Republic of the Philippines

President Ramon Magsaysay State University

(Formerly Ramon Magsaysay Technological University)
Iba, Zambales, Philippines

GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT

The Gender and Development approach focuses on the socially constructed basis of
differences between men and women and emphasizes the need to challenge existing gender
roles and relations.

CHED Memorandum Order No. 1, Series of 2015, establishes policies and guidelines on
Gender and Development (GAD) in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in the Philippines.
The order aims to promote gender equality, empowerment, and mainstreaming in the education
sector.

KEY POINTS OF CHED CMO NO. 1, S. 2015

1. Institutionalizing Gender and Development (GAD)

• Requires HEIs to integrate gender perspectives in curricula, research, extension, and
administration.
• Establishes Gender and Development Focal Point Systems (GFPS) in HEIs.
2. Gender-Responsive Curriculum
• Encourages the inclusion of gender studies, gender-sensitive teaching materials, and
faculty training on gender issues.
3. GAD Research and Extension Services
• Promotes gender-related research and community extension programs.
4. Safe and Gender-Inclusive Learning Environments
• Mandates policies against gender-based violence, sexual harassment, and
discrimination.
5. Monitoring and Compliance
• CHED Regional Offices oversee the implementation of GAD programs in HEIs.

This memorandum supports national and international commitments to gender equality, such
as the Magna Carta of Women (RA 9710) and the UN Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs).

Women in Development (WID) Women and Development (WAD), and Gender and
Development (GAD) are famous approaches in Gender Studies

UNIVERSITY VISION UNIVERSITY MISSION QUALITY POLICY

PRMSU shall be premier learner-centered The President Ramon Magsaysay State University shall primarily provide The President Ramon Magsaysay State University is committed to continuall y
and proactive university in a digital and advance and higher professional, technical, and special instructions in various strive for excellence in instruction, research, extension and production to
global society. disciplines; undertake research, extension and income generation programs for strengthen global competitiveness adhering to quality standards for the utmost
the sustainable development of Zambales, the region and the country . satisfaction of its valued customers.
 Republic of the Philippines
President Ramon Magsaysay State University
(Formerly Ramon Magsaysay Technological University)
Iba, Zambales, Philippines

The GAD approach emerged in the 80’s to replace the Women in Development focus. GAD
is not only concerned with women but also is concerned with the social construction of gender
and their assignments.

Origin
• As an alternative to the WID focus this approach developed in the 1980s.
Theoretical Base
• Influence by socialist feminist thinking.

Focus
• Offers a holistic perspective looking at all aspects of women’s lives.
• It questions the basis of assigning specific gender roles to different sexes
Contribution
• Does not exclusively emphasizes female solidarity – welcomes contributions of
sensitive men.
• Recognizes women’s contribution inside and outside the household, including non-
commodity production.

GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT

• Focuses on gender relations
• Designs developing programs to respond to gender issues
• Commits to the goal of gender equality and women’s empowerment and
improvement

UNIVERSITY VISION UNIVERSITY MISSION QUALITY POLICY

PRMSU shall be premier learner-centered The President Ramon Magsaysay State University shall primarily provide The President Ramon Magsaysay State University is committed to continuall y
and proactive university in a digital and advance and higher professional, technical, and special instructions in various strive for excellence in instruction, research, extension and production to
global society. disciplines; undertake research, extension and income generation programs for strengthen global competitiveness adhering to quality standards for the utmost
the sustainable development of Zambales, the region and the country . satisfaction of its valued customers.
 Republic of the Philippines
President Ramon Magsaysay State University
(Formerly Ramon Magsaysay Technological University)
Iba, Zambales, Philippines

When applied to GAD;

A development is about attaining a full and satisfying life for all that is shared in a
responsibility.

GENDER ISSUES

“All the humans born free and equal”

Gender issues affect all us, but instead of solving these issues, we all contribute to their
perpetuation.

The problems that both male and females experience is a result of the cultures and the
societies they live in, the roles that they have to play, the rights they can hold.

“Yet women still struggle!”

