Table of Contents
📌 I. Core HR Principles...........................................................................................................................2
📌 II. Major HR Functions........................................................................................................................3
📌 III. Human Resource Information System (HRIS) / HRMS....................................................................4
📌 IV. Key HR Metrics You Should Know..................................................................................................4
📌 V. Basic Tools & Skills for HR Interns...................................................................................................4
BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF HR PRINCIPLES & SYSTEMS
📌 I. Core HR Principles
These are the foundational ideas behind all HR activities:
1. Employee Life Cycle Management
Understanding the entire journey of an employee:
Recruitment
Onboarding
Development
Retention
Exit (Offboarding)
2. Fairness and Equity
Ensuring all employees are treated fairly regardless of gender, caste, religion, or background.
Avoiding favoritism or bias in recruitment, promotion, and rewards.
3. Confidentiality and Ethics
HR handles sensitive employee data (salary, performance, grievances).
Maintaining confidentiality is crucial.
4. Compliance and Labor Laws
HR ensures the organization complies with:
o Minimum Wages Act
o Factories Act
o Shops and Establishments Act
o Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act
o EPF, ESI, Gratuity, etc.
5. Two-Way Communication
HR should be a bridge between employees and management.
Open-door policies, surveys, feedback mechanisms help build a healthy culture.
📌 II. Major HR Functions
1. Recruitment & Staffing
Job posting
Screening resumes
Conducting interviews
Selecting and hiring candidates
2. Onboarding & Induction
Welcoming new employees
Introducing them to company policies, culture, and team
3. Training & Development
Skill-building workshops
Orientation programs
Leadership development
4. Performance Management
Setting goals (KRAs/OKRs)
Conducting performance appraisals
Giving feedback and support
5. Compensation & Benefits
Managing salaries, bonuses, and allowances
Administering insurance, PF, leave, and wellness benefits
6. Employee Engagement
Organizing events, surveys, team-building activities
Measuring employee satisfaction
7. Grievance Handling
Addressing employee concerns and complaints
Ensuring a safe and respectful workplace
8. Exit Management
Conducting exit interviews
Issuing experience letters, full & final settlement
📌 III. Human Resource Information System
(HRIS) / HRMS
What is HRMS?
An HRMS (Human Resource Management System) is software that automates HR tasks. Keka is one
such example.
Key Modules in an HRMS like Keka:
1. Employee Database – Personal and job-related details
2. Attendance & Leave Tracking – Clock-in/clock-out, holidays, vacation requests
3. Payroll Management – Salary processing, tax deductions, payslips
4. Performance Management – Goal tracking, reviews, feedback
5. Recruitment – Managing applications, interviews, offer letters
6. Training & Learning – Course tracking and skill development
7. Employee Self-Service Portal – Employees can apply for leave, view payslips, update info
📌 IV. Key HR Metrics You Should Know
Attrition Rate – % of employees leaving the company
Employee Turnover – Rate at which employees are replaced
Employee Engagement Score – How happy/motivated employees are
Time to Hire – Time taken to fill a job role
Training ROI – Value derived from employee training
📌 V. Basic Tools & Skills for HR Interns
Excel/Google Sheets – For reports, attendance, payroll
HRMS like Keka – For hands-on system learning
Good Communication – Email, calls, interviews
Documentation – Writing reports, policies, meeting notes
Analytical Thinking – Reviewing policies or survey results
