EXERCISE 3.1 Very short answerlobjective questions (1 to 5): 1. (@ Draw diagrams for the following angles: (i) -135° (ii) 740°. In which quadrant do they lie? (b) Find another positive angle whose initial and final sides are same as that of ~135°, and indicate on the same diagram. 2. If 0 lies in second quadrant, in which quadrant the following will lie? @ 3 (i) 26 (i) -0. ‘Trigonometric FunctionsEXERCISE ~ 3°! y 3. Express the following angles in radian measure: @ me (o 315" (i. S70. 4 Express the following angles in degree measure os Be of we iy 38° (i 520° (i) 40°20 i) 37°50 Short answer questions (6 t0 10) 1 art pe | OS Reo larepntng ti org ran rw | ve @3 «3 2 An mats 30 ets in inte Tough ow any as it non pe ‘8, Find the angle in sada thaough which a pendulum swings iit length is 75 em and the tp describes an arco length: @ 10cm (15cm. 9, Bind the radius ofthe crcl in which a central angle of 5° makes an are of length 187 cm. (ord) 10. Find the length of an arc ofa circle of diameter 20cm which subtends an angle of 45° atthe centre, Long answver questions (11 to 20): 1 An engine is travelling along a circular railway tack of radius 1500 metres with a speed of {6D km/h. Pind the angle in degrees tured by the engine in 10 seconds. 12, Ifthe are ofthe same length in two circles subtond angles of 65° and 110° at their espective cents, ind the ratio oftheir ad 1, Lange hand of a clock is 21 om long, How much distance does its extremity move in 20 minutes? 14, Find the anges in degros through which a pendulum swing fits length is Sem and the tip deseribes an ae of length 010m i) bem (8) 26m (ue = 15 Find the length ofan arco circle ofradius75 cm thatspans a central angle of measure 126", Take x =3:1416, 16, Find the ange in radians between the hands of «clock at330 am 2. measures oftwoangesofatiangleare + and 1 2. The selarmenureoftwoangleofa nga 1 and. Find the hangin degree measure Taken = 2, 7 18 Thedtfeene between ate angles fit angled wanes in radian meas, Find these angles in depose. 19. The angles of tiangle are in A, and the greatest angle is double the least Find all the angles in circular measure. 29, Estate he ameter of thes supposing ts it ube an angle of at th ee of cher Given that he distance of hess 0m, ake n= AaB). Understanding I8¢ Mathematics Xt (DEXERCISE 3.2 Short and long answer questions (1 to 25): Prove the following (1 to 17) trigonometrical identities: 1 1 x @) —t+ 4 od @ T+tan?x 1+cot?x 1. (@ sinxcotx+ sin x cosecx = 2 () co®x- 4 +1=0 (i) seex (1-sin x) (sec x + tan x) sin? 2 x41 a. Lisex sats Go Ssnetsing _ seer weer 1-cosx tanx—sinx secr-1 < ome ae (ii) sec? x + cosec? x = sec? x cosec? x. secxt1” T+cosx cos 2x ‘. 5. (i) tan?x-sin? x= tan? x sin? x (i) x _ __ SiS _ = cs x + sin x. T=tany cosx—sine fre cosx x 6 sek cosec x + cot x qo Seeune 14sec x. 2 7 Mtoe tant T=cosx (secx= 1)? fw ax coc?x tan?x-1 sec?x—cosec?x sin? x - cos? x 8. (i) sintx-costx=1-2cos?x (ii) sect x-tant x =1+2 tan? x (iif) sin® x + cos® x= 1-3 sin? x cos? x. Hint (iii) B+ 3 = (a+ bP -3ab(a +b) Lttanx , 1+cotx sinx " cosx, 2 @ (sec x + cosec x) (ii) (sin x-+ cosec x)? + (cos x + sec x)? = tan? x + cot2x +7. 