RELATIONS AND FUNCTION
SUB-TOPICS:
WEIGHTAGE IN FINAL EXAM :
TOTAL 8 MARKS
AFIJICA
tsnTgt
a 3
B 29 b c n B 3 RGFE.IE
AXB 19 1b 1 c 2,9 12 b 2111
3,9 3 b 3 c N AX B 3 3
BX A c 1
9 1 9,2 9,3 bil b 2 bc 92 6,3
subset 2
n A M N B N
N A XB mn
then no of relation 2mn
Conceptual
Question!
Q) Non void relation from A to B where set A contains p no of
elements and set B contains q no of elements
A) 2𝑝𝑞 -1
n A P
B) 2𝑝𝑞
n B Q
C) pq
N A XB pq
D) None Of These
Relation 259
Non void Relation 2Pa_
Co
DgmY1 co Domain
A 1,2 3 4 R E
EI co Domain
B 9 e i o 4
r
hkiasi.siaii i
Domain R 1 2 3
4
EI A t2 by EEBee ma.in
B a e i 0,4
A B
R 1,97 1 1 2,9
2,9 3,9 3,1
ran se
o
ga.e.i.at
DB
Y
EE A 5,50 15,205
Domain R 45,157
B 1 2 3
47 Range R 41,213,47
A
Domain r 2112347
g Range R
1
25,157
Try these
The relation R is defined on the set of natural numbers as {(a, b) : a
= 2b}. Then R −1 is given by
(a) {(2, 1), (4, 2), (6, 3).....} (b) {(1, 2), (2, 4), (3, 6)....}
(c) R −1 is not defined (d) None of these
R aib a 2b 1 2
33
R 2,1 14,2 6,3 4 4
g
R
1 2,41 3,6
7 6 6
• Empty Relation
E
• Universal Relation
• Inverse Relation
• Identity Relation
• Reflexive Relation
• Symmetric Relation
• Transitive Relation
Majesty
22 03
1T
3
E A 21 2 4
R A A
RF 1,1 2,2 3 3 4,4
R2 1,1 1,2 2,2 2,47 23,3
4,1
A 21 2,37
R 1 12 1 3 2,1
1
R2 1,1 3,37 2,17 3,2
A 21 2
37
R 112 2,1
R2 L 1,1 112 11,31 311 2,21 2,14
Note : c will not be given in question we have to generate c in the
question
For set builder type of Questions only
3 2
A 41 2,34
R
E
R2 Iii
II
R3
L2 137
Ry 21213 3,2 X
EI 2 122 4113
L2 123
4
Be
12
26 03 2025
SOME BASIC QUESTION
r R2 Rs
Ref Ref Ref
sym sym Symx
TranstX Transt X TranstX
Reflexive Symmetric Transitive
Relation Relation Relation
When all the three relation occur together called as equivalence Relation
Choose the correct
A
s 21,213,47 R 112 2,2 1,11 4,4
113 3,3 13,21
Ref
symx
NCERT
sod A 1,2 3 __
13,147
R 32
x y y of
32
y 0
Y 31
R 1,3 2 6 3,9 14 12
not
er y
R x
y y n 5 and cy
x 1 2 3
Y 6 7 8
R 1,6 12,7 3,877
Hence Relation is transtive
R rig x
y is an
Integer
Ref 9,91 ER at 2
a 9 0
Hence It's reflexive
SLI a b ER b 9 ER
now a b K
b a k
where k is an
Integee Hence It's
symmetric
ER b ER 9
ER
Tracts a b c
Now a b 12 b c k
9 C 2K
k is an
where
Integer
Hence It's transtive
also Relation is an equivalence
Try these
reflexive
ER
and
symmetric a C is.gg
ER
Transtime
Try these
set 3,1
És 4424
2
41,27
3
437
properties
class of Ai and A
Equivalence are
disjoint
Ai N A
or A
Aj
for a set A E Ez E En
equivalence class of
E N Ez N Ez 0 En
E U Ez V Es V En A
A 41 2,37
EI
1 21,27
2 12
3 237
2 U 2 U 3
1,2 37
Try these
• Eg: A = 1,2,3,4 ; a,b∈ A,
R= 1,2 , 2,3 , 3,4 , 4,3 , 1,3 , (2,4)
What are equivalence class of
a) 2 b) 4
2
217
4
43,27
Ht MCQ
Boards
It
HOTS
2911912025
PAST YEAR QUESTION
A KEZ x C
124
A
40,112,3 4 5 6,7 8 5 10 11 12
R a b la b 4K
reflexive a a ER GEA
la b 4K
then 19 a
4K
0 472
K 0
synfter a b ER b a ER
a b 4K
then b a 4K
Hence It's symmetric
Transitive a b ER b c E R
19 C E R
b 9 b 4K
19 4 k 9 b 4K
1b C1 4k c
b 4K
b c 4k
a c 4K
Hence It's Transitive
also Relation is an Equivalence Rel
Now ER
I N a
KEAY
1 x 11 0 4 8 12
I 4 5 158 IE
1
I prove that the relation R on set Nx
defined by
R Cid
a b atd btc for all
a b Cid E Nxt
is an equivalence relation
a b R c d a d btc
Refle nice a b a b E R
at d b c
a b b 9
Hence It's reflexive
Street a b Cad
a b
ER
ER
Cid
Now d b c
a
c b d 9
Hence It's
symmetric
Transitives a b R Cid
rid 12 le f
a b
Now
a d b c
c t t dte
a d btc
a f bte
Hence It's transitive
So Relation is an Equivalence Rel
The relation R 1.11 212113,31 on
the set is
41,2 3
Reflexive 9.97 ER
symmetric a b ER b a
ER
Transitive a b ER b c ER
a c ER
Equivalence Relation
05 04 2025
• Definition-1 : Let A and B be two sets and let there exist a rule or manner or
correspondence ‘ f ’ which associates to each element of A, a unique element
in B.
