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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

RAJARAJESWARICOLLEGEOFENGINEERING
No:14,RamohalliCross,Kumbalgodu,MysoreRoad,Bangalore-560074

AMANUALFOR

MICROCONTROLLERS&EMBEDDEDSYSTEM
(BCO601)

BE–VISemester

PREPAREDBY

Mrs.SUPRAJAM
AssistantProfessor
Dept.ofComputerScience&EngineeringR.R.C.
E,Bangalore

DEPARTMENTOFCOMPUTERSCIENCE&ENGINEERING
[IoT,CybersecurityincludingBlockchainTechnology]
2024-25

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

Introduction:
Anembeddedsystemisanelectronic/electromechanicalsystemdesignedtoperformaspecificfunctionan
disacombinationofbothhardwareandfirmware(software).Anembeddedsystemcombinesmechanical,
electrical,andchemicalcomponentsalongwithacomputer,hiddeninside,toperformasinglededicatedpu
rpose.
Therearemorecomputersonthisplanetthantherearepeople,andmostofthesecomputersaresingle-
chipmicrocontrollersthatarethebrainsofanembeddedsystem.Embeddedsystemsareaubiquitouscomp
onentofoureverydaylives.Weinteractwithhundredsoftinycomputerseverydaythatareembeddedintoo
urhouses,ourcars,ourbridges,ourtoys,andourwork.Asourworldhasbecomemorecomplex,sohavethec
apabilitiesofthemicrocontrollersembeddedintoourdevices.Therefore,theworldneedsatrainedworkfor
cetodevelopandmanageproductsbasedonembeddedmicrocontrollers.

Ageneral-purposecomputingsystemisacombinationofgenerichardwareandgeneral-
purposeoperatingsystemforexecutingavarietyofapplication,whereasanembeddedsystemisacombinat
ionsystemisacombinationofspecialpurposehardwareandembeddedOS/firmwareforexecutingaspecif
icsetofapplications.

TheARMmicrocontrollerstandsforAdvanceRiskMachine;itisoneoftheextensiveandmostlicensedpro
cessorcoresintheworld.ThefirstARMprocessorwasdevelopedintheyear1978byCambridgeUniversity
,andthefirstARMRISCprocessorwasproducedbytheAcornGroupofComputersintheyear1985.
Theseprocessorsarespecificallyusedinportabledeviceslikedigitalcameras,mobilephones,homenetw
orkingmodulesandwirelesscommunicationtechnologiesandotherembeddedsystemsduetothebenefits
,suchaslowpowerconsumption,reasonableperformance,etc.ThisarticlegivesanoverviewofARMarchi
tecturewitheachmodule’sprincipleofworking.

KeilMDKisthecompletesoftwaredevelopmentenvironmentforawiderangeofARMCortex-
Mbasedmicrocontrollerdevices.MDKincludestheµVisionIDEanddebugger,ArmC/C++compiler,an
dessentialmiddlewarecomponents.Itsupportsallsiliconvendorswithmorethan6,000devicesandiseasyt
olearnanduser.

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

FeaturesofARMProcessor
AIM:TostudyofARMprocessorsystemanddescribethefeaturesofarchitecture

FeaturesofARMDEVELOPMENTKITProcessor:

• 16-bit/32-bitARM7TDMI-SmicrocontrollerinatinyLQFP64package.8kBto40kBofon-
chipstaticRAMand32kBto512kBofon-chipflashmemory.128-
bitwideinterface/acceleratorenableshigh-speed60MHzoperation.InSystem/In-
ApplicationProgramming(ISP/IAP)viaon-chipbootloadersoftware.
• Singleflashsector/fullchiperasein400msandprogrammingof256bytesin1ms.USB2.0
Full-
speedcompliantdevicecontrollerwith2kBofendpointRAM.TheLPC2146/48provides8kB
ofon-chipRAMaccessibletoUSBbyDMA.
• Oneortwo(LPC2141/42vs.LPC2144/46/48)10-
bitADCsprovideatotalof6/14analoginputs,withconversiontimesaslowas2.44µsperchannel
.Single10-bitDACprovidesvariableanalogoutput(LPC2142/44/46/48only).Two32-
bittimers/externaleventcounters(withfourcaptureandfourcomparechannelseach),PWMun
it(sixoutputs)andwatchdog.
• LowpowerReal-
TimeClock(RTC)withindependentpowerand32kHzclockinput.Multipleserialinterfacesincl
udingtwoUARTs(16C550),twoFastI2Cbus(400kbit/s),SPIandSSPwithbufferingandvariab
ledatalengthcapabilities.
• VectoredInterruptController(VIC)withconfigurableprioritiesandvectoraddresses.Upto45
of
5VtolerantfastgeneralpurposeI/OpinsinatinyLQFP64package.Upto21externalsinterruptp
insavailable.
• 60MHzmaximumCPUclockavailablefromprogrammableon-
chipPLLwithsettlingtimeof100µs.On-
chipintegratedoscillatoroperateswithanexternalcrystalfrom1MHzto25MHzPowersaving
modesincludeIdleandPowerdown.
• Individualenable/disableofperipheralfunctionsaswellasperipheralclockscalingforaddition
al.Poweroptimization.Processorwake-upfromPower-
downmodeviaexternalinterruptorBOD.SinglepowersupplychipwithPORandBODcircuits
:CPUoperatingvoltagerangeof3.0Vto3.6V(3.3V±10%)with5VtolerantI/Opads.