WE ARE EQUAL

Gender equality is:

 To own land,
 Manage a property,
 To be equal in voice,
 Travel freely,
 To be free from harm, violence,
 And from security risks,
 Capacity to borrow and obtain loans,
 Access to all private and government sector programs,
 Membership in clubs,
 Admission to military schools,
 Etc.

Gender Stereotyping – the beliefs humans hold about the characteristics associated with
males and females.

Gender Stereotyping in Social Roles

Men Women
 Provides financially for takes care of  Takes care of the family house and
the family house and children children
 Works as managers  Works as nurse, teacher, secretary
 Construction builders, engineers  Portrayed as followers
 Portrayed as leaders

Problem in Gender Stereotyping

 When characteristics associated with a particular gender have a negative image.

 When a unique individual is assumed to have all the characteristics associated with
his/her gender.
UNIVERSITY VISION UNIVERSITY MISSION QUALITY POLICY

PRMSU shall be premier learner-centered The President Ramon Magsaysay State University shall primarily provide The President Ramon Magsaysay State University is committed to continuall y
and proactive university in a digital and advance and higher professional, technical, and special instructions in various strive for excellence in instruction, research, extension and production to
global society. disciplines; undertake research, extension and income generation programs for strengthen global competitiveness adhering to quality standards for the utmost
the sustainable development of Zambales, the region and the country . satisfaction of its valued customers.
 Republic of the Philippines
President Ramon Magsaysay State University
(Formerly Ramon Magsaysay Technological University)
Iba, Zambales, Philippines

Theories of Gender Development

 Social Learning Theory

 Proponents of this theory believe that parents, as distributors of reinforcement,
reinforce appropriate gender rile behavior.
 Cognitive-Developmental Theory
 Derived from Kohlberg’s speculations about gender development.
 Children begin the process of acquiring gender-appropriate behavior:
Children acquire a gender identity-
Age 2-3 they recognize that they are either
male or female
Gender Stability- gender is stable over
Age 3-6
time
Gender Constancy-gender is constant
over situations: people cannot change
Age 6 or 7
their gender by changing their
appearance or behavior

 Gender Schema Theory-helps a child to develop gender identity and formulate an

appropriate gender role

Schema – a mental blueprint for organizing information, and children develop and formulate
an appropriate gender.

GENDER IDEOLOGIES – attitude toward men and women role.

 Traditional Gender Ideology

 Maintains that men sphere is work and women sphere is the home.
 The implicit assumption is that men have greater power than women.

 Egalitarian Gender Ideology

 Maintains that power is distributed equally between men and women and that
each group identifies equally with the same spheres.

UNIVERSITY VISION UNIVERSITY MISSION QUALITY POLICY

PRMSU shall be premier learner-centered The President Ramon Magsaysay State University shall primarily provide The President Ramon Magsaysay State University is committed to continuall y
and proactive university in a digital and advance and higher professional, technical, and special instructions in various strive for excellence in instruction, research, extension and production to
global society. disciplines; undertake research, extension and income generation programs for strengthen global competitiveness adhering to quality standards for the utmost
the sustainable development of Zambales, the region and the country . satisfaction of its valued customers.
 Republic of the Philippines
President Ramon Magsaysay State University
(Formerly Ramon Magsaysay Technological University)
Iba, Zambales, Philippines

 Transnational
 It is acceptable for women to devote energy to both work and family domains
but women should proportionally more responsibility for the home and men
should focus proportionally more their energy on work.

POLICIES SUPPORTING GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT (GAD)

IMPLEMENTATION

Republic Act No. 69449

AN ACT TO DECLARE MARCH EIGHT OF EVERY AS A WORKING SPECIAL
HOLIDAY TO BE KNOWN AS NATIONAL WOMEN’S DAY

Republic Act No. 7322

AN ACT INCREASING MATERNITY BENEFITS IN FAVOR OF WOMEN
WORKERS IN THE PRIVATE SECTOR, AMENDING FOT THE PURPOSE
SECTION 14-A OF REPUBLIC ACT NO. 1161, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

Republic Act No. 7655

AN ACT INCREASING THE MINIMUM WAGE OF HOUSEHELPERS,
AMENDING FOR THE PURPOSE ARTICLE 143 OF PRESIDENTIAL DECREE
NO. 442, AS AMENDED

The Convention of the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Wome n

(CEDAW)

Signed on December 18, 1979 at The New York City (United States)
An international treaty adopted in 1979 by the United Nations General Assembly
An international bill of rights for women
Sets up an agenda for national action to end such discrimination

CEDAW says:
 All discrimination against women must end
 Women have the right to participate without any discrimination in all aspects

CEDAW promotes basic human rights and achieves progress and overcome barriers of
discrimination against women.

