Detailed PL/SQL Syllabus
1. Introduction to PL/SQL
- What is PL/SQL?
- Advantages of PL/SQL
- Architecture of PL/SQL
- Types of PL/SQL Blocks: Anonymous Block, Named Block (Procedure, Function, Trigger)
2. PL/SQL Basics
- Variable and Constant Declarations
- Data Types in PL/SQL
- Operators: Arithmetic, Comparison, Logical
- Using DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE
3. Control Structures
- IF...THEN, IF...THEN...ELSE, IF...ELSIF...ELSE
- LOOP...EXIT WHEN, WHILE LOOP, FOR LOOP
- Best Practices: Exit Conditions, Avoiding Infinite Loops
4. Cursors
- Implicit and Explicit Cursors
- Cursor FOR Loops
- Cursor Attributes: %FOUND, %NOTFOUND, %ROWCOUNT, %ISOPEN
- Parameterized Cursors
5. Exception Handling
- Predefined and User-defined Exceptions
- EXCEPTION Block, WHEN OTHERS
- RAISE and RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR
6. Stored Procedures and Functions
- Creating Procedures and Functions
- IN, OUT, IN OUT Parameters
- Calling Procedures/Functions
- Difference between Procedure and Function
7. Packages
- Package Specification and Body
- Public vs. Private Elements
- Advantages: Modularity, Performance, Security
8. Triggers
- DML Triggers: BEFORE, AFTER, INSTEAD OF
- Row-level vs. Statement-level Triggers
- Creating Triggers and Practical Use Cases
- Enabling/Disabling Triggers
9. PL/SQL Collections
- PL/SQL Records
- Associative Arrays, Nested Tables, VARRAYs
- Looping Through Collections: FOR, FIRST, LAST, COUNT, NEXT
10. Advanced PL/SQL
- Dynamic SQL with EXECUTE IMMEDIATE
- Bulk Collect and FORALL
- Performance Tips: Avoid Context Switching, Use Collections Wisely
11. Database Interaction
- Transaction Control: COMMIT, ROLLBACK, SAVEPOINT
- Autonomous Transactions
- Using SQL in PL/SQL: DML and SELECT
12. Real-time Use Cases & Best Practices
- Modular Coding with Packages and Procedures
- Logging and Debugging Techniques
- Exception Logging
- Security Practices: Avoid SQL Injection, Invoker/Definer Rights