TS Intermediate Maths 1B – Locus
Chapter
📘 Loci – Important Detailed Notes
✳️Definition of Locus:
A locus is the set of all points that satisfy a particular condition or a set of conditions.
✳️Basic Locus Rules (Standard Results):
1. 1. Distance from a Fixed Point → Circle: √((x - a)² + (y - b)²) = r
2. 2. Equidistant from Two Points → Perpendicular Bisector: PA = PB
3. 3. Equidistant from Two Intersecting Lines → Angle Bisector
4. 4. Constant Sum of Distances from Two Points → Ellipse
5. 5. Constant Difference of Distances from Two Points → Hyperbola
✳️Procedure to Find Locus:
6. 1. Assume coordinates of the moving point as (x, y)
7. 2. Translate the given geometrical condition into a mathematical equation.
8. 3. Simplify the equation to find the required locus.
✳️Important Formulae:
- Distance: √((x₂ - x₁)² + (y₂ - y₁)²)
- Midpoint: ((x₁ + x₂)/2, (y₁ + y₂)/2)
- Section Formula: ((mx₂ + nx₁)/(m + n), (my₂ + ny₁)/(m + n))
📚 Previous Year Questions (PYQs) – With Solutions
9. 1. Find the locus of a point equidistant from the points A(1, 0) and B(–1, 0).
Let the point be P(x, y). Given PA = PB ⇒ √((x - 1)² + y²) = √((x + 1)² + y²)
Squaring both sides and simplifying: x = 0
Answer: The required locus is x = 0 (a straight line)
10. 2. Find the locus of a point which moves such that its distance from the point (0, 0) is 5
units.
Let point be P(x, y). Given √(x² + y²) = 5 ⇒ x² + y² = 25
Answer: Circle with center (0, 0) and radius 5
11. 3. Find the locus of a point which is equidistant from the lines y = x and y = -x.
Distance from y = x is |x - y|/√2 and from y = -x is |x + y|/√2
Equating: |x - y| = |x + y| ⇒ xy = 0
Answer: The locus is x-axis and y-axis ⇒ xy = 0
✅ 10 EAPCET MCQs – With Detailed Solutions
12. 1. The locus of a point at a constant distance from a fixed point is:
A) Line
B) Circle ✅
C) Parabola
D) Ellipse
Solution: It defines a circle.
13. 2. If a point is equidistant from A(2,3) and B(–2,3), its locus is:
A) x = 0 ✅
B) y = 3
C) x = 2
D) y = 0
Solution: The perpendicular bisector of AB lies at x = 0.
14. 3. Locus of a point whose sum of distances from two fixed points is constant:
A) Circle
B) Parabola
C) Ellipse ✅
D) Hyperbola
Solution: Defined as an ellipse.
15. 4. If the distance of point (x, y) from (3, 0) is equal to 5, then locus is:
A) (x - 3)^2 + y^2 = 25 ✅
B) x^2 + y^2 = 25
C) x^2 - 6x + 9 + y^2 = 25
D) None
Solution: Applies distance formula from fixed point.
16. 5. Set of all points equidistant from x-axis and y-axis is:
A) x = y
B) x = -y
C) Both A and B ✅
D) None
Solution: These are the angle bisectors.
17. 6. Find the locus of point P such that PA = PB, where A(0,0), B(0,4):
A) x = 2
B) y = 2 ✅
C) x = 4
D) y = 0
Solution: Lies on the perpendicular bisector y = 2.
18. 7. The equation x² + y² = 9 represents a:
A) Line
B) Circle ✅
C) Ellipse
D) None
Solution: Standard form of a circle.
19. 8. If |x - y| = |x + y|, then:
A) x = 0
B) y = 0
C) xy = 0 ✅
D) x = y
Solution: Solution leads to xy = 0.
20. 9. A point is equidistant from A(0,2) and x-axis. Then locus is:
A) y = 1
B) y = 2
C) y = 1 or y = 2
D) y = 1 or y = 3 ✅
Solution: Use distance formula, solve: |y| = |y - 2| ⇒ y = 1 or 3
21. 10. Point divides line joining A(2, 0) and B(0, 2) in 1:1 ratio:
A) x + y = 2 ✅
B) x - y = 2
C) x = y
D) x² + y² = 4
Solution: Using section formula and verifying line equation.