Article 1: Definition of Discrimination – discrimination against women to cover all facts of

human rights and fundamental freedom

Article 2: Obligations to Eliminate Discrimination

 Countries must eliminate discriminatory laws, policies and practices in the
national legal framework
 Country duties
 Policy measures

UNIVERSITY VISION UNIVERSITY MISSION QUALITY POLICY

PRMSU shall be premier learner-centered The President Ramon Magsaysay State University shall primarily provide The President Ramon Magsaysay State University is committed to continuall y
and proactive university in a digital and advance and higher professional, technical, and special instructions in various strive for excellence in instruction, research, extension and production to
global society. disciplines; undertake research, extension and income generation programs for strengthen global competitiveness adhering to quality standards for the utmost
the sustainable development of Zambales, the region and the country . satisfaction of its valued customers.
 Republic of the Philippines
President Ramon Magsaysay State University
(Formerly Ramon Magsaysay Technological University)
Iba, Zambales, Philippines

Article 3: Development of Women

 Women are fundamentally equal with men in all spheres of life
 Countries must take measures to uphold women’s equality in the political, social,
economic and cultural fields

Article 4: Acceleration of Equality

 Countries may implement temporary special measures to accelerate women’s equality
 Temporary special measure

Article 5: Sex Roles and Stereotyping

 Countries agree to modify or eliminate practices based on assumption about the
inferiority or superiority of either sex

Article 6: Exploitation of Women

 Countries agree to take steps to suppress the exploitation of prostitutio n and traffick ing
women

MAGNA CARTA OF WOMEN - REPUBLIC ACT 9710

The Magna Carta of Women defines discrimination against women as:

Any gendered-based distinction, exclusion, or restriction which has the effect or purpose of
impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment, or exercise by women, irrespective of their
marital status, on a basis of equality of men and women, of human rights and fundame nta l
freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field.

Magna Carta of Women – Republic Act No. 9710 – a comprehensive women’s human rights
law that seeks to eliminate discrimination against women by recognizing, protecting, fulfilling,
and promoting the rights of the Filipino women, especially those in marginalized sector.

MARGINALIZED SECTORS
 Urban poor
 Children
 Senior Citizens
 Moro
 Person with disabilities
 Fisher folk, small farmers and rural workers
 Workers in the formal economy
 Workers in the informal economy
 Indigenous people women
 Solo parents
 Migrant workers

UNIVERSITY VISION UNIVERSITY MISSION QUALITY POLICY

PRMSU shall be premier learner-centered The President Ramon Magsaysay State University shall primarily provide The President Ramon Magsaysay State University is committed to continuall y
and proactive university in a digital and advance and higher professional, technical, and special instructions in various strive for excellence in instruction, research, extension and production to
global society. disciplines; undertake research, extension and income generation programs for strengthen global competitiveness adhering to quality standards for the utmost
the sustainable development of Zambales, the region and the country . satisfaction of its valued customers.
 Republic of the Philippines
President Ramon Magsaysay State University
(Formerly Ramon Magsaysay Technological University)
Iba, Zambales, Philippines

OBJECTIVE OF THE LAW

-Emphasizes the rights of women to institutionalizes the substantive equality of men and
women.
-Not only to provide equal opportunities for women but also their empowerment.