10. _(i) cosec® x -cot®x = 3 cot? x cosec? x +1 (if) sec8 x—tan6x=1+3 tan? x +3 tan‘ x. Understanding ISC Mathematics-XI (1)PME y 1p tanet cote=1 + secxeosee EXERCISE - 3-2. Asin, = 1 4sinxcosx cota. EEE! vats, EL a (0 ts ae 3-0 Seema 0 atrass mato ja (9 (in +063) 6x + cones) =2-+s0c conse = (ip (coe xsi 3) (ne x02) (in cots) = sin) 200 sino tans, etx 38. O “Gaeecoss * sins cose 0 sg MEAL sun ztny (o SELMNY cots tany array gut an. (9 sia? xcos2y cos? se y= nts sinty (i) tat S02 ye? x ta? y= tty. 48, eos + cod x= 1, prove that sin? +n [lininate betwee the following (19 t0 23) equations: 13, r=asecty=btant i, sec/ +tant=m,sect—tant =i Da acoeect + boot! =3,neott + beosee!=y. BB col cost = cot cos ees papa nea sett tat 1 ae ao 24 IEr=osintand 25, r= SES and n= SE, show tan? 1) coe Ba? i Answers Bato (SoG a tems : 2 e-yeae 23, (ni n2)2= 16 mn Mepemee toeEXERCISE 3.3 Very short answerlobjective questions (1 to 9): 4, Write the domain of the following trigonometric functions: (i) sinx (i) tanx (iii) secx 2. Write the range of the following trigonometric functions: (i) cosx (ii) cotx (iii) cosec x. 3. What is the domain of the function f defined by f(x) = dis ag 3-2sinx 4, Find the range of the function: f(x) =2+5 sin 3x. 5. Which of the six trigonometric functions are positive for the angles 4n o 7” 4n Tn, aF w 2 6, Inwhich quadrant does z lie if (@ cos xis positive and tan xisnegative (ii) both sin x and cos x are negative eg 4 3 : . Zz 1 = 4 andcosx=-2 a2 a (i) sin x= $ and cosx=-2 (io) sin x= 5 and cos x=~+ 7, Find the values of the following: ™ 25m on @ tan (o sec 8. Find the values of the following:. | In ay - andsinx+ sin y= 4 prove that tan (Exemplar) sin(xty) _ a+b tanx _@ m ON Gy 7p then show that TO => (i If cos (x + 2y) = mos x, prove that cot y ead tan (x+y). (iii) cos 2x cos 6x (iv) cos 10x + cos 4x Answers 1. (i sinSxtsinx (ii) sin5x-sinx (ii) 2cos6xsin3x (iii) [Link] 8xcos 4x (iv) ~2 sin 10x sin 3x 2. (i) 2sin 8x cos 2xEXERCISE 3.7) 92 Very short answerlobjective questions (1 to 3): 1. lfsinx= 2, find the value of cos 2. 2 eos x=~2, find the value of cos 2x. 3. Iftanx= $ find the values of: () tan2 (i) sin2x (ii) cos 2x.OO, — | ExeRCISE Stor ane gestion (10 10% 4. tins 3 finde valet 3 find the value of cos 3 5 tema? eactea a 1-sin2e (D eote 2 (a) (oo x-sin sf = 1-82 (i) SPE scons 2, Prove hat: eee © eeesar * Soest tants (Teor 8 Prove that 9 Wess = Lessin 9, Evaluate without using ables 09 aoe!" nz 2ees-1 (i), 800? 20° [Link] 20° (Go) 9 sin 40" —4 sin? 0. 10, Prove that: 8 E co =a} i) sin 24° — sin? 6° = * 0 cos E +008 Fo 5 co) - B21 (sn 72 cost 30" « B= (ip sink 72" sink = Cee ee EER RREEEEENR REAmnennnn! Long answer questions (11 to 26: sinter osin® 11, Prove that cos x cot 2x cos 4x 08 8x = 12, Prove that S22 13, Drove that 1+ cos?2x 14, Prove that: (0 cot tan @ (in tan ($+) =tanx+seex o) SSB = tan(E-x). ‘cosee2x and deduce that tan 75° + cot 75° =4 15, Prove that an x + cot Uniting BE Natoiy wee SEE prove tana soa ga wont wt tan? y +1, show that cos 2+ sic? # ye stan provethatan e+ y)= 28824 ae 3 prove thatcosay= 324 ap daayet prove tateo2ys (st) ip pve at rede <1 -8enex+ Beasts 0 Shares ins 20a? IP 5(m 2 sp rebate? 