National Standard of the People’s Republic of China
Quality Carbon Structural Steels
GB/T 699-1999
Substitute GB/T 699-1999
1. Scope
This standard specifies the dimensions, contour, weight, permissible deviations, technical
requirements, testing methods, inspection rules, packaging, markings and quality certificate etc.
of the hot-rolled and forged quality carbon structural steels.
This standard is suitable for the quality carbon structural steel bars, of which the diameter or
thickness not exceeding 250mm. By negotiating between the supplier and the purchaser, quality
carbon structural steel bars, of which the diameter or thickness exceeding 250 mm, can also be
supplied.
The brand and chemical compositions specified in this standard can also be suitable for ingot
steels, billet steels and their products.
2. Quoted Standards
Articles contained in the following standards constitute the articles of this standard by
quoting them for this standard. When this standard is published, all of the indicated versions are
valid. All the standards may be revised. Users of this standard shall inquire into the possibility of
using the newest version of the following standards.
GB/T 222-1984 Sampling method of testing samples for chemical analysis of steels and
permissible deviations for chemical composition of finished steel products.
GB/T 224-1987 Measuring method for depth of decarbonized layer of steels
GB/T 226-1991 Etch testing method for macroscopic structure and defects of the steels
GB/T 228-1987 Method for tensile test of metals
GB/T 229-1994 Method for Charpy notch impact test of metals
GB/T 231-1984 Method for Brinell hardness of metals
GB/T 233-1982 Method for up-set test of metals
GB/T 702-1986 Dimensions, contour, weight and permissible deviations of hot rolled round steels
and square steels
GB/T 908-1987 Dimensions, contour, weight and permissible deviations of forged round steels
and square steels
GB/T 1979-1980 Evaluation grade diagram of macroscopic structural defects of steel structures
GB/T 2101-1989 General stipulation for acceptance, packaging, makings and quality certificate of
the shape steels
GB/T 2975-1998 Sampling location and sample preparation for mechanical performance test of
steels and steel products
GB/T 4336-1984 Methods of photo-electronic emitting spectrum analysis for carbon steels and
medium/low carbon steel alloy
GB/T 6397-1986 Samples for tensile test of metals
GB/T 7736-1987 Ultrasonic detect method for macroscopic structures of steels
GB/T 10561-1989 Microscopic evaluating method of non metallic impurities
GB/T 17616-1998 Unified figurative code for brands of iron and steels and alloy products
GB/T 13299-1991 Evaluating method for microscopic structures of steels
GB/T 15711-1995 Etch testing method for tower-shape patterns in steels
GB/T 17505-1998 General technical requirement for deliver of steels and steel products
YB/T 5148-1993 Measuring method for mean crystal grain fineness of metals
See Appendix A (appendix of this Standard) for the quoted standards for the chemical
analysis method of the elements in the steels.
Approved by the state Quality & Technique Supervision Bureau on 1999-11-01
Implemented since 2000-08-01
3. Contents for Ordering
Contracts or orders made according to this standard shall include the following contends:
a) Standard No;
b) Name of product
c) Brand or unified figurative code;
d) Weight (quantity) of the delivered steels;
e) Specification and accuracy class of dimensions;
f) Fabrication method to be adopted;
g) Delivery state;
h) Impact test (As per 6.4.1 when requested);
i) Upsetting test (As per 6.5 when requested);
j) Non-metal inclusions (As per 6.7 when requested);
k) Decarbonized layer (As per 6.8 when requested);
l) Special requirement (As per 6.10 when requested)
4. Classification & Codes
4.1 According to metallurgical quality, steel products are classified as:
Quality steel
High grade quality steel A
Super fine quality steel E
4.2 According to the working method, steel products are divided into two categories:
a) Steels for press working UP
Steels for hot press working UHP
Steels for upsetting UF
Steels for cold drawing billet UCD
b) Steels for cutting working UC
5. Dimension, contour, weight & permissible Deviations
5.1 Dimensions, contour, weight & its permissible deviations of hot-rolled round steels, and
square steels shall be in accordance with the relevant stipulations in GB/T 702, the concrete
requirement shall be stated in the contract.
5.2 Dimensions, contour, weight & its permissible deviations of forged round steels and square
steels shall be in accordance with the relevant stipulations in GB/T 908, the concrete
requirement shall be stated in the contract.
