MATLAB RECORD
NAME : DEVANSH DEWAN
ROLL NO : CB.SC.U4CSE23017
COURSE CODE : 23MAT216
Course name : Probability and Random Processes
Output
1. Mean for raw data
Code
clc
clear all
totalSum = 0;
arr=[70,120,110,101,88,83,95,107,100]
for i = 1:length(arr)
totalSum = totalSum + arr(i);
end
meanValue = totalSum / length(arr);
fprintf("Mean is %.4f\n",meanValue)
Output
2. Mean for frequency data
Code
clc;
clear all;
arr=[1,2,3,4,5,6,7];
f=[5,9,12,17,14,10,6];
sum=0;
sumf=0;
for i = 1:length(f)
sum = sum + arr(i) * f(i)
sumf = sumf + f(i)
end
mean_value = sum / sumf;
disp(['Mean: ',num2str(mean_value)])
Output
3. Median for raw data
Code
% Sample raw data
raw_data = [12,45,67,23,89,34,56,78,90,11];
% Calculate the median value
median_value = median(raw_data);
% Display the median value
disp(['The median value is: ',
num2str(median_value)])
Output
4. Median for grouped data
Code
clc
clear all;
class_intervals = [10 20;20 30; 30 40; 40 50; 50
60];
frequencies = [5,8,12,6,4];
cum_freq = cumsum(frequencies);
total_freq = sum(frequencies);
half_total = total_freq / 2;
median_class_index = find(cum_freq >=
half_total,1);
L = class_intervals(median_class_index,1);
f = frequencies(median_class_index);
cf = (median_class_index >
1)*cum_freq(median_class_index -1);
h =class_intervals(median_class_index,2) -
class_intervals(median_class_index,1);
median = L + ((half_total - cf)/f)*h;
disp(['Median of the grouped data is :
',num2str(median)]);
Output
5. Mode for raw data
Code
clc;
clear all;
data = [1,2,2,3,4,4,5,6,6,6];
mode_value = mode(data);
disp(['The node of the data is:
',num2str(mode_value)]);
Output
6. Multi modes in raw data
Code
clc;
clear all;
function modes = findModes(data)
% Ensure the data is a column vector
data = data(:);
% Find the unique values and their counts
[uniqueValues, ~,idx] = unique(data);
counts = accumarray(idx,1);
% Find the maximum count
maxCount = max(counts);
% Find all values that have the maximum count
modes = uniqueValues(counts == maxCount);
end
% Example usage:
rawData = [1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4,5,5,5];
modes = findModes(rawData);
disp('Modes of the dataset are: ');
disp(modes);
Output
7. Modes in grouped data
Code
clc;
clear all;
format short
syms x;
total = 0;
mean1 = 0;
moment1 = 0;
% Define number of subintervals and their
respective functions and limits
n = 2; % Number of subintervals
% Define probability density functions (PDFs) and
limits manually
fun_list = {@(x) 0.5*x, @(x) 0.3*x^2}; % Cell
array of function handles
limits = [0 2; 2 4]; % Corresponding limits for
each function
for i = 1:n
fun_1_a = fun_list{i};
a = limits(i,1);
b = limits(i,2);
% Compute total probability
result = int(fun_1_a, x, a, b);
total = total + result;
% Compute mean
mean_res1 = @(x) x * fun_1_a(x);
mean_result1 = int(mean_res1, x, a, b);
mean1 = mean1 + mean_result1;
% Compute second moment
moment_1 = @(x) x^2 * fun_1_a(x);
moment_result1 = int(moment_1, x, a, b);
moment1 = moment1 + moment_result1;
end
% Display results
disp("The total probability is");
disp(double(total));
disp("The mean of the distribution is");
disp(double(mean1));
Variance = moment1 - mean1^2;
disp("The variance of the distribution is");
disp(double(Variance));
Output
8. Binomial distribution
Code
clc; clear; close all;
n = input('Enter number of trials (n): ');
p = input('Enter probability of success (p): ');
% Generate probability mass function (PMF)
