Assignment

D e s i g n o f S t r u c t u r es
Subject Code: 3150612

B.E. SEM V (CIVIL engineering)

ODD 2025-26

APPLIED MECHANICS DEPARTMENT

L. D. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, AHMEDABAD

 Instructions

(i) Use one side ruled and one side blank pages to prepare design report
(ii) The report shall have following format (lay out)
Margin for bullets Margin to write references

Page
Main Heading
no.
Sub heading

Design calculation/write
up

Blank Side
For Sketches

(iii) Mark 1” margins on right. Use left margin to show bullets and right margin to show
references like clause of code/page etc.
(iv) Start new design problem on new page
(v) Heading and sub heading shall be distinct than write up
(vi) Support the calculation/s with neat sketches wherever required
(vii) Attach A3 size sheet if required to furnish design detailing.
(viii) All design detailing shall be strictly as per relevant IS standards.
(ix) Student shall bring required IS codes and other references in class and tutorial/Lab.
 1. Introduction
Q: 1 What is the aim of design for any structure?
Q: 2 Enlist different reinforcing steel bars used in RCC and defined their properties through stress
strain plots.
Q: 3 Explain Working Stress Method, Ultimate Load Theory and Limit State Method of RCC
design with assumption and limitations if any.
Q: 4 Write about loads to be considered while designing any RC structure in detail?
Q: 5 Define following terms with illustrative sketch(s) if required.

(i) Characteristic strength (fck) of concrete (ii) Characteristic strength (fy) of steel
(iii) Characteristic loads (iv) Partial safety factors
(v) Design strength (vi) Design load
(vii) Clear span (viii Gross section
)
(ix) Nominal cover/ Clear cover (x) Effective cover
(xi) Ordinary, standard and high strength concrete (xii) Exposure conditions
(xiii) Effective depth (xiv) Effective span
Q: 6

State the main advantage of steel as a structural material.

Q: 7

Sketch the typical stress-strain curve of mild steel indicating the three important regions.
Q: 8

List a few Indian standard codes that are followed while designing structures made of steel.
Q: 9

Explain various serviceability limit states considered by IS:800-2007.

Q: 10

Write down the physical properties of structural steel.

Q: 11

Define the classes of steel cross section as per IS 800-2007.

Q: 12

Explain plastic hinge and plastic section modulus

 2. Application of Limit State Philosophy to Beam and Slab Elements

(A) Beam

Q: 1 Explain under Reinforced, Over Reinforced and Balance section design. Write equations to
find Moment of Resistance for the balanced section, under reinforced section and over
reinforced section.
Q: 2 Find the Moment of Resistance of following singly R/F beam sections. Consider Clear cover
to main reinforcement =30 mm, vertical clear spacing between main bars=25 mm

Sr RF
Concrete & Tension RF
No. b x D mm Arrangemen
Steel grades RF Arrangement
t

1 250 x 500 M20-Fe415 3-16# A-2

D
2 250 x 550 M30-Fe500 5-20# A-1 b b
A-1 A-2
b b
Q: 3 Design a rectangular beam section for simply supported beam of an effective span of 3.5 m
loaded with service load 50kN/m including self-weight. Due to architectural considerations,
the width of beam has to be restricted to 230mm.Draw sketch of cross-section of beam. Take
M 20, Fe 415.
Q: 4 Explain Doubly Reinforced design. When doubly RF design is necessary?
Q: 5 Find the ultimate moment of resistance of a doubly reinforced beam having b= 230mm, d=
460 mm, d’ = 40 mm, reinforced with
(i) Tension reinforcement 4-20# and compression reinforcement 2-16#.
(ii) Tension reinforcement 4-25# and compression reinforcement 2-20#.
Use M 20, Fe 415
Q: 6 Design a section for simply supported rectangular RC beam, having a span 5.5m, subjected to
UDL of 33.8kN/m. Compute the required reinforcement, assuming the breadth of beam as
230mm and effective cover for compression and tension reinforcement as 50mm. Assume
that the beam is supported by load bearing masonry of thickness 230mm. Use M20, Fe 415.
Check the beam for deflection.
Q: 7 How is the effective flange width calculated for T-beam using IS code?
Q :8 Find the Moment of resistance for following beam sections.

