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Cable Sizing

The document outlines the cable sizing calculation process according to IEC standards, which involves three steps: checking short circuit withstand capacity, determining effective current carrying capacity, and calculating voltage drop during steady state conditions and motor startup. It details the formulas and factors required for each step, including the necessary derating factors based on installation conditions. Additionally, it provides specific calculations for both three-phase and single-phase circuits, as well as DC circuits.

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111 views3 pages

Cable Sizing

The document outlines the cable sizing calculation process according to IEC standards, which involves three steps: checking short circuit withstand capacity, determining effective current carrying capacity, and calculating voltage drop during steady state conditions and motor startup. It details the formulas and factors required for each step, including the necessary derating factors based on installation conditions. Additionally, it provides specific calculations for both three-phase and single-phase circuits, as well as DC circuits.

Uploaded by

sivasankar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CABLE SIZING CALCULATION AS PER IEC STANDARDS

The sizings of the cable can do by three steps:

Step 1: Short circuit withstands capacity.


Step 2: Effective current carrying capacity.
Step 3: Voltage drop during steady state conditions and motor start up.

Short circuit withstand capacity is to be checked for HT & LT main incoming feeders
only, For LT motor feeders the cable reduce the short circuit current ,Hence short circuit
withstand checking is not required for the rated fault level of the LT motors.
Note: HT and LT main incomer feeders, the minimum cable size which satisfies the
above three condition.LT feeders, the minimum cable size which meets step 2 & step 3.

Step-1Short circuit withstands capacity (Applicable HT & LT main feeders).


The cross section area of the conductor where calculated shall not be less the value
determine by the following formula.
Ish √ t
A=
K

Where Ish = short circuit current in Amps (A).


t = fault clearing time in sec.

A = cross section area of the conductor in Sq.mm

K = Factor of the conductor. K vales for the different cables XLPE copper
conductor = 143, XLPE Aluminum = 94, PVC copper =96,
PVC Aluminum = 76.

Step-2 Effective current carrying capacity.


The current carrying capacity of a cable corresponds to the maximum current that it can
caay under specified conditions without the conductor exceeding the permissible limit of
thr steady state temperature of the type of insulation concerned. Derating factor or
correction factor © shall be applied where the Installation conditions differ from those for
which values of current carrying capacity are defined. Derating factor generally
considered are as follows:

a) In ground installation (direct burial)

C = Cs X Cg X Cd X Ct
Where,
Cs = Rating factor for variation in ground temperature.
Cg = Rating factor for grouping of the cable.
Cd = Rating factor for depth of laying.
Ct = Rating factor for thermal resistivity of the soil.

b) Above ground installation.

C = Ca X Cg

Where,

Ca = Rating factor for variation in ambient air temperature.

Cg = Rating factor for grouping of the cable.

c) In case cable are laid in air and ground, take the lowest derating factor for the
calculation.

d) So cable rating = cable rated current in ground or air(from catalog) X C (Derating


factor).

e) Select the cable and no. of runs as per the Full load current.

kW
( i ) for 3 ph AC load I =
√3∗V ∗P . F∗EFF

kW
( ii ) for 1 ph AC load I =
V∗P . F∗EFF
kW
( iii ) for DC load I =
V ∗EFF

Step-3 Voltage drop during steady state condition and motor star up:

a) For three phase circuits:

%Vd=¿
√3∗I∗L∗( Rcos ∅ + Xsin ∅ ) ¿ 100
N∗V

b) For single phase:

2∗I∗L∗( Rcos ∅ + Xsin ∅ )


%Vd=¿ ¿ 100
N∗V

Vd = Voltage drop in percentage.

I = Line current in Amps

L = Cable length in k.m

R = AC conductor Resistance of the cable at maximum rated conductor


temperature ohms per km (70 deg for PVC and 90 deg for XLPE).

N = Number of runs.

V = System voltage in Volts.

X = Reactance of the cable at 50Hz.

c) For DC Circuit:

2∗I∗L∗Rdc
%Vd=¿ ¿ 100
N∗V

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