1. Abolish the unequal structures and practices

2. Revise gender stereotypes and images
3. Eliminating discrimination of women in the military, police and other similar services
4. Protect the rights of Moro and indigenous women
5. Increase the number of women participating in discussions and decision-making
6. . Ensure the development and inclusion of women’s welfare and concerns
7. Give special consideration for the specific needs
8. Adopt measures to:
-Protection from abuse
-Eliminate discrimination in education, health and nutrition, and skills and development

THE SIGNING OF MAGNA CARTA

BACKGROUND

-7 years in the making; legislative debates started in 2002 (12th Congress)

-August 14, 2009 signed into law
-Took effect on September 15, 2009
-Implementing Rules and Regulation (IRR) adopted by Philippine Commission on Women -
Commissioner on March 30, 2010

BACKGROUND

7 years in the making; legislative debates started in 2002 (12 th Congress)

August 14, 2009 signed into law
Took effect on September 18, 2009
Implementing Riles and Regulation (IRR) adopted by Philippine Commission on
Women Commissioner on March 30, 2010

 Senator Jamby Madrigal, Chairperson of the Senate Committee on Youth, Women and
Family Relations – Principal Author
 Senator Sonny Angara – Author
 Senator Pia Cayetano – Principal Author

UNIVERSITY VISION UNIVERSITY MISSION QUALITY POLICY

PRMSU shall be premier learner-centered The President Ramon Magsaysay State University shall primarily provide The President Ramon Magsaysay State University is committed to continuall y
and proactive university in a digital and advance and higher professional, technical, and special instructions in various strive for excellence in instruction, research, extension and production to
global society. disciplines; undertake research, extension and income generation programs for strengthen global competitiveness adhering to quality standards for the utmost
the sustainable development of Zambales, the region and the country . satisfaction of its valued customers.
 Republic of the Philippines
President Ramon Magsaysay State University
(Formerly Ramon Magsaysay Technological University)
Iba, Zambales, Philippines

Why MAGNA CARTA OF WOMEN and not MAGNA CARTA FOR WOMEN?

Magna Carta FOR Women

Implies that others crafted the law and women are mere recipients of the benefits arising there
from.

Magna Carta ON Women

Only designates women as the subject matter of the law.

Magna Carta OF Women

Women have a stake in the law and they possess and own it.

WOMEN EMPOWERMENT

The process of enabling women to have control over their lives, make choices, and participate
fully in all aspects society. It involves providing women with the knowledge, skills, resources,
and opportunities necessary to achieve potential and exercise their rights.

ECOMOMIC EMPOWERMENT
-the law promotes equal access to economic opportunities, resources, and benefits for
women. It encourages the development of women’s entrepreneurship, access to credit
and capital, and the elimination of occupational segregation and gender wage gaps.
POLITICAL EMPOWERMENT
-the law recognizes the importance of women’s participation and representation in
decision-making process. It promotes equal opportunities for women in public service
and leadership positions, including in political, civil, economic, social and cultura l
spheres.
HEALTH AND REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS
-the law ensures women’s access to comprehensive healthcare services, includ ing
reproductive health services, information, and education. It promotes the right to make
informed decisions regarding their reproductive health and provides protection against
discrimination in accessing.
EDUCATION AND TRAINING
-the Magna Carta of Women emphasizes equal access to quality education and training
for women. It encourages the elimination of gender stereotypes in education and
promotes the inclusion of gender-sensitive curricula and programs.
PROTECTION AGAINST VIOLENCE
-the law recognizes women’s right to live free from violence. It provides protection and
support services for women who experience violence, including domestic violence,
sexual harassment, trafficking, and exploitation.

UNIVERSITY VISION UNIVERSITY MISSION QUALITY POLICY

PRMSU shall be premier learner-centered The President Ramon Magsaysay State University shall primarily provide The President Ramon Magsaysay State University is committed to continuall y
and proactive university in a digital and advance and higher professional, technical, and special instructions in various strive for excellence in instruction, research, extension and production to
global society. disciplines; undertake research, extension and income generation programs for strengthen global competitiveness adhering to quality standards for the utmost
the sustainable development of Zambales, the region and the country . satisfaction of its valued customers.
 Republic of the Philippines
President Ramon Magsaysay State University
(Formerly Ramon Magsaysay Technological University)
Iba, Zambales, Philippines

RA 9262 – Violence Against Women and their Children

Any act or a series if acts committed by any person against a woman who is his wife,
former wife, or against a woman with whom the person has or had a sexual or dating
relationship, or with whom he has a common child, or against her child whether
legitimate or illegitimate, within or without the family abode, which result in or is likely
to result in physical, sexual, psychological harm or suffering, or economic abuse
including threats of such acts, battery, assault, coercion, harassment or arbitrary
deprivation of liberty.

