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Solved Science State Question Paper Set1

The document discusses key concepts in optics, including magnification, lens power, Snell's Law, and the behavior of light in reflection and refraction. It explains the characteristics of concave and convex lenses and mirrors, along with relevant formulas for calculating image distances and magnification. Additionally, it provides examples and applications of these optical principles in real-world scenarios.

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14 views3 pages

Solved Science State Question Paper Set1

The document discusses key concepts in optics, including magnification, lens power, Snell's Law, and the behavior of light in reflection and refraction. It explains the characteristics of concave and convex lenses and mirrors, along with relevant formulas for calculating image distances and magnification. Additionally, it provides examples and applications of these optical principles in real-world scenarios.

Uploaded by

pytrioticnature
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1. The magnification produced by a plane mirror is +1.

This means the image formed is of the same

size as the object and is virtual and erect.

2. Power P = 1/f (in meters); P = +1.5 D f = 1/1.5 = +0.667 m = +66.7 cm. The lens is converging

(convex lens).

3. Snells Law: The ratio of sine of angle of incidence to sine of angle of refraction is constant for a

given pair of media. i.e., sin i / sin r = .

4. The bending of a ray of light as it passes from one medium to another is called refraction.

5. The focal length of a concave lens is positive. False.

1. 1 dioptre = power of a lens whose focal length is 1 meter.

Formula: P = 100 / f (in cm) or P = 1 / f (in meters).

2. Ray Diagram for concave lens:

(i) A ray parallel to the principal axis diverges after refraction and appears to come from the focus.

(ii) A ray directed towards the focus emerges parallel to the principal axis.

3. Terms in the context of a diverging (concave) mirror:

(i) Principal focus: The point from which rays appear to diverge after reflection.

(ii) Principal axis: The straight line passing through the pole and center of curvature.

(iii) Focal length: The distance between the pole and principal focus. It is negative for a diverging

mirror.

4. Given: f = 15 cm, v = -10 cm (since image is on the same side as object and virtual). Use lens
formula:

1/f = 1/v - 1/u 1/15 = 1/(-10) - 1/u 1/u = -1/10 - 1/15 = -5/30 u = -6 cm.

Ray diagram required showing object at 6 cm from the lens.

1. Given: magnification m = -1, f = 6 cm (concave mirror, so f = -6 cm).

m = -v/u = -1 v = u.

Using mirror formula: 1/f = 1/v + 1/u 1/(-6) = 1/u + 1/u 2/u = -1/6 u = -12 cm.

So, object should be placed 12 cm in front of the mirror.

2. Reflection: It is the bouncing back of light from a reflecting surface.

Laws:

(i) Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection.

(ii) Incident ray, reflected ray, and normal lie in the same plane.

3. A convex mirror is a mirror with a reflecting surface that bulges outward.

Applications:

(i) Used as rear-view mirrors in vehicles.

(ii) Used in ATMs and corridors for surveillance.

1. Given: h = 5 cm, u = -30 cm (object distance), f = 20 cm v = ?

Use lens formula: 1/f = 1/v - 1/u 1/20 = 1/v + 1/30 1/v = 1/20 - 1/30 = (3 - 2)/60 = 1/60 v = 60 cm.

(i) Position: 60 cm on the other side of the lens.

(ii) Nature: Real and inverted.

(iii) Size: m = v/u = 60/(-30) = -2 h' = -2 5 = -10 cm (inverted image of 10 cm height).

2. f = -10 cm (negative, so it is a concave lens). Power P = 100/f = -10 D.

Object distance u = -20 cm, f = -10 cm use lens formula:


1/f = 1/v - 1/u 1/(-10) = 1/v - 1/(-20) 1/v = -1/10 + 1/20 = -1/20 v = -20 cm.

Magnification m = v/u = -20/(-20) = +1 image is virtual, erect, same size as object.

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