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

GeneralBlockDiagram:

PowerSupply:
• TheexternalpowercanbeACorDC,withavoltagebetween(9V/12V,1Aoutput)at230VAC
input.
TheARMboardproduces+5VusinganLM7805voltageregulator,whichprovidessupplytothe
peripherals.
• LM1117Fixed+3.3Vpositiveregulatorusedforprocessor&processorrelatedperip
herals.
FlashProgrammingUtility
• NXP(Philips)NXPSemiconductorsproducearangeofMicrocontrollersthatfeaturebotho
n-chipFlashmemoryandtheabilitytobereprogrammedusingIn
SystemProgrammingtechnology.
PINDIAGRAM
• On-boardPeripherals:
• 8-Nos.ofPointLED’s(DigitalOutputs)
• 8-Nos.ofDigitalInputs(slideswitch)
• 2LinesX16CharacterLCDDisplay

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

• I2CEnabled4DigitSeven-segmentdisplay
• 128x64GraphicalLCDDisplay
• 4X4Matrixkeypad
• StepperMotorInterface

• 2Nos.RelayInterface
• TwoUARTforserialportcommunicationthroughPC
• SerialEEPROM
• On-chipRealTimeClockwithbatterybackup
• PS/2Keyboardinterface(Optional)
• TemperatureSensor
• Buzzer(AlarmInterface)
• TrafficLightModule(Optional)

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

SYLLABUS

Microcontrollers&EmbeddedSystems Semester 6
CourseCode BCO601 CIEMarks 50
TeachingHours/Week(L:T:P:S) 3:0:2:0 SEEMarks 50
TotalHoursofPedagogy 40hoursTheory+8-10Labslots TotalMarks 100
Credits 04 ExamHours 3
Examinationnature(SEE) Theory/practical
Sl.NO Experiments
1 Developaprogramtomultiplytwo16bitbinarynumbers.

2
Writeaprogramtofindthesumoffirst10integernumbers.
3
Writeaprogramtofindfactorialofanumber.
4
Writeaprogramtoaddanarrayof16bitnumbersandstorethe32bitresultininternalRAM
5
Writeaprogramtofindthesquareofanumber(1to10)usinglook-uptable.
6
Writeaprogramtofindthelargest/smallestnumberinanarrayof32numbers.
7
Display“HelloWorld”messageusingInternalUART.
8
InterfaceaSteppermotorandrotateitinclockwiseandanti-clockwisedirection
9 DisplaytheHexdigits0toFona7-segmentLEDinterface,withanappropriatedelayin
between
10 Interfacea4x4keyboardanddisplaythekeycodeonanLCD.

Courseoutcomes(CourseSkillSet):
Attheendofthecourse,thestudentwillbeableto:

● ExplainthearchitecturalfeaturesandinstructionsofARMmicrocontroller

● ApplytheknowledgegainedforProgrammingARMfordifferentapplications.

● DemonstrateInterfacingofexternaldevicesandI/OwithARMmicrocontroller.

● Interpretthebasichardwarecomponentsandtheirselectionmethodbasedonthecharacteristicsa
ndattributesofanembeddedsystem.

● Developthehardware/softwareco-designandfirmwaredesignapproaches.

AssessmentDetails(bothCIEandSEE)
TheweightageofContinuousInternalEvaluation(CIE)is50%andforSemesterEndExam(SEE)is50%.Theminimu
mpassingmarkfortheCIEis40%ofthemaximummarks(20marksoutof50)andfortheSEEminimumpassingmarkis
35%ofthemaximummarks(18outof50marks).Astudentshallbedeemedtohavesatisfiedtheacademicrequirement
sandearnedthecreditsallottedtoeachsubject/courseifthestudentsecuresaminimumof40%(40marksoutof100)int
hesumtotaloftheCIE(ContinuousInternalEvaluation)andSEE(SemesterEndExamination)takentogether.