Violence Against Women and Child is a Public Crime

VAWC shall be considered a public crime, which may be prosecuted upon the filing of a
complaint by any citizen having personal knowledge of the circumstances involving the
commission of the crime.

Section 2 Declaration of Policy – it is hereby declared that the state values the dignity of
women and children guarantees full respect for human rights. The state also recognizes the
need to protect the family and its members particularly women and children, from violence and
threats to their personal safety and security.

Towards this end, the State shall exert efforts to address violence committed against women
and children in keeping with the fundamental freedoms guaranteed under Constitution and the
Provisions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the convention on the Elimina tio n
of all forms of discrimination Against Women, Convention on the Rights of the Child and other
international human rights instruments of which the Philippines is a party.

Forms of Violence
1. Sexual Violence – which refers to an act which is sexual in nature, committed against
a woman or her child.
2. Emotional Violence – which refers to acts or omissions causing or likely to cause
mental or emotional suffering of the victim.
3. Financial Abuse – which refers to acts that make or attempt to make a woman
financially dependent.
4. Physical Violence – which refers to acts that include bodily or physical harm.

Who gets protected under the law?

The law recognizes the unequal relation between a man and a woman in an abusive relations hip
where the woman in an abusive relationship where the woman usually at a disadvantage. Thus
the law protects the woman and her children.

The victim-child who is a minor (legitimate/illegitimate), and a person aged 18 years and
beyond who doesn’t have the ability to decide for him/herself because of an emotiona l,
physical, and mental illness can make full use of the law.

Any child under the care of a woman is also protected under the law.

UNIVERSITY VISION UNIVERSITY MISSION QUALITY POLICY

PRMSU shall be premier learner-centered The President Ramon Magsaysay State University shall primarily provide The President Ramon Magsaysay State University is committed to continuall y
and proactive university in a digital and advance and higher professional, technical, and special instructions in various strive for excellence in instruction, research, extension and production to
global society. disciplines; undertake research, extension and income generation programs for strengthen global competitiveness adhering to quality standards for the utmost
the sustainable development of Zambales, the region and the country . satisfaction of its valued customers.
 Republic of the Philippines
President Ramon Magsaysay State University
(Formerly Ramon Magsaysay Technological University)
Iba, Zambales, Philippines

What can woman and children do under RA 9262?

Under the law, the offended party may file a criminal action, or apply for Protection Order
either as an independent action or as an incident in civil or criminal action and other remedies.

Protection Orders

A protection order is an order issued under this act for the purpose of safeguarding the victim
from further harm and ability of the victim to independently regain control over her life. The
protection order shall be enforced by law enforcement agencies.

 Barangay Protection Order (BPO)

 Temporary Protection Order (TPO)
 Permanent Protection Order (PPO)

Penalties under RA 9262

 Slight Physical Injuries – Arresto Mayor
 Less Physical Injuries – Prison Correctional
 Serious Physical Injuries – Prison Mayor

BATTERED SPOUSE SYNDROME

More commonly called “battered women’s syndrome” because most of the victims are
women, either wives or girlfriends of the perpetrators.
The highly variable symptom complex of physical and psychological injuries exhibited
by a woman repeatedly abused physically, Psychologically and sexually by her partner,
causing mental condition similar to PTSD – called battered wife syndrome, battered
women’s syndrome.

In recent years, however, abused husbands and boyfriends have gained increased attention, as
have same sex abuse by gay and lesbian partners.

How Does BWS Developed?

Battered women syndrome begins as an abusive cycle with three stages.

1. The abuser engages in behaviors that create relationship tension.

2. The tension explodes when the abuser commits emotional, sexual, or otherwise.
3. The abuser tries to fix his wrongdoing and apologizes. This stage is frequently referred
to as the “honeymoon” stage, and involves the abuser making amends for his bad
behavior. During the honeymoon stage, the abuser is forgiven, and the cycle starts all
over again.