Then f is called a function or mapping from A to B. It is
𝑓
denoted by the symbol f: A → B or A → B
which reads ‘ f ’ is a function from A to B’ or ‘f maps A to B,
mangone
Is
0
mIyfnn is
ceyifn.PE a Imany
relation but
not every elation
in a in 21 y e or
ay
VERTICAL LINE TEST
ny
It's fan
AI i
a
Not a fan If
Result of vertical line intersect at only one point on
then its a otherwise not
gray
HORIZONTAL TEST
MY
m
72
l x̅
many one tan III 2
result
If a
one one fan
horizontal line intersect at
g
one point
a one
Domain and Range of fun
Domaine value of x
for which fan is defined
If y then domain exist only when
fin 0
If y IFT then domain enist onlywhe
flu 20
If then
y domain exist
only
when
flu 0
Ranger value of y for which fan is define
To calculate range change the subject
to r in terms of y
Now follow the points of domain
will be
only
change a fly
my 1
Try these
1. F(x) = 3x+2 Domain R Range R
2. F(x) =𝑥 2 + 2
Domain R Range 2,0
y 42
3. F(x) = 𝑥−1
2𝑥−3
4. F(x) =
𝑥2 y 2m
5.
𝑥 2 +1
F(x) = 𝑥 2 +2x+3
152
y 220
6. F(x) = 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 6 7 2
Domain 437 sales
fin 22 24 3
Range
y Domain R
2n 3 x 1
Range
y
any By 2 1 Y 22 22 3
2mg n 32 1
n 27 1 34 1 Sol 6
K
3 FILIPE
Now 1 0 Domain
22
y 227N 1820
Range R 22 9 22 1820
x x 9 2 x 9 20
x 9 at 2 0
mug gun
NEGO 2
059,0
HOTS
f a f 121
III
fees find
men its many one fun
many one Into one_onto
many
one one onto fren
Try these
4 22
M
SI
Now
1 22
EI
½ Now 714.1 124
3
MI
my
I c
¼ Fy
now
az fism
ax
2 I
091 5
1
PAST YEAR QUESTION
fan
2 for onto
one one Y
for
f a
fluz y 1 2 x 1
a t
ay ay
x
x 212 2
xy 22 1
1 2 714 2 21 y 1
2g 1
24 12k 22g a
f
2x 12 242 2 Now fly f 22
2K 7 24 2
22
R
X 12
22
21
hence the fan is one one 22 1 22 1 2 1 1222 1
242 22 2
45
27 Y 2 222
27 Y 222 22
2 22
2 22
Hence It's onto
Hence fin is bijective fan
PAST YEAR QUESTION
fins 23 2
in
x tx x2 122
xp x 22 K
x 22 Rita 221222 22 x
x Nz x k 22 22 a 22 0
x 2 x 2,12 22 1 0
x 42 0 4,4 22 4,22 20
x x2 2,2 42 2,2 1 anger
hence It's one one
Injective
Now
y site
set R
Y 0
we know for odd degree eg has
at least one real root
23 n 0 has one root α
y
then
23 2 y 0
23 2 y
f k y
rence It's on to surjective
hence prove f R R by
f x x x is bijective
If snow that f N N defined by
if n is odd
fin is even
if n
is onto function
many one
eat n 1
then
f 1
2z
n 2 N N
2
A B
1
1 I
n 3 2
3
42
2
3 5 3
6
n y 7 4
f 4
II 2
Hence
many
one
function
Now
If n is odd natural
an no then 22 1
is an odd natural no such than
f 2n 1
29
11
12 on
If n is an even no then 27 in an
event no such that
f 2n 7 n
The is on to
nence
farm
Inverse function function is If a
one and onto
one Bijective then function
is invertible function
02
If f x and n f 2 is
y
Possible for a givers function
then function is invertible
consider f Rt E 01 given by
9
fln 5x Gn g prove that f is invertibl
f x 5r t6n g
i
51 6k 522 622 4
57 5H22 622 62
5 x x2 6 22 N1
5 x 221 12 22 6 7 22 0
K Nz 5 n 22 6 0
21 12 0 5 n 22 6 0
x
folly 5
2
6 9
y 54m
41
2
3 3 123
5 3,12 121
Now
3s
5
4 3 25 28
MEF 1
2
51 3
544 31254 g
co Domain
ng
THANK YOU !!!!!