Sr. bw x d Concrete & Steel

Tension RF bf (mm) Df (mm)
No. mm grades
1 300x 600 M20-Fe415 4-25# 900 120
2 300x 600 M20-Fe500 5-28# 900 120
Q: 9 A rectangular beam of size 230 mm width and 450 mm effective depth is reinforced with four
bars of 20 mm diameter. Determine the required vertical shear reinforcement to resist the
factored shear force of (a) 70 kN (ii) 250kN (iii) 400 kN
Q:10 Design and detail the singly RF beam for the following data. Take b=250 mm, Support width
250 mm. Provide check for anchorage and bond. Design and detail Simply supported beam
for shear reinforcement also.
Maximum Working
Sr. Concrete &
Working Moment UDL Type of Beam
No. Steel grades
(kN.m) (kN/m)
1 - M20-Fe415 40.0 Cantilever 3 m clear span
Simply supported 4.0 m clear
2 60.0 M20-Fe415 -
span
DL- 20.0 Continuous-Three equal span of
3 - M20-Fe500
LL-15.0 5.m clear span
Q:11 Give the examples with illustrative sketches where torsional moment induces in the beam.
Q:12 List the steps for designing rectangular beams for torsion as per the IS code provision.

(B) Slab

Q: 1 Differentiate between one- way and two-way slabs

Q:2 Design and detail simply supported slab panel for the following data. Provide checks
deflection, bond stress and anchorage length.

Concrete & Floor

Clear span Support Width Live Load
Steel Finish
(m) ‘b’ (mm) (kN / m2)
grades (kN / m2)
3.20 M20-Fe415 230 4.0 1.0

Q:3 Design and detail simply supported two way slab panel for the following data. Assume that
corners of slab are not held down.
Concrete & Floor
Clear spans Support Width Live Load
Steel Finish
(m) (mm) (kN / m2)
grades (kN / m2)
4.20 x 5.00 M20-Fe415 250 4.0 1.0
 3. Application of Limit State Philosophy to Column and Foundation

(A) Column

Q: 1 Differentiate (a) Short column and long column (b) Uni-axial and Biaxial column
Q: 2 Design and detail RC short column for the following data. Neglect shear and bending effect.

Sr. No. Working Axial Load (kN) Dimension (mm)/ Shape Concrete & Steel grades
1 1000 450 x 450 M20-Fe415
2 1000 Square M20-Fe415
3 1200 Circular M25-Fe415

(B) Foundation

Q: 1

Design and detail isolated footing to meet with the following data

SBC of
Column sections
Working Axial Load (kN) Concrete & Steel grades Soil
b x D (mm)
kN/m2
350 x 350 800 M20-Fe415 200

Q: 2 Determine the plan dimensions of a combined footing for two axially loaded columns with
following data

(a) Width is not restricted

(b) Width is restricted to 2.3m

Column sections SBC of

Working Axial Load (kN)
Sr. No. b x D (mm) c/c distance (m) Soil
C1 C2 C1 C2 kN/m2
400 x
1 400 x 400 1000 1000 3.0 150
400
400 x
2 400 x 400 1000 1200 3.0 150
400
 4. Application of Limit State Design Philosophy to Connections & Tension Members

(A) Connections

Q: 1 Define following terms with proper sketch and mention clause number of IS 800
a) Pitch, b) edge distance, c) size of weld, d) effective throat thickness
Q: 2 Give advantages of bolted connection over welded connection
Q: 3 In class 4.6 bolts, what do the number 4 and 6 indicate?
Q: 4 List the failure modes that may control the strength of bolted connection.
Q: 5 Find the efficiency of a lap joint, where two plates of 18 mm thickness have been connected
by 6 no. of bolts (2 rows - 3 bolts in each row). M18 bolts of grade 4.6 and Fe 410 (fy= 250
MPa) grade steel plates are used. Pitch of the bolts = 65 mm, Width of the plates = 200 mm,
end/edge distance = 40 mm.
Q: 6 Two plates, 10 mm and 18 mm thick are connected by a double cover butt joint using 6 mm
cover plates. Find the strength of the joint. Use M20 bolts of grade 4.6 and Fe 410 plates are
used. (6 numbers of bolts on each side). Width of the plates = 200 mm, