2) Five
(2) Four (4) Six and Four both

JEE ADVANCED
[Concentration terms] (B) The value of KH increases with increase in
1. We have 100 mL of 0.1 M KCl solution. To make temperature.
it 0.2 M, (C) Henry's law is not applicable for HCl(g).
(A) evaporate 50 mL water (D) Henry's law is applicable when the solubility
(B) evaporate 50 mL solution of gas is very low.
(C) add 0.1 mol KCl
(D) add 0.01 mol KCl 5. The vapour pressure of a certain liquid is given by
the equation:
313.7
2. The concentration of same aqueous solution of log10 P= 3.54595 + + 1.40655log10 T
glucose is determined by two students—Sawan and T
Gautam. Sawan reported the concentration as 20% where P is the vapour pressure in mm and T is
(w/w) and Gautam reported the concentration as temperature in K. Determine the value of molar
latent heat of vaporisation in kcal at 80 K.
25% (w/v). If both the concentrations are correct,
then the density of solution is
(A) 0.8 g/ml (B) 1.0 g/ml [Vapour pressure of mixture of liquids]
(C) 1.25 g/ml (D) 1.33 g/ml 6. At 323 K, the vapour pressure (in mm Hg) of a
methanol−ethanol solution is represented as
P = 120X + 140, where X is the mole fraction of
3. The expression relating mole fraction of solute (x2)
methanol in liquid solution at equilibrium. The value
and molarity (M) of the solution is 0
M1 of PEtOH is
(A) x2 =
M ( M1 − M 2 ) + ρ (A) 120 mm
(B) 140 mm
M1 (C) 260 mm
(B) x2 =
M ( M1 − M 2 ) − ρ (D) 20 mm
M ( M1 − M 2 ) + ρ
(C) x2 = 7. Liquids A and B form an ideal solution. A certain
MM1 solution of A and B contains 25 mole percent of A,
M ( M1 − M 2 ) − ρ whereas the vapours in the equilibrium with the
(D) x2 =
MM1 solution at 298 K contains 50 mole percent of A. The
ratio of vapour pressures of pure A to that of pure B
at 298 K, is
[Henry's law and basics of vapour pressure] (A) 1 : 1
4. The only incorrect statement regarding Henry's law (B) 3 : 1
for a gas dissolving in water is (C) 1 : 3
(A) The value of KH (Henry's constant) is greater (D) 2 : 1
for O2 than H2 at same temperature.
12
8. The plot of 1/xA versus 1/yA (where xA and yA are the following is/are possible value(s) of vapour
mole fractions of A in a binary liquid and vapour pressure of binary or ternary solutions having
phases, respectively) is linear with slope and equimolar amounts of these liquids? Assume ideal
intercept respectively, as behaviour for all possible solutions.
(A) 53.5 torr (B) 35.67 torr
p*A (p*A − p*B )
(A) , (C) 48.5 torr (D) 16 torr
p*B p*B
p*A (p*B − p*A ) 13. As a gas (insoluble in liquid) is bubbled through a
(B) , liquid, part of the liquid vaporises and these
p*B p*B vapours are carried of with the gas. As a sample of
p*B (p*A − p*B ) dry nitrogen gas is bubbled through a liquid, it is
(C) * , found that under identical conditions of
pA p*B
temperature and pressure, a definite volume of wet
p*B (p*B − p*A ) nitrogen gas weights more than the equal volume
(D) ,
p*A p*B of dry nitrogen gas. Hence, the liquid through
which dry nitrogen gas was passed, may be:
(A) Water (B) Benzene
9. The vapour pressure of pure liquid is 70 torr at (C) CCl4 (D) heavy water
27 °C. The vapour pressure of a solution of this
liquid and another liquid (mole fraction 0.2) is 84 Paragraph Questions (14 to 15)
torr at 27 °C. The vapour pressure of pure liquid B An ideal solution is prepared from A and B (both are
at 27 °C is volatile). The composition of the solution is such that the
(A) 140 Torr (B) 280 Torr total vapour pressure is harmonic mean of vapour
(C) 160 Torr (D) 200 Torr
( ) ( )
pressures of pure A PAo and pure B PBo .  PAo ≠ PBo  If
 