UNIVERSITY VISION UNIVERSITY MISSION QUALITY POLICY

PRMSU shall be premier learner-centered The President Ramon Magsaysay State University shall primarily provide The President Ramon Magsaysay State University is committed to continuall y
and proactive university in a digital and advance and higher professional, technical, and special instructions in various strive for excellence in instruction, research, extension and production to
global society. disciplines; undertake research, extension and income generation programs for strengthen global competitiveness adhering to quality standards for the utmost
the sustainable development of Zambales, the region and the country . satisfaction of its valued customers.
 Republic of the Philippines
President Ramon Magsaysay State University
(Formerly Ramon Magsaysay Technological University)
Iba, Zambales, Philippines

Some experts see the battering cycle as a circle, Walker says. “I draw it as a graph because it
repeats itself and keeps getting worse.”

The cycle of abuse is a social cycle theory developed in 1979 by Lenore E. Walker to explain
patterns of behavior in an abusive relationship.

Cycle of Abuse
1. Tensions Building
2. Incident
3. Reconciliation
4. Calm

Republic Act 11313 – SAFE SPACE ACT OF 2019

An act defining gender-based sexual harassment in streets, public spaces, online,
workplaces, and educational or training institutions, providing protective measures and
prescribing penalties.

 Safe Space Act or the “Bawal Bastos Act” was signed into law last April 17, 2019
 Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) was approved on October 28, 2019.

Salient Features of the Safe Spaces Act (Bawal Bastos Law)

 Gender based sexual harassment

 Expands the scope of Anti Sexual Harassment Act of 1995
 Strengths the administrative mechanisms against sexual harassment in workplaces and
in educational and training institutions.
 Recognizes that sexual harassment can be committed between peers or by a subordinate
to a superior, by a student to a teacher or by a trainee to a trainer.
 Penalizes sexual harassment which also occurs in other environments such as public
spaces and online platforms.
 Outlines the additional duties and corresponding liabilities for employers and heads of
schools and training institutions to ensure that sexual harassment complaints in their
respective institutions are addressed appropriately.

UNIVERSITY VISION UNIVERSITY MISSION QUALITY POLICY

PRMSU shall be premier learner-centered The President Ramon Magsaysay State University shall primarily provide The President Ramon Magsaysay State University is committed to continuall y
and proactive university in a digital and advance and higher professional, technical, and special instructions in various strive for excellence in instruction, research, extension and production to
global society. disciplines; undertake research, extension and income generation programs for strengthen global competitiveness adhering to quality standards for the utmost
the sustainable development of Zambales, the region and the country . satisfaction of its valued customers.
 Republic of the Philippines
President Ramon Magsaysay State University
(Formerly Ramon Magsaysay Technological University)
Iba, Zambales, Philippines

BACKGROUND OF RA 11313

An overwhelming 88% of women aged 18 to 24 years old experienced sexual harassment in

the streets (SWS, 2010). While wolf whistling ant catcalling are the more common cases, other
forms of sexual harassment include lascivious language, stalking, rubbing or touching, indecent
gestures, exhibitionism and public masturbation. 58% of these incidents take place on the
streets and small alleys. They have also been reported to happen in public vehicles, washrooms,
schools and workplaces.

Public Spaces
Refer to streets and alleys, public parks, schools, buildings, malls, bars, restaurants,
transportation terminals, public markets, spaces used as evacuation centers, governme nt
offices, public utility vehicles as well as private vehicles covered by app-based transport
network services and other recreational spaces such as, but not limited to, cinema halls,
theaters and spas.
Gender-Based Streets and Public Spaces Sexual Harassments
The crimes of gender-based streets and public spaces sexual harassment are committed
through any unwanted and uninvited sexual actions or remarks against any person
regardless of the motive for committing such action or remarks.

UNIVERSITY VISION UNIVERSITY MISSION QUALITY POLICY

PRMSU shall be premier learner-centered The President Ramon Magsaysay State University shall primarily provide The President Ramon Magsaysay State University is committed to continuall y
and proactive university in a digital and advance and higher professional, technical, and special instructions in various strive for excellence in instruction, research, extension and production to
global society. disciplines; undertake research, extension and income generation programs for strengthen global competitiveness adhering to quality standards for the utmost
the sustainable development of Zambales, the region and the country . satisfaction of its valued customers.
 Republic of the Philippines
President Ramon Magsaysay State University
(Formerly Ramon Magsaysay Technological University)
Iba, Zambales, Philippines

What are the Acts of Gender Based Sexual Harassment (GBSH) in Public Spaces?