CIEforthetheorycomponentoftheIPCC(maximummarks50)
IPCCmeanspracticalportionintegratedwiththetheoryofthecourse.
Dept.ofCSE[IC], R.R.C.E 2024-25 Page No:6
MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

● CIEmarksforthetheorycomponentare25marksandthatforthepracticalcomponentis25marks.
● 25marksforthetheorycomponentaresplitinto15marksfortwoInternalAssessmentTests(Two
Tests,eachof15Markswith01-
hourduration,aretobeconducted)and10marksforotherassessmentmethods mentionedin22OB4.2.Thefirsttestattheend
of40-50%coverageofthesyllabusandthesecondtestaftercovering85-90%ofthesyllabus.
Scaled-
downmarksofthesumoftwotestsandotherassessmentmethodswillbeCIEmarksforthetheorycomponentofIPCC(thatisfor25
marks).
Thestudenthastosecure40%of25markstoqualifyintheCIEofthetheorycomponentofIPCC.

CIEforthepracticalcomponentoftheIPCC
● 15marksfortheconductionoftheexperimentandpreparationoflaboratoryrecord,and10marksforthetesttobe
conductedafterthecompletionofallthelaboratorysessions.
● Oncompletionofeveryexperiment/programinthelaboratory,thestudentsshallbeevaluatedincludingviva-
voceandmarksshallbeawardedonthesameday.
● TheCIEmarksawardedinthecaseofthePracticalcomponentshallbebasedonthecontinuousevaluationofthelab
oratoryreport.Eachexperimentreportcanbeevaluatedfor10marks.Marksofallexperiments’write-
upsareaddedandscaleddownto15marks.
● Thelaboratorytest(duration02/03hours)aftercompletionofalltheexperimentsshallbeconductedfor50mark
sandscaleddownto10marks.
● Scaled-downmarksofwrite-
upevaluationsandtestsaddedwillbeCIEmarksforthelaboratorycomponentofIPCCfor25marks.
● Thestudenthastosecure40%of25markstoqualifyintheCIEofthepracticalcomponentoftheIPCC.
SEEforIPCC
TheorySEEwillbeconductedbyUniversityasperthescheduledtimetable,withcommonquestionpapersforthecour
se(duration03hours)
1. Thequestionpaperwillhavetenquestions.Eachquestionissetfor20marks.
2. Therewillbe2questionsfromeachmodule.Eachofthetwoquestionsunderamodule(witha maximum
of3sub-questions),shouldhaveamixoftopicsunderthatmodule.
3. Thestudentshavetoanswer5fullquestions,selectingonefullquestionfromeachmodule.
4. Marksscoredbythestudentshallbeproportionallyscaleddownto50Marks
ThetheoryportionoftheIPCCshallbeforbothCIEandSEE,whereasthepracticalportionwillhaveaCIEcomp
onentonly.QuestionsmentionedintheSEEpapermayincludequestionsfromthe
practicalcomponent.

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION 1
2. LABORATORYSESSION1–KEILINTRODUCTION 5
Experiments PageNo
SlNo.
PARTA
Writeaprogramtomultiplytwo16bitbinarynumbers. 11
1.
Writeaprogramtofindthesumoffirst10integernumbers. 13
2.
Writeaprogramtofindfactorialofanumber. 15
3.
Writeaprogramtoaddanarrayof16bitnumbersandstorethe32bitr 17
4.
esultininternalRAM
Writeaprogramtofindthesquareofanumber(1to10)usinglook- 19
5.
uptable.
Writeaprogramtofindthelargest/smallestnumberinanarrayof32 21
6.
numbers
PARTB

Display“HelloWorld”messageusingInternalUART. 28
7.
InterfaceaSteppermotorandrotateitinclockwiseandanti- 30
8.
clockwisedirection.
Interfacea4x4keyboardanddisplaythekeycodeonanLCD. 31
9.
DisplaytheHexdigits0toFona7- 33
10.
segmentLEDinterface,withanappropriatedelayinbetween.

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

PART-A

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

KEILUVISION4IDEINSTALLATION:
InstallationofkeiluVision4asfollows.
1. GotoEXEfolderandthenuvision4.2intheCDandrunKeil4Arm.exefile.
2. Next
3. Clickontheoption“Iagreetoallthetermsof...”andthengiveNext
4. Next
5. Givenameandthemailid(itmightbeanymailid)andthenNext
6. ClickFinishtocompletetheinstallation.