4° (3) sa (2-2) 2 Provethat {sin 6" sin 42 sin 66° sin 78° cos, % ego cont hadnt emt Bere Ban? nc Cxemplar) ft HLS. = con 367 cos 72 cos 18° cos 86° = 60836" cos(80" 18" c0s(180"~ 36) cas(Z7" +18") 05 36" sin 18°(-cos 36") sin 18° 6 cre ut tn = 2c y= the use of ables the values of @ singe+y) ost 2 Findsin 3, cos £ and tan 2 if aia 2 and x,y are in the same quadrant, calculate withoutEXERCISE 3.8 Very short answerlobjective questions (1 t0 4): 1L Find the principal solutions of the following equations: @ sinx= 3 (i) cosx=1 (ii tan x= 1 (wi) cosee x (iv) tnx=- (v) cosx (vil) see x= ~V2 (viti) tanx=-1 (ix) V3 cosec x =-2. ind the general solutions ofthe following (2 to 18) equations: (i sin (x4 2 ( sin3x=0 (io sin ¥ =0 (#3 (i) cos (x48 (tan = ([Link] (x-$) =0 -4 i) cotx- i) see x =2 3. @ cosx= > (if) cotx= (iii) sec, (iv) singe (v) cotr=- v3 (vi) cosec 4) V2sinx+1=0 (i) 1+tanx=0 (iil) V3 secx+2=0. Short answer questions (5 to 7): 5 @ wie (i deo x=3 (i domects=4 1 2 (i cos3x=- i) an 6 @ sin2x= (ili) cOsec 3x: 7 (i) sec3x=-v2 (ii) cot ax = Long answer questions (8 to 18): (i sin9x=sin x. 8. « (i) cos3x=cosx 9. ~ (i) tan3x=cotx (i tanx+ cot 3x= 10. ( 2sinxcosx=sinx + i) tan?x— VB tanx=0. wa. () sinx=tanx (ii) sec? x= 1 + tan x. 12. (i) cosec?x=2cot x (i tanx+eotx=2. = — secx (i) cos 3x + cos x~2 cos 2x =0. (i sin x—sin 2x + sin 3x = 0, (i) 2sint x =3 cos. (ii) 2sintx+ VB cosx+1=0. (i) cosx-sinx+1=0 (Exemplar) 13, ( tanx+cot. 14. (j)'sin 2x + sin 4x+sin 6x =0 15, () 7eostx+3sin?x= 16. (i) 4cos?x-4sinx-1=0 17. (i) cosx+sin (ii) JB cos x- sinx=1, 18. () Dsecx+tanx=1 Understanding 1SC Mathematics XI () (i cosee x =cot r+ IBEXERCISE 3.9 Very short answerlobjective questions (1 to 4): 1. Ina AABC, ifa = 4, b = 5 and c= 6, find cos C. 2. Ina AABC, ifa =7, c=8 and ZB = 45°, find area of SABC. 3. Ina AABC, ifa = 4, b = 6 and c=8, find the value of 4 cos B + 3 cos C. 4, Ina ABC, ifa =3, b =5 and c =6, then verify that ¢ =a cos B +b cos A. Short and long answer questions (5 to 25): In any triangle ABC, prove the following (5 to 16): 2(be cos A + ca cos B + ab cos C) = a? + b? + c%. a cos, cosB , cosC _ a 6 c x 9. (- b)? cos? 4 + (c+ DP sin? a =a, # sin(B-C) , bsin(C- A) , csin(A ~ B) = " sinB+sinC © sinC+sinA sinA+sinB — ae | we eae cosA+cosB cosB+cosC cosC+cosA +12. b? sin 2C + c? sin 2B = 2be sin A. B- - 13. ———cosA+ cosB + cos C = 0. a e-@ e-P b ¢ 14. b2 cos 2A — a? cos 2B = b? ~ a2, +15. (c? — a? + b?) tan A = (a? ~ b? + c2) tan B = (b? - c? + a2) tan C. Understanding ISC Mathematics-XI (1)EXERCISE -3 1q A c pAlacra-b, a[esmes res 7 16 a triangle ABC, sin 2A + sin 2B = sin 2C, prove that either A = 90° if int yr. or B= 90°, ‘wa triangle ABC, sin? A + sin? B = g ‘ge. Hin 18: in? C, prove that AABC is tight angled, soe A see, show that the triangle is isosceles, 9 ifin a triangle ABC, . in triangle ABC, if = 18, b = 24 and c = 30 then find 20, In (i ‘ (iy’sin A, sin B, sin C. ) cos A, cos B, cos c yes 7om, b= 5 cm and ¢ = 3 cm, prove that the triangle has an obtuse angle. 