1. Catcalling refers to unwanted remarks directed towards a person, commonly done in

the form of wolf-whistling and misogynistic, transphobic, homophobic, and sexist
slurs;
2. Wolf-Whistling- a two-note whistled sound show interest, especially to a person viewed
as physically or sexually attractive
3. Leering/Intrusive gazing- looking or gazing in a lascivious or unpleasant way
4. Taunting-a taunt is a battle cry, sarcastic remarks, gestures, or insult intended to
demoralize the recipient, or to anger them and encourage reactionary behaviors without
thinking.
5. Sexist Remarks or Slurs statements that are indicative of prejudice, stereotyping, or
discrimination on the basis of sex, typically against women
6. Homophobic Remarks –are indicative of fear, hatred or aversion towards persons who
are perceived to be or actually identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, pansexual and
such other persons of diverse sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, or
towards any person perceived to or actually have experienced same-sex attraction.
7. Misogynistic Remarks or Slurs –statements that are indicative of the feeling of hating
women or the belief that men are inherently better than women
8. Transphobic Remarks–statements that are indicative of fear, hatred or aversion towards
persons whose gender identity and/ or expression do not conform with their sex
assigned at birth.
9. Persistent uninvited comments or gestures on a person’s appearance, relentless requests
for personal details, statement of sexual comments and suggestions, public
masturbation or flashing of private parts, groping, or any advances, whether verbal or
physical, that is unwanted and has threatened one’s sense of personal space and physical
safety, and committed in public spaces such as alleys, roads, sidewalks and parks.
10. Making offensive body gestures at someone
11. Exposing private parts for sexual gratification of the perpetrator with the effect of
demeaning, harassing, threatening or intimidating the offended party including flashing
of private parts, public masturbation, groping and similar lewd sexual actions.

UNIVERSITY VISION UNIVERSITY MISSION QUALITY POLICY

PRMSU shall be premier learner-centered The President Ramon Magsaysay State University shall primarily provide The President Ramon Magsaysay State University is committed to continuall y
and proactive university in a digital and advance and higher professional, technical, and special instructions in various strive for excellence in instruction, research, extension and production to
global society. disciplines; undertake research, extension and income generation programs for strengthen global competitiveness adhering to quality standards for the utmost
the sustainable development of Zambales, the region and the country . satisfaction of its valued customers.
 Republic of the Philippines
President Ramon Magsaysay State University
(Formerly Ramon Magsaysay Technological University)
Iba, Zambales, Philippines

Duties of the Local Government Unit

 LGUs shall bear primary responsibility in enforcing provisions.
 Pass an ordinance which shall localize the applicability of this Act within 60 days of its
effectivity.
 Disseminate or post in conspicuous place a copy of this Act and the ordinance.
 Provide measures to prevent gender based sexual harassment in educational institutio ns
such as information campaigns and anti-sexual harassment seminars.

RA No. 7877 – Anti-Sexual Harassment of 1995

The act is committed by a person who, having authority, influence or moral ascendancy over
another in a work or training or education environment, demands, requests or otherwise
requires any sexual favor from the other, regardless of whether the demand, request or
requirement for submission is accepted.

Gender-Based Online Sexual Harassment – an act that use information and communicatio ns
technology in terrorizing and intimidating victims through:

 Physical, psychological, and emotional threats, unwanted sexual misogynistic,

transphobic, homophobic and sexist remarks and comments online whether publicly or
through direct and private messages,
 Invasion of victim’s privacy through cyberstalking and incessant messaging,
uploading and sharing without the consent of the victim, any form of media that
contains photos, voice, or video with sexual content,
 Any unauthorized recording and sharing of any of the victim’s photos, videos, or any
information online,
 Impersonating identities of victims online or posting lies about victims to harm their
reputation,
 Filing false abuse reports to online platforms to silence victims.