PROJECTCREATIONINKEILUV4IDE:

7. CreateaprojectfolderbeforecreatingNEWproject.
8. OpenKeiluVision4IDEsoftwarebydoubleclickingon“KeilUvision4”icon.
9. Goto“Project”thento“NewuVisionProject”andsaveitwithanameint
herespectiveprojectfolder,alreadyyoucreated.
10. Selectthedeviceas“NXP”Inthat“LPC2148”thenpressOK
andthenpress“YES”buttontoadd“startup’s”file.
11. InstartupfilegotoConfigurationWizard.InConfigurationWizard
windowuncheckPLLSetupandcheckVPBDIVSetup.
12. Goto“File”Inthat“New”toopenaneditorwindow.Createyoursourcefil
eandusetheheaderfile“lpc21xx.h”inthesourcefileandsavethefile.Col
oursyntaxhighlightingwillbeenabledoncethefileissavedwithaextens
ionsuchas“.C“.
13. Rightclickon“SourceGroup1”andselecttheoption“AddExistingF
ilestoGroupSourceGroup1“addthe*.csourcefile(s)/.SAssemblyf
iletothegroup.
14. AfteraddingthesourcefileyoucanseethefileinProjectWindow.
15. RightclickonTarget1andselectoptionsforTarget
1. Thengotooption“Linker”

DeSelect“UseMemoryLayoutforTargetDialog”.Tocomeoutofthiswindowpress
OK.
16. Goto“Project”inthat“BuildTarget”forbuildingallsourcefilessucha
s“.C”,”.ASM”,“.h”,files,etc…Thiswillcreatethe
*.HEXfileifnowarnings&noErrors.CheckouttheBuildoutputwindow.

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

Program1

Writeaprogramtomultiplytwo16bitbinarynumbers.

Aim:Towriteaprogramtomultiplytwo16bitbinarynumbersusingARM7TDMI/LPC2148usinganevaluationboard/
simulatorandtherequiredsoftwaretool.

SourceCode

AREAMULTIPLY,CODE,READONLY

ENTRY ;MARKFIRSTINSTRUCTIONTOEXECUTESTART

MOVR1,#6400 ;STOREFIRSTNUMBERINR1
MOVR2,#3200 ;STORESECONDNUMBERINR2
MULR3,R1,R2 ;MULTIPLICATION

STOPBSTOP

END ;MARKENDOFFILE

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

Result

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

Program2

Write aprogramtofindthesumoffirst10integernumbers.

Aim:Towriteaprogramtofindthesumoffirst10integernumbersusingARM7TDMI/LPC2148usinganevaluationb
oard/simulatorandtherequiredsoftwaretool.

SourceCode

AREASUM,CODE,READONLY

ENTRY

MOVR1,#10 ;LOAD10TOREGISTER

MOVR2,#0 ;EMPTYTHEREGISTERTOSTORERESULT

LOOP

ADDR2,R2,R1

;ADDTHECONTENTOFR1WITHRESULTATR2SUBSR1,#0X0

1 ;DECREMENTR1BY1

BNELOOP ;REPEATTILLR1GOES0

STOPBSTOP ;JUMPSBACKTOCCODE

END

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

Result

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

Program3
Writeaprogramtofindfactorialofanumber.

Aim:TowriteaprogramtofindfactorialofanumberusingARM7TDMI/LPC2148usinganevaluationboard/simulat
orandtherequiredsoftwaretool.

SourceCode

AREAFACTORIAL,CODE,READONLY

ENTRY

;MARKFIRSTINSTRUCTIONTOEXE

CUTESTART

MOVR0,#4 ;STOREFACTORIALNUMBERINR0
MOVR1,R0 ;MOVETHESAMENUMBERINR1

FACT SUBSR1,R1,#1
;SUBTRA
CTIONCMPR1,#1
;COMPA
RISONBEQSTOP
MULR3,R0,R1; ;MULTIPLICATION
MOV R0,R3 ;RESULT
BNEFACT ;BRANCHTOTHELOOPIFNOTEQUAL
STOP

STOPBSTOP

END ;MARKENDOFFILE

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

Result

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

Program4

Writeaprogramtoaddanarrayof16bitnumbersandstorethe32bitresultininternalRAM

Aim:Towriteaprogramtoaddanarrayof16bitnumbersandstorethe32bitresultininternalRAMusinganevaluationboar
d/simulatorandtherequiredsoftwaretool.

