Department of Trade and Industry
CONSTRUCTION MANPOWER
DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION
CONTROL OF
HAZARDOUS ENERGIES
Lock-Out / Tag-Out (LOTO) in the
Workplace
LOCKOUT / TAGOUT
OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health
Association) requires all employer to
comply with an energy control
program, including training and
inspection, to ensure that machines
that could unexpectedly start up or
become energized or release energy
are rendered safe before service and
maintenance is performed.
TOPIC OBJECTIVES
To be able to identify the relevant points of
lockout/tagout with reference to OSH standards
for electrical, mechanical, and piping system
work.
To recognize the types of hazardous energies.
To understand the application of lockout/tagout
in controlling hazardous energies.
DOLE PROVISIONS
RULE 1412.03: Electrical (OSHS)
Before construction During construction
Barriers to avoid
Prevent electrocution contact/ or
making apparatus
electrically dead
DOLE PROVISIONS
RULE 1412.04: Machine Guarding (OSHS)
All moving parts of
machinery
To prevent
Shall be physical contact
guarded with persons or
objects not part of
it
DOLE PROVISIONS
RULE 1412.08: Pipelines (OSHS)
Pipelines under
pressure
Release the pressure Blocked-off the line
pressure
Definitions
LOCK OUT
Lockout (LO): The
placement of a physical
restraining energy isolating
device, which ensures that
the system cannot be
operated or cannot release a
hazardous energy.
Definitions
TAG OUT
Tag out (TO): The
placement of a warning/
identification tag on an
energy isolating device to
indicate that the system must
not be operated. It also
identifies the person who
applied the lock/tag, and how
to contact that person.
Definitions
Authorized Employee -
one who locks out machines or
equipment in order to perform
the servicing or maintenance
on that machine or equipment.
Definitions
Affected Employee
- one whose job requires him/her
to operate or use a machine or
equipment on which servicing or
maintenance is being performed
under lockout, or whose job
requires him/her to work in an area
in which such servicing or
maintenance is being performed.
Definitions
Energy Isolating Device -
A mechanical device that physically
prevents the transmission or release of
energy.
Definitions
Energy Control Procedure -
Safety program adopted by the
employer that includes energy
control procedures plus
provisions for inspecting the
procedures and training
employees for lockout/tagout.
Hazardous Energy Sources Found
in the Workplace
Electrical: voltage, current, static electrical potentials,
Chemical: reaction, fire, explosion
Mechanical: shearing, rolling, crushing, pinching
Thermal: hotter than 113°F/45°C, colder than 39°
F/4°C
Potential or stored energy: batteries, springs,
capacitors
Other: laser, ionizing & non-ionizing radiation,
pneumatic, hydraulic, gravitational, pressure
What is a hazardous energy?
Any form of energy, in an
uncontrolled state, which
presents a POTENTIAL for
injury to person/s or
damage to property/ies.
The “Fatal Five” Main Causes of
Lockout/Tagout Injuries
Failure to stop equipment
Failure to disconnect from power source
Failure to dissipate (bleed,
neutralize) residual energy
The “Fatal Five” Main Causes of
Lockout/Tagout Injuries
Accidental restarting of equipment.
Failure to clear work
areas before restarting
Types of Locking/Tagging
Isolation Tag (hazardous energies)
Labeled lockout hasps
Wall switch lockout
Stop power
Types of Locking/Tagging
Various Types of Padlocks
Lockout Identifier Labels
Types of Locking/Tagging
Transmission Line Tags
Hazardous Waste Tag
Situations Requiring Lockout/Tagout
(LOTO)
• Servicing, maintaining, or repairing any equipment where
hazardous energies are present. (Moving parts may
create a safety hazard.)
• Working on pipe lines that carry hazardous chemicals, in
gas and liquid forms, which are high-pressure, toxic,
corrosive, etc.
• Working on electrical circuits and systems to prevent the
risk of electrical shock, flash, or blast.