10. Liquids P and Q form an ideal solution. The vapour x A , xB represents mole fraction of A and B in solution
pressures of pure liquids P and Q at 80°C are 300 respectively and y A , yB represents mole fraction of A
mm and 100 mm of Hg, respectively. Suppose that and B in vapour phase, then answer the following
the vapour above a solution composed of 1.0 mole questions.
of P and 1.0 mole of Q at 80°C is collected and
condensed. This condensate is then heated to 80°C 14. The value of x A is
and vapour is again condensed to form a liquid R. (A) 1 − y A (B) 1 − y B
What is the mole fraction of P in liquid R?
(A) 0.50 PAo PBo
(C) (D)
(B) 0.75 PAo + PB0 PAo + PBo
(C) 0.90
(D) 0.10 15. The value of y A is equal to:
(A) x A (B) xB
11. The total vapour pressure of a binary solution is
1
given by (C) (D) zero
P = (100 XA + 260 XB) mm Hg 2
where, XA and XB are the mole fractions of Paragraph Questions (16 to 18)
components A and B. This indicates that the The vapour pressures of two pure liquids A and B which
(A) vapour pressure of solution is less than the form an ideal solution are 300 and 800 Torr, respectively,
pure B component at temperature T. A liquid solution of A and B for which
(B) vapour pressure of solution is more than that the mole fraction of A is 0.60 is contained in a cylinder
of pure A component closed by a piston on which the pressure can be varied.
(C) vapour pressure of pure A is 100 mm Hg and The solution is slowly vaporized at temperature T by
that of pure B is 260 mm Hg decreasing the applied pressure, starting with a pressure
(D) the vapour pressure of pure A and B are 260 of about 1 atm. Based on this information, answer the
mm Hg and 100 mm Hg respectively following three questions

12. The vapour pressures of pure liquids A, B and C

are 75, 22 and 10 torr, respectively. Which of the
13
16. The composition of the first bubble of vapour will the correct statements, if ‘A’ is more volatile.
be (Molar masses: A = 100, B = 50).
(A) y A = 0.36 (B) y A = 0.64 (A) A liquid solution of ‘A’ and ‘B’ having mass
(C) y A = 0.46 (D) y A = 0.54 96 of A = 50 will have vapours having mass
% of A = 50.
(B) A liquid solution of ‘A’ and ‘B’ having mass
17. The composition of the last droplet of liquid will be
96 of A > 50 will have vapours having mass
(A) x A = 0.40 (B) x A = 0.60
% of A > 50.
(C) x A = 0.80 (D) x A = 0.90 (C) A mixture of ‘A’ and ‘B’ in the molar ratio 1:3
can be separated into azeotropic mixture and
18. The pressure of the vapour when the last droplet of pure ’A’.
liquid remains will be (D) A mixture of ‘A’ and ‘B’ in the molar ratio 2:3
(A) 300 Torr (B) 400 Torr can be separated into azeotropic mixture and
(C) 500 Torr (D) 600 Torr pure ’A’.

[Difference between ideal and non ideal solution] 22. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
19. Boiling point composition diagram of the liquid- (A) Minimum boiling azeotropic mixture boils at
vapour equilibrium for A and B is shown in the temperature lower than either of the two pure
figure. If a binary liquid mixture of A and B is components.
distilled fractionally, which of the following would (B) Maximum boiling azeotropic mixture boils at
be correct observation? temperature higher than either of the two pure
components.
(C) Minimum boiling azeotropic mixture shows
(+) ve deviation.
(D) Maximum boiling azeotropic mixture shows
(–) ve deviation.

(A) Composition of the still (residue) will 23. In which of the following liquid pair, there is
approach pure liquid B contraction in volume on mixing?
(B) Composition of the distillate will approach (A) C6 H14 + C6 H 6 (B) H 2 O + HCl
pure A
(C) H 2 O + HNO3 (D) H 2 O + C2 H5OH
(C) Composition of distillate and residue will
approach pure B and A respectively
(D) Neither of the component can be obtained in 24. Two liquids ‘A’ and ‘B’ form a solution which
pure state shows significant positive deviation from Raoult’s
law. The normal boiling point of pure liquid ‘A’ is
20. A graph is plotted with temperature of a solution higher than that of ‘B’. Which of the following
containing benzene and toluene as a function of information(s)related with the solution must be
mole fraction. Choose the correct options incorrect?
(A) Normal boiling point of the solution of any
composition will always be less than that of
‘A’.
(B) Azeotropic mixture of ‘A’ and ‘B’ will have
normal boiling point lower than that of ‘B’.
(C) If a small amount of liquid ‘B’ is added in the
liquid solution, the normal boiling point of
(A) a → b represents evaporation
solution will always decrease.
(B) b → c represents condensation
(D) On distillation of the solution at constant
(C) c → d represents evaporation
pressure of 1 atm, the distillate will have pure
(D) c → d represents condensation
liquid ‘Y’ and the residual liquid will be pure
liquid ‘X’.
21. A mixture of liquids ‘A’ and ‘B’ in the molar ratio
1:2 forms a maximum boiling azeotrope. Identify
14
25. For solution of ethanol and water at room [RLVP]
temperature the correct option is/are: 29. How many grams of glucose (C6H12O6) should be
(A) ΔG is zero dissolved in 0.5 kg of water at 25°C to reduce the
(B) ∆Ssystem is + ve vapour pressure of the water by 1.0%?
(A) 50.5 g (B) 50.0 g
(C) ∆Ssurrounding is − ve (C) 18.0 g (D) 18.2 g
(D) ΔH is zero
30. The vapour pressure of pure liquid A is 10 torr and
at the same temperature when 1 g of B solid is
26. Match list-I with list-I dissolved in 20 g of A, its vapour pressure is
pA = partial pressure of component A in liquid reduced to 9.0 torr. If the molecular mass of A is
mixture, PAo = vapour pressure of pure A, χA = 200 amu, then the molecular mass of B is
(A) 100 amu (B) 90 amu
mole fraction of A in liquid mixture (C) 78 amu (D) 120 amu
List-I List-II
I C2H5OH + H2O P Azeotropic mixture 31. Dry air was passed successively through a solution
II C2H5Br + Q Obeys Raoult's law of 5 g of a solute in 180 g of water and then through
C2H5I pure water. The loss in weight of solution was 2.50
III PA = χA PAo R Non-ideal solution g and that of pure solvent 0.04 g. The molecular
with positive weight of the solute is
deviation (A) 31.25 (B) 3.125
IV H2O + H2SO4 S Non-ideal solution (C) 312.5 (D) None of these
with negative
deviation 32. An amount of 1 mole of a non-volatile solid is
T Ideal solution dissolved in 200 moles of water. The solution is
cooled to a temperature ‘T’ K (lower than the
I II III IV
freezing point of the solution) to cause ice
(A) P, S P, R Q,T P, R formation. After the removal of ice, the remaining
(B) Q, T P, S P, R Q, T solution is heated to 373 K, where the vapour
(C) P, R Q, T Q,T P, S pressure of solution is observed to be 740 mm Hg.
(D) Q, T P, R Q, T Q, T Identify the correct information(s) from the
following (Kf of water = 2.0 K-kg/mol).
27. Out of the following pairs of volatile solvents how (A) 163 moles of ice is formed at T K.
many form azeotropic mixture?  2000 
(B)= T  273 − K
A B  37 × 18 
i. CCl4 + CHCl3 (C) Freezing point of the original solution is
ii. C6H14 + C7H16 10
iii. CH3Br + CH3Cl − °C.
18
iv. C6H5Cl + C6H5Br (D) Relative lowering of vapour pressure of the final
v. C2H5OH + CH3COCH3
1
vi. CHCl3 + CH3COCH3 solution is .
vii. C6H6 + C6H5CH3 38
viii. CH3CH2OH + C6H12
iv. o–Nitrophenol + C6H5CH3 33. Consider 0.1 m aqueous solutions of two solutes X
x. HNO3 + CHCl3 and Y. The solute X behaves as a univalent
electrolyte, while the solute Y dimerizes in
28. Liquids A and B from ideal solution over the entire solution. Which of the following statements) is/ are
range of composition. At temperature T, equimolar correct regarding these solutions?
binary solution of liquids A and B has vapour (A) The boiling point of the solution of X will be
pressure 45 Torr. At the same temperature, a new higher them that of Y.
solution of A and B having mole fractions xA and (B) The osmotic pressure of the solution of X will
xB, respectively, has vapour pressure of 22.5 Torr. be higher than that of Y.
value of xA/xB in the new solution is _____. (C) The freezing point of the solution of X will be
(Given that the vapour pressure of pure liquid A is higher than that of Y.
20 Torr at temperature T) (D) The relative lowering of vapour pressure of
both the solution will be the same.