SourceCode

AREAADDITION,CODE,READONLY
ENTRY ;MARKFIRSTINSTRUCTIONTOEXECUTE

START

LOOP

MOVR5,#6 ;INTIALISECOUNTERTO6(I.E.N=6)
MOVR0,#0 ;INTIALISESUMTOZERO
LDRR1,=VALUE1 ;LOADSTHEADDRESSOFFISTVALUE
LDRR2,[R1],#2 ;WORDALIGNT0ARRAYELEMENT
LDRR3,MASK ;MASKTOGET16BIT
ANDR2,R2,R3 ;MASKMSB
ADDR0,R0,R2 ;ADDTHEELEMENTS
SUBSR5,R5,#1 ;DECREMENTCOUNTERCMPR5,#0
BNELOOP ;LOOKBACKTILLARRAYENDS
LDRR4,=RESULT ;LOADSTHEADDRESSOFRESULT
STRR0,[R4] ;STORESTHERESULTINR1

XSSBXSS

MASKDCD0X0000FFFF ;MASKMSB

VALUE1DCW 0X1111,0X2222,0X3333,0XAAAA,0XBBBB,0XCCCC

;ARRAYOF16BITNUMBERS(N=6)

AREADATA2,DATA,READWRITE ;TOSTORERESULTINGIVENADDRESS

RESULTDCD0X0

END ;MARKENDOFFILE

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

Result

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

Program5
Write a program to find the square of a number(1to10) using look-uptable.

Aim: To write a program to find the square of a number(1to10) using lookup table. Using
ARM7TDMI/LPC2148 using an evaluation board/simulator and there quired software tool.

SourceCode

AREA SQUARE, CODE, READONLY

ENTRY ;MARKFIRSTINSTRUCTIONTOEXECUTE

START

LDR R0, = TABLE1 ;LOADSTARTADDRESSOFLOOKUPTABLE

LDR R1,= 3 ; LOAD NO WHOSE SQUARE IS TO BE FIND
MOVR1,R1,LSL#0X2 ;GENERATEADDRESSCORRESPONDINGTOSQUAREOFGIVENNO
ADDR0,R0,R1 ;LOADADDRESSOFELEMENTINLOOKUPTABLE
LDRR3, [R0] ;GETSQUAREOFGIVENNOINR3

STOPBSTOP

;LOOKUPTABLECONTAINSSQUARESOFNOSFROM0 TO 10 (IN HEX)

TABLE1 DCD 0X000 ;SQUAREOF 0=0

DCD 0X00000001 ;SQUAREOF
DCD 0X00000004 ;SQUAREOF 2=4
DCD 0X00000009 ;SQUAREOF 3=9
DCD 0X00000010 ;SQUAREOF4=16
DCD 0X00000019 ;SQUAREOF5=25
DCD 0X00000024 ;SQUAREOF6=36
DCD 0X00000031 ;SQUAREOF7=49
DCD 0X00000040 ;SQUAREOF8=64
DCD 0X00000051 ;SQUAREOF9=81
DCD 0X00000064 ;SQUARE OF 10=100

END ;MARKENDOFFILE

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

Result

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 MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

Program 6
Write a program to find the largest/smallest number in an array of 32numbers.

Aim: To write a program to find the largest/smallest number in an array of 32 numbers usingARM7TDMI/LPC2148
using an evaluation board/simulator and the required software tool.

SourceCode

ARELARGEST,CODE,READONLY

ENTRY ;MARKFIRSTINSTRUCTIONTOEXECUTE

START
MOVR5,#6 ;INTIALISECOUNTERTO6(I.E.N=7)
LDRR1,=VALUE1 ;LOADSTHEADDRESSOFFIRSTVALUE
LDRR2,[R1],#4 ;WORDALIGNT0ARRAYELEMENT
LOOP
LDRR4,[R1],#4 ;WORDALIGNT0ARRAYELEMENT
CMP R2,R4 ;COMPARENUMBERS
BHILOOP1 ;IFTHEFIRSTNUMBERIS>THENGOTOLOOP1

MOVR2,R4 ;IFTHEFIRSTNUMBERIS<THENMOVCONTENTR4TOR2
LOOP1
SUBSR5,R5,#1 ;DECREMENTCOUNTER
CMP R5,#0 ;COMPARECOUNTERTO0
BNELOOP ;LOOPBACKTILLARRAYENDS

LDRR4,=RESULT ;LOADSTHEADDRESSOFRESULT
STR R2,[R4] ;STORESTHERESULTINR2

XSSBXSS ;ARRAYOF32BITNUMBERS(N=7)

