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The presentation covers Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), a supervised technique for dimensionality reduction that enhances classification accuracy by preserving class-discriminatory information. It highlights the necessity of LDA in machine learning, particularly for high-dimensional data, and showcases real-world applications such as medical diagnosis and face recognition. A practical demo using the Breast Cancer Wisconsin dataset illustrates LDA's effectiveness in reducing features while maintaining classification performance.

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17 views4 pages

Presentation Topic

The presentation covers Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), a supervised technique for dimensionality reduction that enhances classification accuracy by preserving class-discriminatory information. It highlights the necessity of LDA in machine learning, particularly for high-dimensional data, and showcases real-world applications such as medical diagnosis and face recognition. A practical demo using the Breast Cancer Wisconsin dataset illustrates LDA's effectiveness in reducing features while maintaining classification performance.

Uploaded by

yagvish60
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Presentation Topic: "Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA): Classifying and Reducing Dimensions

in Real-World Problems"

🎯 Presentation Flow (For 9–10 Minutes)

1. ✅ What is LDA? (1–1.5 minutes)

 Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) is a technique used to:

o Reduce the number of features (dimensions)

o Preserve class-discriminatory information

o Improve classification accuracy

 Unlike PCA (which is unsupervised), LDA is supervised, meaning it considers class labels.

📌 Think of it as projecting data onto a line where classes are most separable.

2. ✅ Why LDA is Needed in ML (1 min)

 High-dimensional data slows down learning and causes overfitting

 LDA helps:

o Remove noise and irrelevant features

o Enhance classification

o Visualize data in fewer dimensions

🎯 Example: Facial recognition — converting a 100x100 pixel image (10,000 features) to a smaller
number of useful features that still differentiate faces

3. ✅ Real-World Applications of LDA (1–1.5 min)

Application How LDA Helps

Medical Diagnosis Classifying patients based on symptoms

Face Recognition Separating facial features for different people


Application How LDA Helps

Marketing Segmentation Identifying customer groups from behavior

Finance Fraud detection and risk classification

4. ✅ When to Use LDA in Real Problems? (1 min)

Choose LDA when:

 You have labeled data (classification)

 Data has more features than samples

 You want interpretability

 You want to visualize high-dimensional data (e.g., 2D plot)

 You are using Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, SVM and want better inputs

5. ✅ Live Practical Demo with Real Data + Code (4 mins)

🩺 Use Case: Cancer Diagnosis (Benign vs Malignant)

Using the famous Breast Cancer Wisconsin dataset from sklearn.

python

CopyEdit

from sklearn.datasets import load_breast_cancer

from sklearn.discriminant_analysis import LinearDiscriminantAnalysis

from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split

from sklearn.linear_model import LogisticRegression

from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score

# Load dataset

data = load_breast_cancer()

X, y = data.data, data.target
# Split

X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.3, random_state=42)

# Apply LDA

lda = LinearDiscriminantAnalysis(n_components=1)

X_train_lda = lda.fit_transform(X_train, y_train)

X_test_lda = lda.transform(X_test)

# Train classifier on LDA output

clf = LogisticRegression()

clf.fit(X_train_lda, y_train)

# Predict

y_pred = clf.predict(X_test_lda)

print("Accuracy:", accuracy_score(y_test, y_pred))

🧠 Explanation:

 Original dataset: 30 features → LDA reduces to 1

 Still retains most discriminatory power

 Classifier achieves high accuracy with reduced dimensions

6. ✅ Conclusion (Final 1 min)

 LDA is powerful for both dimensionality reduction and classification

 Helps avoid overfitting, especially with small data and many features

 Real-world ready: from medical to image processing

 Works best when class labels are available


📈 Optional: Add Graph/Visualization

python

CopyEdit

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.scatter(X_test_lda, y_test, c=y_pred, cmap='coolwarm')

plt.title("LDA Projection of Breast Cancer Data")

plt.xlabel("LDA Component 1")

plt.show()

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