5.3 Dimensions, contour, weight & its permissible deviations of steels with other cross-section
shape shall be in accordance with the stipulations in corresponding standards.
6. Technical Requirement
6.1 Brand, code and chemical compositions
6.1.1 Brand, code and chemical compositions (smelting analysis) shall be in accordance with the
stipulations in Table 1.
[Link] Sulphur and phosphur content in steels shall be in accordance with the stipulations
in Table 2.
[Link] Copper of content in steels smelted with scrap steels shall not exceed 0.30%.
[Link] Copper of content in steels for hot pres- working shall not exceed 0.20%.
[Link] In 35~85 steels for the lead-bath hardening steel wires, manganese content shall be
0.30%~0.60%; chromium content shall not exceed 0.10%; nickel content shall not
exceed 0.15% and copper contend shall not exceed 0.20%; Sulphur and phosphor
content shall be in accordance with the standard requirement of steel wires.
[Link] In killed steels smelt with deoxidized aluminum for 08 steel, lower limit of
manganese content shall be 0.25%; silicon content shall not exceed 0.03%;
aluminum content shall be 0.02%~0.07%. In this time, the steel brand is 08 A1.
[Link] In killed steels smelt with deoxidized aluminum for 08 steel, lower limit of
manganese content shall be 0.25%; silicon content shall not exceed 0.03%;
aluminum content shall be 0.02%~0.07%. In this time, the steel brand is 08 A1.
Table 1
Unified Chemical composition, %
No. figurative Brand Cr Ni Cu
C Si Mn
code Not more than
1 U20080 08F 0.05~0.11 ≤0.03 0.25~0.50 0.10 0.30 0.25
2 U20100 10F 0.07~0.13 ≤0.07 0.25~0.50 0.15 0.30 0.25
3 U20150 15F 0.12~0.18 ≤0.07 0.25~0.50 0.25 0.30 0.25
4 U20082 08 0.05~0.11 0.17~0.37 0.35~0.65 0.10 0.30 0.25
5 U20102 10 0.07~0.13 0.17~0.37 0.35~0.65 0.15 0.30 0.25
6 U20152 15 0.12~0.18 0.17~0.37 0.35~0.65 0.25 0.30 0.25
7 U20202 20 0.17~0.23 0.17~0.37 0.35~0.65 0.25 0.30 0.25
8 U20252 25 0.22~0.29 0.17~0.37 0.35~0.65 0.25 0.30 0.25
9 U20302 30 0.27~0.34 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25
10 U20352 35 0.32~0.39 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25
11 U20402 40 0.37~0.44 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25
12 U20452 45 0.42~0.50 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25
13 U20502 50 0.47~0.55 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25
14 U20552 55 0.52~0.60 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25
15 U20302 60 0.57~0.65 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25
16 U20352 65 0.62~0.70 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25
17 U20702 70 0.67~0.75 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25
18 U20752 75 0.72~0.80 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25
19 U20802 80 0.77~0.85 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25
20 U20852 85 0.82~0.90 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25
21 U21152 15Mn 0.12~0.18 0.17~0.37 0.70~1.00 0.25 0.30 0.25
22 U21202 20Mn 0.17~0.23 0.17~0.37 0.70~1.00 0.25 0.30 0.25
23 U21252 25Mn 0.22~0.29 0.17~0.37 0.70~1.00 0.25 0.30 0.25
24 U21302 30Mn 0.27~0.34 0.17~0.37 0.70~1.00 0.25 0.30 0.25
25 U21352 35Mn 0.32~0.39 0.17~0.37 0.70~1.00 0.25 0.30 0.25
26 U21402 40Mn 0.37~0.44 0.17~0.37 0.70~1.00 0.25 0.30 0.25
27 U21452 45Mn 0.42~0.50 0.17~0.37 0.70~1.00 0.25 0.30 0.25
28 U21502 50Mn 0.48~0.56 0.17~0.37 0.70~1.00 0.25 0.30 0.25
29 U21602 60Mn 0.57~0.65 0.17~0.37 0.70~1.00 0.25 0.30 0.25
30 U21652 65Mn 0.62~0.70 0.17~0.37 0.90~1.20 0.25 0.30 0.25
31 U21 70Mn 0.67~0.75 0.17~0.37 0.90~1.20 0.25 0.30 0.25
Notes：
Steel grades listed Table 1 are of the quality steels. In the case of the quality steel，add “A” after the Brand
(the last figure of the unified figurative code is changed to be “3”);in the case of high grade quality steel ,add
“E” after the Brand (the last figure of the unified figurative code is changed to be “6”) ;For the boiling
steels，add “F” after the Brand (the last figure of the unified figurative code is changed to be “0”);For the semi-
killed steels，add “B” after the Brand (the last figure of the unified figurative code is changed to be “1”).
