HINTS & SOLUTIONS

Single Option Correct Type Questions (01 to 27)

1. (B)
Sol: Dielectric constant of H2O is 78.39 while that of D2O is 78.06. Hence, solubility of ionic compound is smaller
in heavy water.

2. (C)
Sol: Fact.

3. (C)
Sol: Volume strength of H2O2 = 5.6 × N
10 × 500 15 × 500 20 × 500
N × 3000 = + +
5.6 5.6 5.6
N H2O2 = 1.339
Volume strength of H2O2 = 1.339 × 5.6 = 7.5

4. (D)
Sol: Nuclear spin affects physical properties.

5. (B)
Sol: Alkali metals and alkaline earth metals such as Ca, Sr, Ba generally form such type of hydrides. They liberate
hydrogen at the anode and confirm that they are ionic compounds and contain H– ion.

6. (B)
Sol: 2KMnO 4 + 3H 2SO 4 + 5H 2 O 2 → K 2SO 4 + 2MnSO 4 + 8H 2 O + 5O 2
2KI + H 2SO 4 + H 2 O 2 → K 2SO 4 + I 2 + 2H 2 O
2KMnO 4 + 3H 2 O 2 → 2MnO 2 (s) + 2KOH + 3O 2 + 2H 2 O
brown

PbS + 4H 2 O 2 → PbSO 4 + 4H 2 O
(black ) (white)

7. (A)
Sol: CaO + Ca(HCO3 ) 2 → 2CaCO3 + H 2 O
For one litre water,
Meq. of CaO = Meq. of Ca(HCO3)2
w × 1000 1.62 × 1000
or =
56 162
2 2
WCaO = 0.56 g
Thus CaO required for 103 litre H2O = 0.56 × 103 = 560 g.

8. (D)
Sol: The dielectric constants of pure H2O2 and 65% H2O2 solution are 93 and 120 respectively, which is greater than that
of water (about 82). It is not used as a solvent because of its strongly oxidising nature and its readily decomposition

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 even in the presence of traces of many heavy metal ions. MnO4– ion is a strong oxidising agent with which H2O2
acts as a reducing agent.
H 2 O 2 + 2H + + 2e − → 2H 2 O; Eº = 1.77 V
O 2 + 2H + + 2e − → H 2 O 2 ; Eº = 0.68 V
HO −2 + H 20 O + 2e − → 3OH − ; Eº = 0.87 V

9. (C)
Sol: The two O – H bonds in H2O2 are in different planes due to repulsion between different bonding and antibonding
orbitals.

10. (C)
Sol: H2 gas doesn’t reduce the oxides of highly electropositive metals.

11. (C)
Sol: 24 mg of MgSO4 present in 103 g of water
106 g water will contain = 24000 mg of MgSO4 = 24 g of MgSO4
120 g of MgSO4 = 100 g of CaCO3
100
So, 24 g of MgSO4 = × 24 = 20 g of CaCO3
120
Hardness of water = 20 ppm.

12. (B)
Sol: → Na2CO3 precipitates out Ca++ and Mg++ from hard water as insoluble carbonates
→ Calgon; (NaPO3)6; exchanges Ca++ and Mg++ from hard water
→ Permutit: common type of zeolite, it exchanges Ca++ and Mg++ from hard water with its Na+ and also does
not allow to pass large sized molecules from it.

13. (C)
Sol: Ortho and para hydrogen have same chemical properties but different physical properties.

14. (C)
1270K
Sol: C + H 2 O 
→ water gas (CO + H 2 )
773K
CO + H 2 + H 2 O 
→ CO 2 + H 2
+Fe2O3 Cr2O3

15. (D)
Sol: fact

16. (D)
Sol: CH4 has exact number of electrons to form covalent bonds.

17. (B)
Sol: Iodine reduced to Iodide by H2O2.

18. (A)
Sol: Metals belonging to group 7, 8, 9 do not form hydrides.

19. (B)
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Sol: When ice melts, its molecules move into the holes or open spaces and comes closer to each other than they were in
solid state. Thus, ice has lower density than water and there is contraction in volume.

20. (B)

Sol: is the true structure.

21. (C)
Sol: CO + H2 mixture is called syn gas. The process of producing syn gas from coke or coal is called coal gasification

22. (A)
Sol: CaZ2 + 2NaCl 
→ CaCI 2 + 2NaZ(s)
(Conc.)

23. (A)
1
Sol: H 2O2 → H 2 O + O 2 (g)
2
1L 10L
1 mL 10 mL
1
∴ 500 mL O 2 → × 500 = 50 mL H 2 O 2
10

24. (A)
Sol: Density of deuterated ice turn out to be 1.105 g/cm3.

25. (B)
Sol: Ca + 2H 2 O → Ca(OH) 2 + H 2
CaH 2 + 2H 2 O → Ca(OH) 2 + H 2

26. (C)
Sol: The reaction in which hydrogen accepts the electron or its oxidation number changes from 0 to – 1, it acts as an
oxidising agent.
2Na + H 2 → 2Na + H −

27. (C)
Sol: Decomposition of H2O2 is catalysed in the presence of metal surfaces or traces of alkali.