• Working near other hazardous energies that could result
in the unintentional release of stored energy, causing
injury.
Equipment Lockout/Tagout
Equipment Lockout/Tagout
Occasionally You May See a Yellow Tag
Without a Lock On a Piece of Equipment That is
Out of Service.
This machine is Tagged Out because it
Will Not Run.
The Tag will tell you what is wrong
with the equipment.
Never attempt to operate equipment
that has been tagged.
Piping System Lockout/Tagout
Valve Lockout Kits
Round Valve Lockout
Ball Valve Lockout
Valve Tag
Electrical Lockout/Tagout
Fuse blockout devices
What A Typical Lockout/Tagout
Looks Like With a Personal
Protection Lock.
Advance Electrical Lockout/Tagout
Machine Padlock Lockout Station
Advance Electrical Lockout/Tagout
Circuit Breaker Lockout Kit
Advance Electrical Lockout/Tagout
Wall Switch Lockout
Cable Plug
Lock group lock box
General Rules
LOTO is required when the work requires an employee
to place any part of his/her body into an area where a
danger zone exists.
Only authorized persons are allowed to perform
LOTO.
All systems containing hazardous energies must be
capable of accepting LOTO.
A LOTO device may NOT be removed on behalf of
another person, unless the Abandoned Lock Removal
Procedures are followed.
LOTO System Rules
Use only approved locks and tags.
Use a tag (with all required
information) with a lock.
LOTO devices shall not be used for
any purpose other than controlling
hazardous energies.
Do not remove someone else’s lock
or tag.
LOCK OUT PROCEDURE
Alert the operator (s) that power is being disconnected.
Preparation for Shutdown
Equipment Shutdown
Equipment Isolation
Application of Lockout Devices
Control of Stored Energy
Equipment Isolation-Verification
LOCK OUT PROCEDURE
Ensure equipment is safe to operate.
Safeguard all employees.
Remove lockout/tagout devices. Except in
emergencies, each device must be removed
by the person who put it on.
Last person to take off lock.
Follow checklist.
Temporarily Reactivating Equipment
Remove unnecessary tools from the work area
and make sure everyone is clear of the
equipment.
Remove lockout/tagout devices and re-energize
the system.
As soon as the energy is no longer needed, isolate
the equipment and re-apply lockout/tagout.
Special Situations
Servicing lasts longer than one shift.
Contractors are performing service or
maintenance at your workplace.
Worker who applied lock is not available.
Abandoned locks.
Special Situations
Where the signatory of the Personal Danger
Tag is unavailable; due to illness, leave, is not
at his/her normal place of residence, or other
acceptable cause, the responsible Manager
may remove the LOTO, after a full and thorough
investigation.
Special Situations
Abandoned locks.
The lock may not be cut until:
All forms of hazardous energy are identified to be at
zero hazardous energy level.
The Abandoned Lock Removal Form has been completed
and procedures followed.
The employee (or his/her immediate supervisor) has
been informed that the lock has been removed.
Additional Info…
A person shall not operate or move any switch,
valve, control, and machinery or use equipment
when there is a LOTO fixed to it.
Any specific item of equipment, valves or
machinery on which a LOTO has been placed
must not be used or operated.
Additional Info…
Isolation Tags should be attached to the main
isolating control switches or valves in a position
readily visible and should be correctly
completed to show:
• The reason for isolating the equipment
• The NAME (in block letters) of the person
placing the tag
• Authorized Person’s Department
• Authorized Person’s Signature
• Date
• Time (and whether AM or PM)
• The number of the associated Work Permit
Additional Info…
Never attempt lockout/tagout procedures unless
you have been trained and certified by your
employer under an approved Energy Control
Program.
Never loan or share your lock, combination, or
key with anybody else.
Always be sure all lockout/tagout devices are
compatible with the environment in which they
will be used i.e. corrosive, humid, etc.
THE END
Any Questions?