x = 0:n; % Possible values
binomial_pmf = binopdf(x, n, p);
binomial_cdf = binocdf(x, n, p);
disp('Binomial Distribution PMF and CDF:');
disp(table(x', binomial_pmf', binomial_cdf',
'VariableNames', {'x', 'PMF', 'CDF'}));
% Plot PMF
figure;
subplot(1,2,1);
stem(x, binomial_pmf, 'b', 'LineWidth', 1.5);
xlabel('Number of Successes');
ylabel('Probability');
title('Binomial Distribution PMF');
grid on;
% Plot CDF
subplot(1,2,2);
stairs(x, binomial_cdf, 'r', 'LineWidth', 1.5);
xlabel('Number of Successes');
ylabel('Cumulative Probability');
title('Binomial Distribution CDF');
grid on;
Output
9. Poisson distribution
Code
clc; clear; close all;
lambda = input('Enter mean (λ) of Poisson
distribution: ');
% Generate PMF and CDF
x = 0:20; % Define range
poisson_pmf = poisspdf(x, lambda);
poisson_cdf = poisscdf(x, lambda);
disp('Poisson Distribution PMF and CDF:');
disp(table(x', poisson_pmf', poisson_cdf',
'VariableNames', {'x', 'PMF', 'CDF'}));
% Plot PMF
figure;
subplot(1,2,1);
stem(x, poisson_pmf, 'b', 'LineWidth', 1.5);
xlabel('Number of Occurrences');
ylabel('Probability');
title('Poisson Distribution PMF');
grid on;
% Plot CDF
subplot(1,2,2);
stairs(x, poisson_cdf, 'r', 'LineWidth', 1.5);
xlabel('Number of Occurrences');
ylabel('Cumulative Probability');
title('Poisson Distribution CDF');
grid on;
Output
10. Geometric distribution
Code
clc; clear; close all;
p = input('Enter probability of success (p): ');
% Generate PMF and CDF
x = 0:10; % Number of failures before first
success
geometric_pmf = geopdf(x, p);
geometric_cdf = geocdf(x, p);
disp('Geometric Distribution PMF and CDF:');
disp(table(x', geometric_pmf', geometric_cdf',
'VariableNames', {'x', 'PMF', 'CDF'}));
% Plot PMF
figure;
subplot(1,2,1);
stem(x, geometric_pmf, 'b', 'LineWidth', 1.5);
xlabel('Number of Failures Before First Success');
ylabel('Probability');
title('Geometric Distribution PMF');
grid on;
% Plot CDF
subplot(1,2,2);
stairs(x, geometric_cdf, 'r', 'LineWidth', 1.5);
xlabel('Number of Failures Before First Success');
ylabel('Cumulative Probability');
title('Geometric Distribution CDF');
grid on;
Output
11. Mean & Variance of Discrete Random Variable
Code
clc;
clear all;
format long;
% Input values
x = input('Enter the values of the discrete random
variable X (as a row vector): ');
p = input('Enter the corresponding probabilities
P(X) (as a row vector): ');
% Checking if probabilities sum to 1
if abs(sum(p) - 1) > 1e-6
error('The sum of probabilities must be 1.');
end
% Mean (Expected Value) E(X)
mean_X = sum(x .* p);
% Variance Var(X) = E(X^2) - (E(X))^2
E_X2 = sum((x.^2) .* p);
variance_X = E_X2 - mean_X^2;
% Display Results
disp(['Mean (E[X]): ', num2str(mean_X)]);
disp(['Variance (Var[X]): ',
num2str(variance_X)]);
Output
12. Mean , Variance of Continuous Random Variable
Code
clc;
clear all;
syms x;
% User input: Probability Density Function (PDF)
pdf_str = input('Enter the probability density
function (as a function of x): ', 's');
pdf = str2func(['@(x)', pdf_str]);
% User input: Limits of integration
a = input('Enter the lower limit: ');
b = input('Enter the upper limit: ');
% Calculate Mean (Expected Value)
mean_X = integral(@(x) x .* pdf(x), a, b);
% Calculate Variance: Var(X) = E[X^2] - (E[X])^2
E_X2 = integral(@(x) x.^2 .* pdf(x), a, b);
variance_X = E_X2 - mean_X^2;
% Display Results
disp(['Mean (E[X]): ', num2str(mean_X)]);
disp(['Variance (Var[X]): ',
num2str(variance_X)]);