Multiple Choice Type Questions (28 to 44)

28. (A, B, C)
Sol: Ice structure contain vacant spaces that can hold molecules of appropriate sizes interstitially.

29. (A, B)
Sol: ⇒ Zero Kelvin = 100% para form
Ortho
⇒ Ratio = increases, T ↑
Para

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 ⇒ Ortho – Thermodynamically controlled
⇒ Para – Kinetically controlled

30. (A, B, C, D)
Sol: Refer preparation of dihydrogen

31. (A, B, C, D)
Sol: Refer uses of H2O2.

32. (A, B)
Sol: BaO 2 + cold H 2SO 4 → BaSO 4 + H 2 O 2
3BaO 2 + cold 2H 3 PO 4 → Ba 3 (PO 4 ) 2 + 3H 2 O 2

33. (A, C)
Sol: M 2+ + Na 4 P6 O18
2−
→[Na 2 MP6 O18 ]2− + 2Na +

(Complex anion keep Mg2+ & Ca2+ in solution)

34. (B, C)
Sol: Strength of H2O2 in 10V H2O2 solution = 30 g/L

35. (A, D)
Sol: Al4 C3 + 12D 2 O 
→ 4Al(OD)3 + 3CD 4
Be 2 C + 4D 2 O 
→ 2Be(OD) 2 + CD 4

36. (A, B, C, D)
Sol: All statements are correct.
(Refer uses of dihydrogen)

37. (B, D)
Sol: 2NaZ(s) + M 2+ (aq.) 
→ MZ2 (s) + 2Na + (aq.)
(M = Ca 2 + , Mg 2 + )

38. (A, B)
Sol: The mixture of CO + H2 is called water gas as well as syngas.

39. (A, C)
Sol: D2O is extensively used as a moderator in nuclear reactors
Fact : Hydrogen bonds with deuterium are slightly stronger than the ones involving normal hydrogen.

40. (B, C)
Sol: All elements of group 14 form electron-precise compounds which are tetrahedral in geometry.

41. (A, D)
Sol: Group-13 form electron-deficient hydride where as group-15 from electron-rich hydrides.

42. (A, B, C)

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Sol: As the temperature is raised, the proportion of ortho hydrogen increases upto a limiting mixture containing 75%
ortho hydrogen. The nuclear spins of the two atoms in the hydrogen molecule are either in the same direction (ortho
form) or in opposite direction (para form) and give rise to spin isomerism.

43. (A, B, C, D)
Sol: 2MnO 4− + 6H + + 5H 2 O 2 →
acidic
medium
2Mn 2 + + 8H 2 O + 5O 2
+4
basic
2MnO −4 + 3H 2 O 2 →
medium
2 Mn O 2 + 2OH − + 3O 2 + 2H 2 O
I 2 + H 2 O 2 + 2OH − 
→ 2I − + 2H 2 O + O 2
2I − + H 2 O 2 + 2H + 
→ I 2 + 2H 2 O

44. (A, C, D)
Sol: Acidic nature (ka for H2O2 = 1.55 × 10–12 & kw for H2O = 10–14 at 25ºC)
E.g., NaOH + H2O2 → NaHO2 + H2O
Sodium hydro peroxide (Acidic salt)
H2O2 acts as both oxidising and reducing agent. E.g., It oxidises iodide to iodine and reduces halogen to halogen
acids.

Numerical/Integer Type Questions (45 to 54)

Part I: Numerical Type Questions (45 to 48)
45. (40.00)
Sol: 48 mg of MgSO4 present in 103 g of water
106 g water contains MgSO4 = 48 × 103 = 48 g
∴ 120 g of MgSO4 = 100 g of CaCO3
100
⇒ 48g MgSO 4 ≡ × 48 = 40 ppm
120
46. (42.00)
Sol: Be 2 C + 2H 2 O → 2BeO + CH 4
(X)

CaC2 + 2H 2 O → Ca(OH) 2 + C2 H 2
(Y)

Mol. wt of CH4 = 16
Mol wt of C2H2 = 26
∴ Sum of mol. wt. = 16 + 26 = 42

47. (21.25)
N
Sol: 30 mL × (KMnO 4 ) = 20 mL × N x (H 2 O 2 )
12
30 1
Normality of H2O2 solution; Nx = =
12 × 20 8
1
Strength = Normality × Eq. mass = × 17 = 2.125 gL−1
8

48. (0.45)
Sol: Let the normality of H2O2 solution be Nx.
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 20 mL 0.1 N (Na2S2O3) = 25 mL Nx (H2O2)
20 × 0.1 2
Normality of H2O2, Nx = = = 0.08
25 25
Now, volume strength = Nx × 5.6 = 0.08 × 5.6 = 0.448

Part II: Integer Type Questions (49 to 54)

49. (5)
Sol: P2H4 is electron rich hydride

50. (6)

Sol:

51. (3)
Sol:

Opposite spin of nuclei in para hydrogen molecule so that it is more stable and lower energy as compared to ortho
H2. At absolute zero temperature 100% para H2 exist.

52. (3)
Sol: I, IV and V are correct.