15
34. Match list I containing magnitude of observed XY2 (s)  X 2+ (aq) + 2Y − (aq)
colligative property with list II having
Given: Vapour pressure of pure water = 31.82 mm Hg
concentration of electrolytes. Assume all solutions
to behave like very dilute aqueous solution with
[Elevation in Boiling point and Depression in
perfectly non-volatile solute.
List- I List -II
freezing point]
38. If 1 mole of a non-volatile and non-electrolyte
I ∆Tb ≥ 0.7 K b P 0.2 m CaCl2
solute in 1000 g of water depresses the freezing
II ∆ Tb = 0.6 × K b Q 0.3 m NaBr
point by 1.86°C, then what will be the freezing
III π =0.78RT R 0.3 m point of a solution of 1 mole of the solute in 500 g
MgCl2 with of water?
degree of (A) −0.93°C (B) −1.86°C
dissociation
(C) 3.72°C (D) −3.72 °C
80%
IV ∆Tb S Urea
solution 39. The freezing point of equimolar aqueous solutions
P − Ps
o
Kb will be highest for
= obtained on
P o
1000 ∆Tb (A) C6H5NH3Cl (anilinium chloride)
+ dissolving
18 Kb 4.2 g urea in (B) Ca(NO3)2
100 g water (C) La(NO3)3
T 1.3 m (D) C6H12O6 (glucose)
CH3COOH
solution 40. PtCl4 ⋅ 6H2O can exist as a hydrated complex 1
which
molal aq. solution has depression in freezing point
dimerises to
of 3.72°. Assume 100% ionisation and Kf (H2O) =
an extent of
80% 1.86° mol–1 kg, then complex is
I II III IV (A) [Pt(H2O)6]Cl4
(A) R,S,T P,Q R,T P,Q,R,S,T (B) [Pt(H2O)4Cl2]Cl2 · 2H2O
(B) P,R,S P,R R,T P,Q,R,ST (C) [Pt(H2O)3Cl3]Cl ·3H2O
(C) R,S,T Q,R R,S P,Q,R,T (D) [Pt(H2O)2Cl4]·4H2O
(D) R,S,Q P,Q S,T P,Q,R,S,T
41. A solution is made of 162 g of HBr in 500 g water.
35. A current of dry air was passed through a series of Assume that the acid is 90% ionized. The freezing
bulbs containing 1.25 g of a solute A2B (molar point constant for water is –1.86°/mol. The
mass = 90 g/mol) in 49 g of water and then through incorrect statements are
pure water. The loss in weight of the former series (A) The number of moles of HBr is 2.
of bulbs was 0.98 g and in the later series 0.01 g. (B) the molality is 4m
The percentage dissociation of solute is_______%. (C) the effective molality after ionization is 7.6m.
(D) the freezing point of water lowered by 14.1°
36. In an Ostwald-Walker experiment, dry air was first
blown through a solution containing a certain 42. Freezing point lowering expression is:
amount of solute (M = 278) in 150 g water, and ΔTf = K f m (molality)
then also through pure water. The loss in mass of Which of the following assumption are considered
water was found to be 0.0827g while the mass of for the validity of above equation?
water absorbed in sulphuric acid was 3.317g. (A) The solution is dilute
Calculate the amount of the solute. (in grams) (B) The ΔH f (latent heat of fusion of solvent) is
independent of temperature between the
37. The Ksp(25°C) of sparingly soluble salt XY2(s) is actual and normal freezing point.
3.56 ×10−5(mol lit−1) and at 30°C the vapour (C) The solid-phase consist of pure solvent when
pressure of its saturated solution in water is 31.78 solution is allowed to cool
mm Hg. Calculate the enthalpy change of the (D) ΔTf is not equal to 3 K f for 3 mol L−1
reaction in nearest integer in kJ.
solution

16
43. If a 10% aqueous solution of a non-electrolyte 49. The mass of ice that will separate out on cooling a
solute of molar mass (m) has elevation in boiling solution containing 50 g of ethylene glycol in 375
point x°, then g water to –6.0°C is (Kf for water = 1.86 K
(A) graphically mol–1 kg)

