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Logic of Computer

Computer architecture is the conceptual design and structure of a computer system, crucial for efficient data processing, system design, and software development. It includes major components such as the CPU, memory unit, input/output units, and system bus, which facilitate communication and data exchange. Understanding these components is essential for optimizing performance and compatibility with software.

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34 views2 pages

Logic of Computer

Computer architecture is the conceptual design and structure of a computer system, crucial for efficient data processing, system design, and software development. It includes major components such as the CPU, memory unit, input/output units, and system bus, which facilitate communication and data exchange. Understanding these components is essential for optimizing performance and compatibility with software.

Uploaded by

bc220207188siq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1.

Definition and Importance

Computer architecture refers to the conceptual design and fundamental operational structure of a

computer system. It defines how a computer system is organized and how various components

communicate and interact.

Design, on the other hand, involves the detailed implementation and physical construction of these

architectural models.

Importance:

- Enables efficient data processing

- Helps in designing faster and cost-effective systems

- Essential for software development and system programming

- Supports innovation in processor and memory technologies

- Influences performance, power consumption, and cost of devices

Computer architecture also affects the compatibility of operating systems and application software

with the hardware. Understanding architectural features helps developers optimize code for speed,

memory usage, and parallelism.

2. Major Components of Computer Architecture

a) Central Processing Unit (CPU)

- Often called the brain of the computer

- Composed of Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), Control Unit (CU), and Registers

- Performs computations and controls instructions

b) Memory Unit

- Stores data and instructions temporarily or permanently

- Types: RAM, ROM, Cache, Virtual Memory


- Plays a key role in system performance

c) Input/Output Units (I/O)

- Handle data exchange between computer and external environment

- Examples: Keyboard, Mouse, Monitor, Printer

- Includes I/O interfaces and controllers

d) System Bus

- Transfers data between CPU, memory, and I/O devices

- Includes address bus, data bus, and control bus

- Backbone of internal communication

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