53. (1)
Sol: SiH4, GeH4, PH3, AsH3, B2H6
Only B2H6 is electron deficient.

54. (5)
10 20
Sol: N1 = , N2 =
5.6 5.6
 10 1   20 1 
 × + ×  = NT × 3
 5.6 2   5.6 2 
⇒ NT = 0.8928 N
Volume strength = 5.6 × 0.8928 ≈ 5

Matrix type Questions (55 to 59)

Part I: List Type Questions (55 to 56)
55. (A)
Sol: I-T, II-S, III-Q, IV-P, V-R
Most active metals (like alkali and alkaline earth metals) form salt like hydrides.
Zn + H 2SO 4 
→ ZnSO 4 + H 2
56. (A)
Sol: I-Q, II-S, III-U, IV-R, V-P, R, T
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 (I) → Water (H2O) can be reduced to dihydrogen by NaH
(II) → Electrolysis of water produces hydrogen and oxygen gas.
(III)→ Heavy water is used in nuclear reactor as moderator
(IV)→ Sodium hexametaphosphate is used in calgon method
(V) → Permanent hardness of hard water is removed by zeolite/permutit and sodium hexametaphosphate

Part II: Matrix Match Questions (57 to 60)

57. I-(P, R), II-(Q, R), III-(R, S)
Sol: Dihydrogen forms three types of hydrides, e.g., ionic, covalent and interstitial hydrides. Ionic or salt like (saline)
hydrides are formed by alkali metals, alkaline earth metals with exception of Be and Mg and some highly
electropositive members of lanthanide series.
Covalent or molecular hydrides are formed by all the true non metals (except zero group elements) and the
elements such as Al, Ga, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi, Po, etc., which are normally metallic in nature.
Metallic or interstitial hydrides are formed by many d-block and f-block elements at elevated temperatures. These
hydrides are often non-stoichiometric.
Complex metal hydrides such as LiAlH4 and NaBH4 are powerful reducing agents and are widely used in organic
reactions.

58. I-(Q, R, S, T), II-(Q, R, T), III-(P, Q, T), IV-(P, Q, T))

Sol: Complex metal hydrides such as LiAlH4 and NaBH4 are powerful reducing agents and are widely used in organic
reactions.
CaH2 and LiH are ionic hydrides and act as reducing agents.

59. I-R, II-P, III-Q

Sol: (I) Ionic hydrides 
→(R)
→(P)
(II) Covalent 
→(Q)
(III) Metallic 

60. I-(P, R, S), II-(P, S), III-(R, T), IV-(Q, S)

Sol: Factual type.

Comprehension type Questions (61 to 74)

Comprehension-1
61. (A)
Sol: Due to hindered rotation H2O2(g) adopt open book like structure which is a skew configuration.

62. (D)
Sol: O2 B.O = 2
O +2 B.O = 2.5
O −2 B.O = 1.5
O 22 − B.O = 1

63. (D)
Sol: Peroxy compound produced H2O2 on hydrolysis.
Na 2 O 2 + 2H 2 O → 2NaOH + H 2 O 2
Comprehension-2

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64. (A)
Sol: H– ions occupy holes in the lattice of the metal.

65. (C)
Sol: Metals belonging to group 7, 8, 9 do not form hydrides. This region of periodic table is called hydride-gap.

66. (B)
Sol: Fact Based

Comprehension-3
67. (D)
Sol: Both statements are correct

68. (B)
Sol: At absolute zero Kelvin, Hydrogen contain mainly para form.

Comprehension-4
69. (B)
Sol: In SrO2, the oxidation state of oxygen is –1 so it is a peroxide and gives H2O2 on treatment with a dilute acid.
SrO 2 + H 2SO 4 → SrSO 4 + H 2 O 2

70. (B)
Sol: A stronger acid displaces a weaker acid from its salts
BaO 2 + H 2 O + CO 2 → BaCO3 + H 2 O 2
stronger acid weaker acid

Pure H2O2 turns blue litmus red but its dilute solution is neutral to litmus. It thus, behaves as a weak acid. Its
dissociation constant is 1.55 × 10–12 at 293 K which is only slightly higher than that of water (1.0 × 10–14). Thus,
hydrogen peroxide is only a slightly stronger acid than water.

71. (B)
Sol: TiO2 and PbO2 are not peroxides. Anhydrous BaO2 is not used for the preparation of H2O2 due to formation of a
protective layer on it.
Na 2 O 2 + H 2SO 4 → Na 2SO 4 + H 2 O 2
dil. cold

Comprehension-5
72. (B)
Sol: In successive hydrides starting from N to Sb, the lone pair causes distortion of M – H bonds. The bond angle
decreases from 107º to 90º. This suggests that orbitals used in M – H bonding are almost pure p-orbitals.

73. (B)
Sol: A – H bond energy decreases with increase in size of A. Hence Bi – H bond readily breaks to make it the best
reducer and the reducing power decreases with decrease of size of A.

74. (C)
Sol: Due to increase in size from PH3 to SbH3, the van der Wall's forces increase. So their boiling points increase from
PH3 to SbH3. But due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding, NH3 has very high boiling point, but less than that of
SbH3.

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