50. If boiling point of an aqueous solution is 100.1°C.

The depression in freezing point of solution is
y × 10−1. Find the value of y in nearest integers.
Given latent heat of fusion and vaporisation of
water are 80cal g−1 and 540cal g−1 respectively.
(B) AB = 2 and tan θ = 1
(C) x is dependent on (Kb/m) 51. An aqueous solution of glucose boils at 100.01 °C.
The molar elevation constant for water is 0.5 K kg
K 
(D) log  b  → 0, when boiling point of the mol–1. If number of glucose molecule in the
 m  solution containing 100 g water is 1.2 × 10x, then
solution is twice the boiling point of water x
(in °C) is
3
44. Two solutions of non-volatile solutes A and B
[Osmosis and osmotic pressure]
having molar mass ratio of A and B(MA/MB) as 1/3
52. An aqueous solution (0.85% w/v) of NaNO3 is
are prepared by dissolving 5% (mass/vol.) of each
apparently 90% dissociated at 27°C. The osmotic
in water. The ratio of freezing point depression,
pressure of solution is
( ∆Tf )A (A) 2.463 atm (B) 4.68 atm
comes out to be 3 : 1. If the two solutions
( ∆Tf )B (C) 24.63 atm (D) 46.8 atm
are mixed to prepare a new solution (S1) by mixing
in the ratio 2:3 by volume and another new solution 53. X3Y2 (i = 5) when reacted with A2B3 (i = 5) in
(S2) is obtained by mixing in the ratio 3:2, find out aqueous solution gives brown colour. These are
( ∆Tf )s1 separated by a semipermeable membrane as
. Assume density of solution A and B shown. Due to osmosis there is
( ∆Tf )s
2
equal to one. (Round off upto two decimal places)

45. An aqueous solution contains 12% (w/w) MgSO4

and 9.5% (w/w) MgCl2. If the sulphate dissociates
up to 80% and chloride dissociates up to 60%, the
boiling point of solution (in Kelvin) is________. (A) Brown colour formation in side x
(Kb of water = 0.785 K-kg/mol) (B) Brown colour formation in side y
46. A complex is represented as CoCl3. xNH3 . Its 0.1 (C) Formation of brown colour in both sides x and y
(D) No brown colour formation
molal solution in water shows ΔTf = 0.558 , K f
for H 2 O is, 1.86 K.kgmol−1 . Assuming 100% 54. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
ionization of the complex, Calculate x. (A) Two sucrose solution of same molality prepared
47. A quantity of 1.04 g of (CoCl3 • 6NH3) (molecular in different solvent will have the same freezing
weight = 267) was dissolved in 100 g of H2O. The point depression.
freezing point of the solution was –0.29°C. How (B) Osmotic pressure (π) of a solution is given by π
many moles of solute particle exist in solution for = MRT, where M is the molarity of the solution.
each mole of solute introduced? The value of Kf for (C) At same temperature, the correct order of
water = 1.86°Cm–1 osmotic pressure for 0.01 M aqueous solution of
each compound is BaCl2 > KCl > CH3COOH >
48. A quantity of 2.0 g of benzoic acid dissolved in Sucrose.
26.0 g of benzene shows a depression in freezing (D) Raoult’s law states that the vapour pressure of a
point equal to 1.60 K. Molal depression constant of component over a solution is proportional to its
benzene is 4.88 K – kgmol–1. The percentage mole fraction.
association of the acid is
17
55. Blood cells in the human body have semipermeable ΔTb
(Q) π= ×ST for urea solution
membrane and depending upon the concentration of Kb
solution inside blood cells and outside (in the blood), (R) Addition of salt on ice increases its melting
‘Lysis’ (expansion of blood cells) and ‘Crenation’ point
(contraction of blood cells) may occur. Kidneys are (S) Addition of salt on ice brings in melting of ice
responsible for keeping the solution inside blood cell earlier
and blood at the same concentration. Identify the (A) Q, R, S (B) P, Q, S
correct information(s). (C) P, Q, R (D) R, S
(A) Lysis will occur when blood cells are kept in a
solution which is isotonic with blood. 59. 1 g mixture of glucose and urea present in 250 mL
aqueous solution shows an osmotic pressure of
(B) Crenation will occur when blood cells are kept
0.74 atm at 27°C. Assuming solution to be dilute,
in a solution which is hypertonic with blood. which are correct?
(C) Blood cells will have normal shape when placed (P) Percentage of urea in solute mixture is 17.6
in an isotonic solution with blood. (Q) Relative lowering in vapour pressure of this
(D) Lysis will occur when blood cells are kept in a solution is 5.41 × 10–4.
solution which is hypotonic with blood. (R) The solutions will boil at 100.015° C, if Kb of
water is 0.5 K molality–1
56. Consider following solutions: (S) If glucose is replaced by same amount of
(I) 1 M glucose (aq) sucrose, the solution will show higher osmotic
(II) 1 M sodium chloride (aq) pressure at 27°C
(III) 1 M acetic acid in benzene (T) if glucose replaced by same amount of NaCl,
(IV) 1 M ammonium phosphate (aq) the solution will show lower osmotic pressure
(A) all are isotonic solutions at 27°C.
(B) III is hypotonic of I, II, IV (A) P, R (B) P, Q, R, T
(C) I, II, IV are hypertonic of III (C) Q, S, T (D) P, S, T
(D) IV is hypertonic of I, II, III 60. Match the following