[Link] Silicon content in steels for cold stamping / punching shall not exceed 0.03%.
[Link] Nitrogen content in steels smelt with oxygen converter shall not exceed 0.008%.
Analysis may not be made when the supplier can guarantee its quality.
[Link] By the agreement between the supplier and the purchaser, semi-killed steels, of which
the silicon content not exceed 0.17%, can be supplied for 08~25 steels, its brand is
086~25b.
6.1.2 Permissible deviation of chemical composition of steels or billets shall be in accordance with
the stipulations in Table 2 in the Standard GB/T 222-1984.
Table2
P S
Group of grade
Not less than %
Quality steel 0.035 0.035
High grade quality steel 0.030 0.030
Super fine quality steel 0.025 0.020
6.2 Smelting method
Smelting method shall be determined by the manufacturing factory, unless otherwise specified
in the contract.
6.3 Delivery state
Steels are generally delivered in hot-rolled or hot-forged state. If requested by the purchaser
and stated in the contract, the delivery in heat-treated (annealing, normalizing or high-temperature
tempering) state or in special surface state can also be made.
6.4 Mechanical properties
6.4.1 Longitudinal mechanical properties (not including impact-absorbing work) of steels,
measured on steel billets(normalized), shall be in accordance with the stipulations in Table 3.
For the steels delivered in hot-rolled or hot-forged state, tests may not be performed if the
supplier can guarantee its mechanical properties to be qualified.
Upon purchaser’s request, the impact absorbing work, measured for 25~50 steel,
25Mn~50Mn steel on the testing samples made of the heat-treated (hardening + tempering)
billets, shall be in accordance with the stipulations in Table 3.
Impact test will not be performed for round steels, of which the diameter is less than 16 mm,
and for square steels or flat steels, of which the thickness is not exceed 12 mm.
6.4.2 Mechanical properties listed in Table 3 are only suitable for the steels, of which the size of
cross-section not exceed 80 mm. For the steels, of which the size of cross-section exceeds 80
mm, its elongation (percentage) of area and contraction (percentage) of area is permitted to
be 2% (absolute value) and 5% (absolute value) lower than that specified in Table 3
respectively.
When making the sample test from the steel samples, of which the dimension exceeds
80~120mm, is forged (or rolled) to be 70~80mm, their test results shall be in accordance with
the stipulations in Table 3.
When making the sample test from the steel samples, of which the dimension exceeds
120~250mm, is forged (or rolled) to be 90~100mm, their test results shall be in accordance
with the stipulations in Table 3.
6.4.3 Hardness in delivery state of steels for cutting working or steels for cold drawing billets shall
be in accordance with the stipulations in Table 3. Test for hardness of the un-annealed steels
may not be performed if the supplier can guarantee its quality. Hardness index of steels after
high-temperature tempered or normalized will be determined by both parties of the suppliers
and the purchaser.
