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Introduction To Variables in CPP

The document introduces variables in C++, describing them as containers in memory for storing data with specific names and types. It outlines basic variable types such as int, float, double, char, bool, short, long, and string, along with their sizes and example values. Additionally, it explains the importance of variables in programming for storing, reusing, and manipulating data, using a real-life analogy for clarity.

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26 views3 pages

Introduction To Variables in CPP

The document introduces variables in C++, describing them as containers in memory for storing data with specific names and types. It outlines basic variable types such as int, float, double, char, bool, short, long, and string, along with their sizes and example values. Additionally, it explains the importance of variables in programming for storing, reusing, and manipulating data, using a real-life analogy for clarity.

Uploaded by

ghatiyainsaan69
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Variables in C++

What is a Variable?

A variable is like a container in memory where you store some data. You give it a name and a type,

so the computer knows what kind of data you're storing.

Basic Types of Variables in C++

Type | What it stores | Example values | Size (approx.)

----------|----------------------------|---------------------|----------------

int | Integer numbers | -5, 0, 10, 1000 | 4 bytes

float | Decimal numbers (less precise) | 3.14, -1.5 | 4 bytes

double | Decimal numbers (more precise) | 3.14159, 2.718 | 8 bytes

char | A single character | 'a', 'Z', '9' | 1 byte

bool | True or False | true, false | 1 byte

short | Smaller integer | -32768 to 32767 | 2 bytes

long | Larger integer | Very large numbers | 4 or 8 bytes

string | A text | "Hello" | Varies

Example Code:

#include <iostream>

#include <string>

using namespace std;

int main() {

int age = 20;

float height = 5.9;

double pi = 3.14159;
char grade = 'A';

bool isPassed = true;

short temp = -15;

long population = 7800000000;

string name = "Ali";

cout << "Name: " << name << endl;

cout << "Age: " << age << endl;

cout << "Height: " << height << endl;

cout << "Grade: " << grade << endl;

cout << "Passed? " << isPassed << endl;

cout << "Population: " << population << endl;

return 0;

Why Do We Use Variables in Programming?

Imagine you're baking a cake. You need to store ingredients like sugar, flour, and eggs. If you keep

everything in one bowl without labels, it gets confusing. Instead, you label each container. Variables

are like those labeled containers in your program.

Reasons to Use Variables:

1. Store and reuse values

2. Change values easily

3. Accept user input

4. Do calculations

5. Make your code readable

Think of variables as: "Named memory locations" that hold data you want to use or change.
Real-life analogy:

Real World | Programming Equivalent

------------------------|-------------------------

Calculator's memory | int result = 0;

Label on a box | Variable name

Value inside the box | Data stored in variable

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