57. 2 litre of 1 molar solution of a complex salt List–I (Term) List–II

CrCl3⋅6H2O (molar mass 266.5 g mol–1) shows an (Definition [osmolarity =
osmotic pressure])
osmotic pressure of 98.52 atm. The solution is now
I Hemolysis P The shrinking of a red
treated with 1 litre of 6 M AgNO3, which of the blood cell when placed
following is/are correct? in a solution of greater
(A) Mass of AgCl precipitated is 861 g osmolarity than cell
(B) The clear solution will show an osmotic itself.
pressure = 98.52 atm II Crenation Q Refers to two solutions
(C) The clear solution will show an osmotic of same osmolarity
pressure = 65.68 atm III Hygroscopic R Refers to a solution
(D) 2 mole of [Cr(H2O)6] (NO3)3 will be present in having a greater
solution osmolarity than 0.30
osmol (the osmolarity
of normal red blood
Paragraph Type Questions cells)
Passage-1 IV Hypertonic S An ionic compound
Addition of non-volatile solute to a solvent always which attracts water
increases the colligative properties such as osmotic molecules from the
pressure, ∆P, ∆Tb and ∆Tf. All these colligative properties atmosphere
are directly proportional to molality if solutions are dilute. V Isotonic T The swelling and
The increase in colligative properties on addition of non- bursting of a red blood
volatile solute is due to increases in number of solute cell when placed in a
particles. solution of lower
osmolarity than the cell
58. For different aqueous solutions of 0.1 N NaCl, 0.1
itself.
N urea, 0.1 N Na2SO4 and 0.1 N Na3PO4 solutions
I II III IV V
at 27°C, the correct statements are:
(A) T P S R P
(P) The order of osmotic pressure is, NaCl >
(B) T P S R Q
Na2SO4 > Na3PO4 > urea
(C) P Q R Q T
(D) T S T R P
18
61. A solution containing compound ‘X’ in water and 66. Which statement are correct about antifreeze
a solution containing glucose in water were put in mixtures use to melt ice or snow on roads?
a closed system. By doing this, some water vapour (A) Anitfreeze mixture of CaCl2 + water (f.pt. –
was removed from one solution and got condensed 50°C) is preferred over KCl + water (f. pt. –
in the other. It is found that when both the solutions 10°C)
were at equilibrium vapour pressure, one solution (B) The low freezing point of aq. CaCl2 solution is
contains 10% (w/w) of ‘X’ and the other 5% (w/w) due to its van't Hoff factor i = 3
glucose. The molar mass (in g/mol) of ‘X’ is_____. (C) The use of antifreeze for salt solutions causes
major problems of corrosion of steel car bodies
62. Variation of π/c vs c (c is concentration of solute in and reinforcement bars in concrete road
g dm–3) is given. At 300 K, for a solute of molar
structures.
mass 308 g mol–1, OA = x ×10–y in scientific
(D) More is the amount of salt spreaded on road,
notation with x as single digit integer. What is
easier is the melting of ice.
value of x?
(R = 0.0821 L atm mol–1 K–1)
67. Match the following
List-I List-II
I 0.1 M P Solution with highest
Al2(SO4)3 boiling point
II 0.1 M AlPO4 Q Van't Hoff factor is
greater than 1
III 0.1 M urea R Solution with lowest
osmotic pressure
IV 0.1 M MgCl2 S Solution with lowest
63. A tube of uniform cross sectional area 1 cm2 is freezing point
closed at one end with semi-permiable membrane. T Solution with highest
A solution having 5 gm glucose per 100 ml is vapour pressure
placed inside the tube and dipped in pure water at I II III IV
27°C. When the equilibrium is established, what (A) Q R Q,T P,Q,S
will be the osmotic pressure, height developed in (B) P,Q,S Q R, T Q
vertical column. Also calculate molality and (C) Q R P,Q,S Q
molarity of the solution. Density of glucose (D) R, T Q Q P,Q,S
solution is 1 gm/ml.

