Marking Scheme

Class - 10 Pre-Board(2024-25) Subject- Social Science

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1. d) Custom Union
2. b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. c) Iron and steel industry
4. a) (ii), (i), (iv), (iii)
5. a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
6. b) 1992
7. d) It shows Secularism
8. d) Organized Sector
9. c) Lahore
10. a) Absence of collateral
11. b) Inequalities exist in democracies.
12. b) Grazing and fuelwood collection
13. a) natural/manufactured
14. a) More competition among producers
15. b) 1878
16. True
17. c) Mahatma Gandhi
18. d) Leads to spread of technology, culture and diseases from one region to another.
19. b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
20. a) 1-D, 2-C, 3-B, 4-A

21. The legislative powers are divided as per the subjects in the constitution:
a) Union list
b) State List
c) Concurrent List

22. 1. The silk routes are a good example of vibrant pre-modern trade and cultural links between the
distant parts of the world.
2. These ancient routes were called the silk routes because along these routes were mainly carried the silk
cargoes from China to different regions of Asia, Europe and northern Africa.
OR
The most powerful weapon of the Spanish conquerors was the germs such as those of smallpox and the carried
on their person.

23. We can classify the energy resources:

a) Conventional energy resources
b) Non-conventional energy resources

24. The system of checks and balances is the arrangement of power sharing among different organs of the
government. In India, we have Legislature, executive and Judiciary.

25. 1. Copying was an expensive and time consuming business.

2. Manuscripts were fragile and awkward to handle.
3. They could not be carried around or read easily.
4. Their circulation, therefore, remained limited.
5. Manuscripts were difficult to read because the style of writing of different people varied.
26. Intermediate goods:-

1. These goods are used in the production process as a raw material for the production of final goods.

2. These goods are not included in the GDP to avoid the problem of double counting.

3. For example: Wood is an intermediate good in the manufacturing of furniture.

Final goods:-

1. These goods are used for final consumption and cannot be manufactured further.

2. These goods are included in GDP.

3. For example: Furniture, Biscuits etc.

27. Development refers to the progress or improvement in the lifestyle. It is a long run process whereby
average income grows for a long period of time.
Aspects of Development:

1. Different persons can have different development goals.

2. What may be development for one may not be development for others. It may even be destructive for
others.

OR
(1) Money cannot buy us a pollution- free environment.

(2) Money cannot buy us a disease free life and might not be able to get protection from infectious disease.

(3) Besides Money, people also like to have equal treatment in the society, freedom, dignity and Honour in
their lives, which money cannot buy them.

28. 1). In India, the proportion of women in the legislature is very low.
2). Percentage of elected women in the state assembly is less than 5%.
3). Percentage of elected women in the Lok Sabha is only 10%.
4). India is among the bottom group of nations in the world in women participation in national Parliament in
different regions of the world.
5). India is behind the averages for several developing countries of Africa and Latin America.
29. Institutional reforms:-

1. Abolition of zamindari system :- consolidation of land holding and abolition of zamindari system.

2. The Green Revolution and White revolution were some of the strategies initiated to improve the condition
of the farmers.

3. Establishment of Gramin Bank, cooperative society for providing loan facilities to the farmers.

4. Kisan Credit Card:- The Kisan credit card was introduced by the government of India for the benefit of
the farmers.
5. Minimum Support Price(MSP):- The government also announced the Minimum Support Price(MSP) for
the important crops.

30. 1. After defeating Napoleon European powers met at Vienna to draw up a settlement for Europe.

2. It was hosted by Austrian chancellor Duke Metternich.

3. The main objective was to restore monarchy.

4. The Bourbon dynasty was put back in power.

5. A series of states were set up on the boundaries of France to prevent French expansion.

6. A series of states was set up like

(a) Kingdom of Netherlands in the north

(b) Genova was added to Piedmont in the south

(c) Austria got the control of north Italy

(d) Russia was given part of Poland

(e) Russia got a part of saxony

(f) German Confederation was left untouched.