4 if the angles of a triangle are in the ratio 1: 2: 3, prove that the corre sponding sides of the triangle are in ratio 1: V3 :2, : yp. Ina ABC, a= 1, b= V3 and C = 2. Find the other two angles and the third side, 24, Two boats leave a place at the same time. One travels * While the other travels 48 km in the direction $ 80° boats? 25. Two trees A and B are on the same side of the river Fi " distance of the trees A and B is 250 m and 300 m respe the distance between the trees. Use J2 = 1.44, 56 km in the direction N 40° E, E, What is the distance between the rom a point C in the river the tively. If the angle C is 45°, find Answers L 2. 14.2 sq, units 3.2 20. o 23,0 23.1 23. ZA = 30°, 2B = 120°, ¢=1 24, 52.5 km (approx.) 25, 215.5 km (approx.)MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS Choose the correct answer from the given four options in questions (1 to #4): 1. Lradian is approximately equal to (@) 57°16 (b) 47°18°30" (0) 53°17'45" (@) 43°16" 2. 1°%s approximately equal to (@) 0.001746 radians () 0.01746 radians (0) 0.0001746 radians (@) 0.1746 radians 3, If lies in second quadrant, then the quadrant in which 3 lies is (@ Iquadrant ——(®) Wquadrant (© Wquadrant (a) IV quadrant 4. The angle in degree measure between two hands of a clock at 8 : 30 p.m. is (a) 55° (b) 66° (c) 75° (a) 80° 5. ‘The angle subtended by an arc of length 20 cm at the centre of circle when radius is 14 cm is 5 a 10 7 5 na ae e, (@) 3 radians © F radians @ jp radians — @) [ radians Trigonometric FunctionsVESTION § 6 Awhel makes 459 revolutions per hour The aumber of radians through wich i ens in one tend 3 ot ws @ Sbutnort @ Sor-# 9 ~fbutnar E noneoftese 8. Theva foe 7509 : ok o-2 2 o-% 9. Teva tn ~18) w- 1 ot o-% 10, Therange +5 08116 @ L491 oa OA ME 1 Thedomainof ain scons OR MRE OR ont 12 tts quant andtan = 3, tenn nd os expecvey s 2 s 2 @ £,-2 é Ope Ons B Oras 8 18, The value ofan? £ +cosee? ZF cos is equa to wn o3 o-4 2 8 14 hvac (2813) oe fet 2-2) ve] @a wo @1 @2 15, Hsin + cosec 02, then sin? 0+ conc is equal to @1 m4 @2 We 16, Ufa) = cos? sec then (@) fiz)<1 fat © 2 2320. at Dut tan?.x20 for al 29, Solve the following equations: (9 wn2e=-cot (1+) (ii) sin? x + B =20+ S)sinx (a cot?x + [Link]+3=0 (i) wbx (04 B)tans+ 5 «0 (oi) tan (Fx) +tan($— (o) cos 2x cos 8x + 0s 6 =1 (oi) cosee x=14 cotx 130, In any triangle ABC, prove that © [rar Srcor8) masse 0 githgnt Oa Fe S31, Ina triangle ABC, ifcos A + cos Answers, ae 2 Loe wF 4 (mn? 5. 10 6-1 9-1 10.2 ne ni ad “7 56 s 1 16, No wa 30% w-S W-F 2, (m+ Enel Gi) m= (ay Eee (a Gmel (ii) ns (at Ein (Cae Fm ed (io) at Finns 3 nel (©) Qn+HE;S,nel — (o) me, nel (oii) ane+ Ey net (Goma) Understanding ISC Mathematics-X1 (D