64. Solutions A and B have osmotic pressures of 2.4

atm and 4.2 atm, respectively, at a certain
temperature. The osmotic pressure (in atm) of a
solution prepared by mixing the solutions in 2:1
volume ratio, respectively, at the same temperature
is.

[Van't Hoff factor]

65. Phenol dimerizes in benzene. If the observed
molecular mass of phenol in solution is 120, then its
degree of dimerization is
(A) 0.600 (B) 0.433
(C) 0.277 (D) 0.866

19
 ANSWER KEY

JEE MAIN

1. (4) 46. (2) 91. (1)

2. (1) 47. (2) 92. (4)
3. (1) 48. (4) 93. (2)
4. (1) 49. (2) 94. (3)
5. (1) 50. (2) 95. (4)
6. (2) 51. (2) 96. (2)
7. (3) 52. (4) 97. (4)
8. (4) 53. (2) 98. (4)
9. (2) 54. (2) 99. (3)
10. (3) 55. (2) 100. (3)
11. (4) 56. (2) 101. (2)
12. (3) 57. (1) 102. (1)
13. (2) 58. (3) 103. (4)
14. (2) 59. (4) 104. (1)
15. (1) 60. (2) 105. (3)
16. (22) 61. (3) 106. (5)
17. (4) 62. (3) 107. (40)
18. (4) 63. (1) 108. (2)
19. (2) 64. (3) 109. (10)
20. (1) 65. (1) 110. (25)
21. (2) 66. (9) 111. (3)
22. (3) 67. (20) 112. (296)
23. (4) 68. (5) 113. (46)
24. (3) 69. (6) 114. (1)
25. (3) 70. (3) 115. (3)
26. (1) 71. (4) 116. (3)
27. (3) 72. (8) 117. (4)
28. (3) 73. (1) 118. (2)
29. (2) 74. (2) 119. (3)
30. (4) 75. (2) 120. (1)
31. (2) 76. (1) 121. (4)
32. (3) 77. (1) 122. (2)
33. (4) 78. (4) 123. (2)
34. (400) 79. (4) 124. (5)
35. (146) 80. (3) 125. (1)
36. (24) 81. (1) 126. (1)
37. (3) 82. (3) 127. (4)
38. (4) 83. (4) 128. (4)
39. (4) 84. (3) 129. (1)
40. (2) 85. (1) 130. (4)
41. (4) 86. (1) 131. (2)
42. (3) 87. (1) 132. (1)
43. (4) 88. (1) 133. (1)
44. (4) 89. (4) 134. (2)
45. (1) 90. (1)

20
 JEE ADVANCED
36. (0.57)
1. (A, B, D) 37. (53)
2. (C) 38. (D)
3. (A) 39. (D)
4. (A) 40. (C)
5. (1.67) 41. (A, C, D)
6. (B) 42. (A, B, C)
7. (B) 43. (A, B, C, D)
8. (B) 44. (0.82)
9. (A) 45. (377.00)
10. (C) 46. (5)
11. (A, B, C) 47. (4)
12. (B, C, D) 48. (96)
13. (B, C) 49. (125)
14. (D) 50. (4)
15. (C) 51. (7)
16. (A) 52. (B)
17. (C) 53. (D)
18. (B) 54. (B, C, D)
19. (C) 55. (B, C, D)
20. (A, B, C) 56. (B, C, D)
21. (A, B, D) 57. (A, C, D)
22. (A, B, C, D) 58. (B)
23. (B, C) 59. (A)
24. (C, D) 60. (B)
25. (B, C) 61. (380.00)
26. (C) 62. (8.00)
27. (6.00) 63. (0.29)
28. (19.00) 64. (3)
29. (A) 65. (B)
30. (B) 66. (A, B, C, D)
31. (A) 67. (B)
32. (A, B, C, D)
33. (A, B)
34. (A)
35. (50)

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