Table3
Recommend heat-treatment ,℃ Mechanical properties Hardness of steels under
Size of delivery state
σb σs δs ψ Aku2
Bran sample HBS10/3000
No. Normalizi MPa MPa % % J
d blank Hardening Tempering Not moss then
ng
mm Not heat Annealed
Not less than
treated steels steels
1 08F 25 930 295 175 35 60 131
2 10F 25 930 315 185 33 55 137
3 15F 25 920 355 205 29 55 143
4 08 25 930 325 195 33 60 131
5 10 25 930 335 205 31 55 137
6 15 25 920 375 225 27 55 143
Continued toTable3
Recommend heat-treatment ,℃ Mechanical properties Hardness of steels under
Size of delivery state
σb σs δs ψ Aku2
sample HBS10/3000
No Brand MPa MPa % % J
blank Normalizing Hardening Tempering Not moss then
mm Not heat Annealed
Not less than
treated steels steels
7 20 25 910 410 245 25 55 156
8 25 25 900 870 600 450 275 23 50 71 170
9 30 25 880 860 600 490 295 21 50 63 179
10 35 25 870 850 600 530 315 20 45 55 197
11 40 25 860 840 600 570 335 19 45 47 217 187
12 45 25 850 840 600 600 355 16 40 39 229 197
13 50 25 830 830 600 630 375 14 40 31 241 207
14 55 25 820 820 600 645 380 13 35 255 217
15 60 25 810 675 400 12 35 255 229
16 65 25 810 695 410 10 30 255 229
17 70 25 790 715 420 9 30 269 229
18 75 820 480 1080 880 7 30 285 241
Test
19 80 820 480 1080 930 6 30 285 241
sample
20 85 820 480 1130 980 6 30 302 255
21 15Mn 25 920 410 245 26 55 163
22 20Mn 25 910 450 275 24 50 197
23 25Mn 25 900 870 600 490 295 22 50 71 207
24 30Mn 25 880 860 600 540 315 20 45 63 217 187
25 35Mn 25 870 850 600 560 335 18 45 55 229 197
26 40Mn 25 860 840 600 590 355 17 45 47 229 207
27 45Mn 25 850 840 600 620 375 15 40 39 241 217
28 50Mn 25 830 830 600 645 390 13 40 31 255 217
29 60Mn 25 810 695 410 11 35 269 229
30 65Mn 25 830 735 430 9 30 285 229
31 70Mn 25 790 785 450 8 30 285 229
Note:
1. For steels with diameter or thickness to be less than 25 mm.，heat treatment is performed on the test blanks, which have the
same sizes of cross-section with the finished products.
2. Recommended normalizing temperature-keeping time listed in this table should not be less than 30min,under air-cooling ；
recommended hardening temperature-keeping time should not be less than 30 min under oil-cooling for 75,80 and 85
steel，and under water-cooling for other steels；recommended temperature-keeping time should not be less than 1 hour.
6.5 Upsetting
6.5.1 Steels for upsetting shall perform the upsetting test; and the hot upsetting or cold upsetting
shall be stated in the contract. Height of sample after hot upsetting tested is 1/3of the height
of the original test sample; height of sample after cold upsetting tested is 1/2 of the height of
the original test sample. There should be no splits and cracks on the samples after upsetting
tested.
6.5.2 Upsetting test for the steels requested to perform hot upsetting test, and size of which is less
than 80 mm, or for the steels requested to perform cold upsetting test, and size of which
exceeds 30 mm, may not be performed if the supplier can guarantee the uppesting test to be
qualified.
6.6 Macroscopic structure
6.6.1 There should be no visual contraction holes,air bubbles ,cracks, inclusions, and white spots
on the test chip of pickled macroscopic structure on cross-section of steels of the killed
steels. It is permitted to have the defects such as the subsurface inclusion not exceeding the
permitted depth of the surface defects on the steels for cutting working
6.6.2 Pickled macroscopic structure shall be in accordance with the stipulations in Table 4.
Table 4
Ordinary loose Central loose
Quality class
Grade not more than
Quality steel 3.0 3.0 3.0
High grade quality steel 2.5 2.5 2.5
Super fine quality steel 2.0 2.0 2.0
6.6.3 In case the supplier can guarantee the macroscopic structure inspection to be qualified, it is
permitted to use ultrasonic detection or other nondestructive inspection instead of
macroscopic structure inspection.
6.7 Non-metal inclusions
Upon purchaser’s request, non-metal inclusions may be inspected; its qualified grade can be
determined by negotiating between the supplier and the purchaser.
6.8 De carbonized layer
Upon purchaser’s request, when inspect the steels, of which the norminal carbon content
exceeds 0.30%, the total depth of the decarbonized layer (ferrite + transit layer) shall be in
accordance with the stipulations in Table 5. The purchaser shall state the group.
Table 5
Group Permitted total depth of decarbonized layer, not more than
GroupⅠ 1.0%D
GroupⅡ 1.5%D
Note: D is the nominal diameter or thickness of the steels
6.9 Surface quality
6.9.1 Surface of the steels for press working should have no visual cracks, scabs, folds and
inclusions. If the above-mentioned defects exist, they shall be eliminated. Eliminated depth
of the defects shall be started from the actual dimension of the steels; it shall be in
accordance with the stipulations in Table 6. Eliminated width shall not be less than 5 times
the eliminated depth. For the steels, of which the diameter or side length not exceeds 140mm,
number of the place with maximum eliminated depth on the same cross-section shall not
exceed two. It is permitted to exist individual small scratches, compression marks and ripple
marks, of which the dimension not exceeds half of the dimensional tolerance started from the
actual dimension and small cracks, depth of which not exceeds 0.2 mm.