VALUE1
DCD 0X44444444
DCD 0X22222222
DCD 0X11111111
DCD 0X33333333
DCD 0XAAAAAAAA
DCD 0X88888888
DCD 0X99999999

AREA DATA2,DATA,READWRITE
;TOSTORERESULTINGIVENADD
RESS RESULT DCD 0X0

END ;MARKENDOFFILE

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

Result:

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 MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

SmallestNumber
SourceCode

AREASMALLEST,CODE,READONLY

ENTRY ;MARKFIRSTINSTRUCTIONTOEXECUTE

START
MOVR5,#6 ;INTIALISECOUNTERTO6(I.E.N=7)
LDRR1,=VALUE1 ;LOADSTHEADDRESSOFFIRSTVALUE
LDRR2,[R1],#4 ;WORDALIGNT0ARRAYELEMENT
LOOP
LDRR4,[R1],#4 ;WORDALIGNT0ARRAYELEMENT
CMP R2,R4 ;COMPARENUMBERS
BLS LOOP1 ;IFTHEFIRSTNUMBERIS<THENGOTOLOOP1

MOVR2,R4 ;IFTHEFIRSTNUMBERIS>THENMOVCONTENTR4TOR2
LOOP1
SUBSR5,R5,#1 ;DECREMENTCOUNTER
CMP R5,#0 ;COMPARECOUNTERTO0
BNELOOP ;LOOPBACKTILLARRAYENDS

LDRR4,=RESULT ;LOADSTHEADDRESSOFRESULT
STR R2,[R4] ;STORESTHERESULTINR2

XSSBXSS ;ARRAYOF32BIT NUMBERS(N=7)

VALUE1
DCD 0X44444444
DCD 0X22222222
DCD 0X11111111
DCD 0X33333333
DCD 0XAAAAAAAA
DCD 0X8888888
DCD 0X99999999

AREA DATA2,DATA,READWRITE
;TOSTORERESULTINGIVE
NADDRESS RESULT DCD 0X0
END ;MARKENDOF FILE

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

Result

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

PART-B

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

PROCEDURE:PROJECTCREATIONINKEILUV4IDE:
1. CreateaprojectfolderbeforecreatingNEWproject.
2. OpenKeiluVision4IDEsoftwarebydouble clickingon“KeilUvision4”icon.
3. Goto“Project”thento“NewuVisionProject”andsave it withaname intherespectiveproject
folder, already you created.
4. Select thedeviceas“NXP”Inthat “LPC2148”thenpressOK andthenpress “YES”buttontoadd
“startup.s” file.
5. InstartupfilegotoConfigurationWizard.InConfigurationWizardwindowuncheckPLLSetup
andcheckVPBDIVSetup.
6. Goto“File”Inthat“New”toopenaneditorwindow.Createyoursource fileand usetheheaderfile
“lpc21xx.h” inthesourcefileandsavethe file. Colorsyntaxhighlighting willbeenabledoncethefile is
saved with a extension such as “.C “.
7. Right clickon“SourceGroup1”andselecttheoption“Add ExistingFilestoGroupSourceGroup
1“add the *.C source file(s) to the group.
8. AfteraddingthesourcefileyoucanseethefileinProjectWindow.
9. Thengoto“Project”inthat“Translate”tocompiletheFile(s).CheckouttheBuild outputwindow.
10. RightclickonTarget1andselectoptionsforTargetTarget1. Thengotooption“Target”inthat
1. Xtal12.0MHz
2. Select“UseMicroLIB”.
3. SelectIROM1(starting0x0size0x80000).
4. Select IRAM1(starting0x40000000size0x8000).

1. Thengotooption “Output”
1. Select“CreateHexfile”.
2. Thengotooption“Linker”

Select“UseMemoryLayoutforTargetDialog”.TocomeoutofthiswindowpressOK.

11. Goto“Project”inthat “BuildTarget”forbuildingallsourcefilessuchas“.C”,”.ASM”,“.h”,files,

etc…This will create the *.HEX file if no warnings & no Errors. Check out the Build output
window.

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

FLASHMAGIC:

Options->Advancedoptions->HardwareConfig
Enabletheseoptionsonly
UseDTRandRTSto controlRST
andISPpinKeepRTSassertedwhileCOMportopen Press OK then do the
below settings

Step1. Communications:
1. Device: LPC2148
2. ComPort:COM1
3. BaudRate:9600
4. Interface:None(ISP)
5. Oscillator: 12MHz

Step2. ERASE:
1.Select“EraseBlocksUsed ByHexFile”.

Step3.Hexfile:

1.BrowseandselecttheHexfilewhichyouwanttodownload.