Gender-Based Sexual Harassment in the Workplace

An act or series of acts involving any unwelcome sexual advances, requests or demand
for sexual favors or any act of sexual nature, whether done verbally, physically or
through the use of technology such as text messaging or electronic mail or through any
other forms of information and communication systems, that has or could have a
detrimental effect on the conditions of an individual’s employment or education, job
performance or opportunities;
A conduct of sexual nature and other conduct-based on sex affecting the dignity of a
person, which is unwelcome, unreasonable, and offensive to the recipient, whether done
verbally, physically or through the use of technology such as text messaging or
electronic mail or through any other forms of information and communication systems;
A conduct that is unwelcome and pervasive and creates an intimidating, hostile or
humiliating environment for the recipient: Provided, That the crime of gender-based
sexual harassment may also be committed between peers and those committed to a
superior officer by a subordinate, or to a teacher by a student, or to a trainer by a trainee;

UNIVERSITY VISION UNIVERSITY MISSION QUALITY POLICY

PRMSU shall be premier learner-centered The President Ramon Magsaysay State University shall primarily provide The President Ramon Magsaysay State University is committed to continuall y
and proactive university in a digital and advance and higher professional, technical, and special instructions in various strive for excellence in instruction, research, extension and production to
global society. disciplines; undertake research, extension and income generation programs for strengthen global competitiveness adhering to quality standards for the utmost
the sustainable development of Zambales, the region and the country . satisfaction of its valued customers.
 Republic of the Philippines
President Ramon Magsaysay State University
(Formerly Ramon Magsaysay Technological University)
Iba, Zambales, Philippines

Is sexual harassment between peers or by a subordinate to a superior now covered unde r

this law?

Yes. The first law to penalize sexual harassment, Anti- Sexual Harassment Act of 1995
(Republic Act No. 7877) recognized that sexual harassment occurs in work, education, and
training environments. However, it requires the existence of authority, influence or moral
ascendancy between the offender and the offended party. It did not specifically address the
issue of "hostile environment" resulting from sexual harassment between peers or co-
employees, or those committed against a superior. The Safe Spaces Act addresses these gaps
by recognizing that sexual harassment can be committed between peers, or by a subordinate to
a superior officer.

What can a victim of Workplace GBSH Do?

The victim can file an administrative complaint with the Committee on Decorum and
Investigation and/or file a civil and/or criminal case before the courts

What are the responsibilities of Employers under the Law?

(a) Disseminate or post in a conspicuous place a copy of this Act to all persons in the workplace;
(b) Provide measures to prevent gender-based sexual harassment in the workplace, such as the
conduct of anti-sexual harassment seminars;
(c) Create an independent internal mechanism or a committee on decorum and investigation to
investigate and address complaints of gender-based sexual harassment.
(d) Provide and disseminate, in consultation with all persons in the workplace, a code of
conduct or workplace policy.

UNIVERSITY VISION UNIVERSITY MISSION QUALITY POLICY

PRMSU shall be premier learner-centered The President Ramon Magsaysay State University shall primarily provide The President Ramon Magsaysay State University is committed to continuall y
and proactive university in a digital and advance and higher professional, technical, and special instructions in various strive for excellence in instruction, research, extension and production to
global society. disciplines; undertake research, extension and income generation programs for strengthen global competitiveness adhering to quality standards for the utmost
the sustainable development of Zambales, the region and the country . satisfaction of its valued customers.
 Republic of the Philippines
President Ramon Magsaysay State University
(Formerly Ramon Magsaysay Technological University)
Iba, Zambales, Philippines

UNIVERSITY VISION UNIVERSITY MISSION QUALITY POLICY

PRMSU shall be premier learner-centered The President Ramon Magsaysay State University shall primarily provide The President Ramon Magsaysay State University is committed to continuall y
and proactive university in a digital and advance and higher professional, technical, and special instructions in various strive for excellence in instruction, research, extension and production to
global society. disciplines; undertake research, extension and income generation programs for strengthen global competitiveness adhering to quality standards for the utmost
the sustainable development of Zambales, the region and the country . satisfaction of its valued customers.