6.9.2 Surface of steels for cutting working is permitted to exist the local defects, of which the depth
started from the actual dimension of the steels not exceeds the stipulation in Table 7.
Table 6
Nominal dimension of steels Permitted eliminated depth of defects
(diameter or thickness)
<80 Half of nominal dimensional tolerance of steels
80~140 Nominal dimensional tolerance of steels
>140~220 5% of nominal dimensional tolerance of steels
>200 6% of nominal dimensional tolerance of steels
Table 7
Nominal dimension of steels Permitted depth of local defects not
(diameter or thickness) more than
Negative nominal dimensional
<100
tolerance of steels
≥100 Nominal dimensional tolerance of steels
6.10 Special requirement
Upon purchaser’s request, by negotiation between the supplier and the purchaser, steels with
the following special requirement can be supplied:
(a) Reduce or modify the scope of chemical composition specified in Table 1.
(b) Steel bars with diameter or thickness exceeding 250 mm;
(c) Inspect the microscopic structure of steels;
(d) Inspect the microscopic structure of steels;
(e) Inspect the patterns with the tower-shaped testing sample;
(f) Raise the mechanical property indexes;
(g) V notch impact test may be made (indexes to be determined by negotiation between the
supplier and the purchaser )
(h) Others
7. TESTING METHODS
Testing method for each batch of steels shall be in accordance with the stipulation in Table 8
Table 8
Testing
No Inspection item Sample quantity Sampling location
method
GB/T223
1 Composition chemical 1 GB/T222
GB/T4336
GB/T228
2 Tensile test 2 Difference pieces of steels GB/T2975
GB/T6397
3 Hardness 3 Different pieces of steels GB/T231
4 Impact test 2 Different pieces of steels GB/T229
5 Upsetting test 2 Different pieces of steels GB/T233
Equivalent to the head of
ingot steels from different
6 Structure macroscopic 2 GB/T1979
pieces of ingot steels or
steels
7 Tower-shaped patterns 2 Different pieces of steels GB/T15711
GB/T224
8 Decarbonization 2 Different pieces of steels
()
9 Grain fineness 1 Any piece of steels YB/T5148
10 Inclusions non-metal 2 Different pieces of steels GB/T10561
11 Microscopic structure 2 Different pieces of steels GB/T13299
12 Ultrasonic inspection 2 One complete piece of steels GB/T7736
One piece by one Calibre,
13 Dimensions, contour Complete piece of steels
piece micrometer
One piece by one Visual
14 Surface Complete piece of steels
piece inspection
8. INSECTION RULES
8.1 Inspection and acceptance
8.1.1 Quality of steels shall be inspected and accepted by the technical supervision department of
the supplier.
8.1.2 Supplier shall guarantee the quality of the delivered steels to be complied with the
stipulations of this Standard or the contract.. The purchaser is entitled the right to make
inspection or acceptance for any inspection item specified in this Standard or the contract.
8.2 Grouping rules (Lot-partitioning rules)
Steels shall be inspected in batchs. Each bath of steels shall be grouped by the steels with the
same furnace number, the same working method, the same dimensions, the same delivery state or
the same heat-treatment system (the same furnace No.) and the same surface state.
8.3 Sample quantity and sampling location
Sample quantity and sampling location shall be in accordance with the stipulations in Table 8.
8.4 Reinspection and criterion rules
8.4.1 Reinspectiion and criterion rules of steels shall be implemented according to the relevant
stipulations in sub-clause [Link] of the Standard GB/T 17505-1998.
8.4.2 Incase supplier can guarantee the quality of the steels to be qualified, for the inspection
results of the macroscopic and mechanical properties and the non-metal inclusions of steels
or billets with the same furnace No., it is permitted to use the inspection results and to use the
inspection results for the bigger one to substitute that of the small one.
9. PACKAGING, MARKINGS & QUALITY CERTIFICATE
Packaging, markings and quality certificate of the steels shall be in accordance with the
stipulations in Standard GB/T2101.