Step4. Options
1. Select“Verifyafter programming”.

Step5.Start:
2. ClickStarttodownloadthehexfiletothe controller.

Afterdownloadingthecodetheprogramstartsexecutinginthe hardware, thenremovethe

ISP jumper JP7.

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 MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual
LabPrograms

7.Display “Hello World” message using Internal UART.

Sourcecode
#include<lpc214x.h>
voiduart_interrupt(void)irq;

unsignedchar temp;
unsignedcharrx_flag=0,tx_flag=0;

intmain(void)
{
PINSEL0=0X0000005; //selectTXD0andRXD0 lines
U0LCR=0X00000083; //enablebaudratedivisorloadingand
U0DLM=0X00; //selectthedataformat
U0DLL = 0x13; //selectbaudrate9600bps
U0LCR= 0X00000003;
U0IER=0X03; //selectTransmitandReceiveinterrupt

VICVectAddr0=(unsignedlong)uart_interrupt; //UART0 INTERRUPT

VICVectCntl0= 0x20|6; //AssigntheVICchanneluart-0tointerruptpriority0
VICIntEnable=0x00000040; //Enabletheuart-0interrupt

rx_flag=0x00;
tx_flag=0x00;

while(1)
{
while(rx_flag==0x00); //wait forreceiveflagtoset
rx_flag=0x00; //cleartheflag
while(tx_flag==0x00); //waitfortransmitflagtoset
tx_flag= 0x00; //cleartheflag
}
}

//Dothisforever
voiduart_interrupt(void)irq
{
temp= U0IIR;
temp=temp&0x06;

if(temp== 0x02)
{

tx_flag = 0xff;
VICVectAddr=0;
}

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 MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

elseif(temp==0x04)
{
U0THR = U0RBR;
rx_flag = 0xff;
VICVectAddr=0;
}
}

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

8.Interface a stepper motor and rotate it in clockwise and anti-closewise

direction

Sourcecode

#include<LPC214X.h>v

oiddelay();

voiddelay()//DelayRoutine

inti,j;for(i=0;i<0xff;i++

)for(j=0;j<0x25;j++);

intmain()

{
IO0DIR=0x000F0000;//Portselectionwh

ile(1)

{//Anticlockwiserotation.

IO0PIN=0x00010000;//ForClkwisesend1,2,4,8insteadof8,4,2,1delay();

IO0PIN=0x00020000;

delay();IO0PIN=0x00040

000;

delay();IO0PIN=0x00080

000;

delay();

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

9. Display theHexdigits0toFona7Segmant LED interface,with an appropriate

delay in between.

SourceCode

#include<LPC214x.h>vo

iddelay()

unsignedinti,j;for(i=0;i<0xFF;i

++)

for(j=0;j<0xFF;j++);

voidmain()

unsignedintnumber=0x00;IO0DIR=0x0000007C;//

P0.2,3,4,5,6ASI/OPINS

IO0SET=0x0000007C;//SETALLI/OPINSTOHIGH

while(1)

IO0CLR=0x0000003C;//CLEARONLYDATAPINSNOTCONTROLPINIO0SET=IO0SET|(n

umber<<2);//SETP0.2TO0

delay();

delay();

while(IO0PIN&0x00008000);//IFP0.15ISPRESSEDwhile(!(IO0PIN&

0x00008000));//IFP0.15ISRELEASEDnumber++;//INCREMENTTHE

NUMBER

if(number>9)//NUMBERCROSSES9

number=0x00;//MAKENUMBERTO0

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

10.Interfacea4*4keyboardanddisplaythekeycodeonanLCD.

Sourcecode

#include<LPC214x.H>/*LPC214xdefinitions*/#include

"LCD.H"

voidlcd_command_write(unsignedcharcommand);voidl

cd_data_write(unsignedchardata);

#defineLCD_DATA_DIRIO0DIR#defi

neLCD_DATA_SETIO0SET#defineLC

D_DATA_CLRIO0CLR#defineLCD_C

TRL_DIRIO0DIR#defineLCD_CTRL_

SETIO0SET#defineLCD_CTRL_CLRI

O0CLR#defineLCDEN(1<<2)

#defineLCDRS(1<<3)

//scale31,30,29,28,27,26,25,24,23,22,21,20,19,18,17,16,15,14,13,12,11,10,09,08,07,06,05,04,03,02,01,0
0

#defineLCD_DATA_MASK0x007F8000

/****************************************************************************F

unctionName:delay()

Description:

Input:

Output:void

********************************************************************************/voi

ddelay(unsignedintcount)

intj=0,i=0;for(j=0;j<count;j++)