Or

1. During the middle of the 19th Century, Italy was divided into seven States.

2. The north was under the Austrian Habsburg, the center was ruled by the Pope and the southern region was
under the domination of Bourbon king of Spain.

3. During 1830, Mazzini sought to put together a coherent program for a unitary Italian Republic.

4. The real credit for the unification of Italy goes to Cavour. He allied with France and defeated Austria in
1859.

5. Meanwhile Garibaldi marched into South Italy with his Revolutionary force and the Kingdom of the Two
Sicilies joined Sardinia.

6. Later on Papal State, France also joined hands with Sardinia.

7. In 1861, the process of unification of Italy was completed and Victor Emmanuel II was proclaimed king of
United Italy.

31. Resource Planning: Judicious use of resources called resource planning.

1. If the present trend of resource depletion by few individuals continues, the future of the planet is in danger.

2. Planning is essential for the sustainable existence of all forms of life.

3. Resource planning becomes extremely important in a country like India, which has enormous diversity in
the availability of resources.

4. Indiscriminate exploitation of resources has led to a global ecological crisis.

OR

1.It is black in color and is also known as regur soil.

2.It is good for the growth of cotton so it is known as black cotton soil.

3.It is rich in soil nutrients like calcium , carbonate,potash,lime and magnesium.

4.It is found in the plateaus of Maharashtra , Saurashtra , Malwa, chhattisgarh,madhya pradesh.

5.They are made up of lava flows.

32. a) Contest elections:

b) Policies and Programmes:-

c) To make Laws:-
d) Role of Opposition:-

e) Shape public opinion:

f) Form and Run the Government:- (To be explained)

OR

Lack of internal democracy:-

a) Concentration of power in one or few leaders at the top.

b) Parties do not keep the membership registers.

c) They do not hold organizational meetings.

d) They do not conduct internal elections regularly.

e) Ordinary members of the party do not get sufficient information on what happens inside the

Dynastic Succession :-

A) The top leaders of the parties or their founder try to keep the power in hands of their family

B) Only the top most position in the parties is always controlled by the members of one family.

C) It is unfair for the other members of that party.

Money and Muscle Power:-

A) Parties tend to nominate those candidates who have or can raise a lot of money.

B) Rich people and companies who give funds to the parties influence the functioning and decision making of
the parties.
Lack of Meaningful Choice:-

A) Political parties do not provide a meaningful choice to voters. There is no ideological differences among
the political parties.

B) In India differences among all the major parties on economic policies have reduced.

C) Sometimes people cannot even select different Leaders because the same set of leaders keep shifting from
one party to another party.

33. 1.Credit helps those people from all walks of life in setting up their business, increasing their income
and supporting their families.

2. Credit helps in the development of Primary, secondary and tertiary sector.

3. Credit helps the people to meet the ongoing expensive production, complete production on time and thereby
increase his earnings.

4. Credit helps the farmers to purchase fertilizers, pesticides, the repair of agriculture equipment etc.

5. Farmers usually take crop loans at the beginning of this season and repay the loan after harvest.

6. Cheaper credit helps rural and urban households in removing their poverty and improving their standard of
living.

OR

1. Banks are not present everywhere in rural India whereas informal sources are easily available in all villages.

2. Moneylenders provide loans to poor people without any collateral.

3. They want to avoid frequent visits to banks, being illiterate.

4. The poor people have hesitation in making communication with the employees of the financial institutions.

5. The browsers can, if necessary, approach the moneylenders even without repaying their earlier loans.

34. 34.1) Punjab

34.2) Punjab
34.3) Kerala state has a high Human index because of the better education and better medical
facilities.

35. 35.1) To generate electricity

35.2) Uttrakhand
35.3) i. Displacement of people
ii. Floods (any other relevant point)

36. 36.1) Rallies organized in various cities against Rowlatt act

36.2) General Dyer
36.3) i) Some came to protest against the government’s new repressive measures.
 ii) Others had come to attend the annual Baisakhi fair.

37. Map skill:

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