Exercise 1: Implement Single Inheritance
Write a Java program where a Person class has attributes name and age. A subclass Employee
extends Person and adds salary. Display the details.
Sample Input Sample Output
Enter name: Alice Name: Alice
Enter age: 25 Age: 25
Enter salary: 50000 Salary: 50000
Exercise 2: Implement Hierarchical Inheritance
Create a base class Vehicle with a method displayType(). Extend it with Car and Bike classes and
override the method to display respective types.
Sample Input Sample Output
Choose vehicle type (1 for Car, 2 for Bike): 1 Vehicle Type: Car
Choose vehicle type (1 for Car, 2 for Bike): 2 Vehicle Type: Bike
Exercise 3: Multilevel Inheritance - Animal Hierarchy
Create a base class Animal with a method makeSound(). Extend it into Mammal, and further
extend Dog from Mammal. Implement the makeSound() method in each class and display the
hierarchy.
Sample Input Sample Output
Animal makes a sound
Creating a Dog object Mammal gives birth
Dog says: Woof!
Exercise 4: Multilevel Inheritance - Vehicle System
Create a Vehicle class with a method move(). Extend it into Car, and further extend ElectricCar
from Car. Implement methods to describe movement at each level.
Sample Input Sample Output
Vehicle moves
Creating an ElectricCar object Car drives
Electric Car moves silently
Exercise 5: Multilevel Inheritance - University System
Create a Person class with attributes name and age. Extend it into Student, adding id, and
further extend it into GraduateStudent, adding thesisTitle. Display details at each level.
Sample Input Sample Output
Enter name: Alice Name: Alice
Enter age: 23 Age: 23
Enter ID: 251-15-123 ID: 251-15-123
Enter thesis title: AI in Healthcare Thesis Title: AI in Healthcare
Exercise 6: Multilevel Inheritance - Employee Payroll
Create an Employee class with name and salary. Extend it into Manager, adding bonus, and
further extend into SeniorManager, adding stockOptions. Calculate total earnings.
Sample Input Sample Output
Name: Bob
Enter Name: Bob
Base Salary: 50000
Enter Salary: 50000
Bonus: 10000
Enter Bonus: 10000
Stock Options: 20000
Enter Stock Options: 20000
Total Earnings: 80000
Exercise 7: Multilevel Inheritance - Banking System
Create a Bank class with bankName. Extend it into Branch, adding branchCode, and further
extend into Account, adding accountHolder and balance. Display account details.
Sample Input Sample Output
Enter Bank Name: XYZ Bank Bank: XYZ Bank
Enter Branch Code: 101 Branch Code: 101
Sample Input Sample Output
Enter Account Holder: David Account Holder: David
Enter Balance: 5000 Balance: 5000
Exercise 8: Method Overriding
Create a base class BankAccount with a method getInterestRate(). Extend it into SavingsAccount
and CurrentAccount, overriding the method to return different interest rates.
Sample Input Sample Output
Choose Account Type (1 for Savings, 2 for
Interest Rate: 5%
Current): 1
Choose Account Type (1 for Savings, 2 for
Interest Rate: 2%
Current): 2
Exercise 9: Method Overloading (Compile-time Polymorphism)
Write a program to calculate the area of a square and rectangle using method overloading.
Sample Input Sample Output
Enter side of square: 4 Area of Square: 16
Enter length: 5
Area of Rectangle: 15
Enter width: 3
Exercise 10: Runtime Polymorphism
Create a Shape class with a method draw(). Extend it into Circle and Rectangle, overriding
draw() to print different shapes.
Sample Input Sample Output
Choose Shape (1 for Circle, 2 for Rectangle): 1 Drawing a Circle
Choose Shape (1 for Circle, 2 for Rectangle): 2 Drawing a Rectangle
Exercise 11: Abstract Class
Create an abstract class Animal with an abstract method makeSound(). Implement it in Dog and
Cat classes.
Sample Input Sample Output
Choose Animal (1 for Dog, 2 for Cat): 1 Dog says: Woof!
Choose Animal (1 for Dog, 2 for Cat): 2 Cat says: Meow!
Exercise 12: Use of Final Keyword
Create a final class MathUtils with a method square(). Try to inherit it and observe the compiler
error.
Sample Input Sample Output
Enter a number: 5 Square of 5: 25
Exercise 13: Upcasting and Downcasting
Create a Parent class with a method show(). Extend it into a Child class. Demonstrate upcasting
(Parent p = new Child();) and downcasting (Child c = (Child) p;).
Sample Input Sample Output
Using upcasting Parent method called
Using downcasting Child method called
Exercise 14: Interface Implementation
Create an interface Playable with a method play(). Implement it in Music and Video classes.
Sample Input Sample Output
Choose media type (1 for Music, 2 for
Playing music...
Video): 1
Sample Input Sample Output
Choose media type (1 for Music, 2 for
Playing video...
Video): 2