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

for(i=0;i<120;i++);

/*********************************************************************************
***********

FunctionName:lcd_command_write()D

escription:

Input:

Output:Void

**********************************************************************************
***********/

voidlcd_command_write(unsignedcharcommand)

inta=0;

a=command|0xFFFFFF0F;IO0

CLR|=0x00003C00;a=a<<6;

IO0CLR=0x20400000;IO0SE

T=0x10000000;

IO0SET=(IO0SET|0x00003c00)&a;

delay(1000);

IO0CLR=0x10000000;

a=0x0;command=command<<

4;

a=command|0xFFFFFF0F;IO0

CLR|=0x00003C00;a=a<<6;

IO0CLR=0x20400000;

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

IO0SET=0x10000000;

IO0SET=(IO0SET|0x00003C00)&a;

delay(1000);

IO0CLR=0x10000000;

/*********************************************************************************
*************

FunctionName:lcd_data_write()Descrip

tion:

Input:

Output:Void

**********************************************************************************
***********/

voidlcd_data_write(unsignedchardata)

intb=0;

b=data|0xFFFFFF0F;IO0CLR|

=0x00003C00;b=b<<6;

IO0SET=0x10400000;

IO0SET=(IO0SET|0x00003C00)&b;

delay(1000);

IO0CLR=0x10000000;

b=0x0;data=data<<4;

b=data|0xFFFFFF0F;

IO0CLR|=0x00003C00;b=b<<

6;

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

IO0SET=0x10400000;

IO0SET=(IO0SET|0x00003C00)&b;

delay(1000);

IO0CLR=0x10000000;

/*********************************************************************************
*************

FunctionName:lcd_clear()Des

cription:

Input:

Output:Void

**********************************************************************************
***********/

voidlcd_clear(void)

lcd_command_write(0x01);

/*********************************************************************************
*************

FunctionName:lcd_gotoxy()D

escription:

Input:

Output:Void

**********************************************************************************
***********/

intlcd_gotoxy(unsignedcharx,unsignedchary)

unsignedcharretval=TRUE;if((

x>1)&&(y>15))

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

retval=FALSE;

else

if(x==0)lcd_command_write(0x80+y);elseif(x=

=1)lcd_command_write(0xC0+y);

returnretval;

/*********************************************************************************
*************

FunctionName:lcd_putchar()D

escription:

Input:

Output:Void

**********************************************************************************
***********/

voidlcd_putchar(unsignedcharc)

lcd_data_write(c);

/*********************************************************************************
*************

FunctionName:lcd_putstring()De

scription:

Input:

Output:Void

**********************************************************************************
***********/

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

voidlcd_putstring(char*string)

while(*string!='\0')

lcd_putchar(*string);strin

g++;

/*********************************************************************************
*************

FunctionName:lcd_putstring16()Descri

ption:

Input:

Output:Void

**********************************************************************************
***********/

voidlcd_putstring16(unsignedcharline,char*string)

unsignedcharlen=16;lcd_gotox

y(line,0);while(*string!='\0'&

&len--)

lcd_putchar(*string);strin

g++;

/*********************************************************************************
*************

FunctionName:init_lcd()

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

Description:

Input:

Output:Void

**********************************************************************************
***********/

voidinit_lcd(void)

{IO0DIR=0x30403C00

delay(100);

lcd_command_write(0x02);//cursorhomecommandlcd_command_write(0x01);/

/cleardisplaycommandlcd_command_write(0x28);//4-

bitmodeentrycommand(0x38for8bitmode)lcd_command_write(0x06);//entrym

odecommandlcd_command_write(0x0C);//displayoncursoroffcommand

//cmd(0xC0);delay(1000)

intmain(void)
{
init_lcd();

lcd_clear();lcd_putstring("Hello,laks")
;lcd_gotoxy(1,0);lcd_putstring("LPC
2148LCD");

while(1);

return0;
}

LCD.H
//LCDHEADERFILE//

#ifndef_LCD_H#

define_LCD_H

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MICROCONTROLLERS & EMBEDDED SYSTEM Lab Manual

#defineTRUE1

#defineFALSE0#defin

eLINE10x80#defineLI

NE20xC0

#defineCONTROL_REG0x00

#defineDATA_REG0x01voidd

elay(unsignedintcount);voidinit

_lcd(void);

voidlcd_putstring(char*string);

voidlcd_putstring16(unsignedcharline,char*string);void

lcd_clear(void);

intlcd_gotoxy(unsignedcharx,unsignedchary);voidlcd

_putchar(unsignedcharc);

#endif

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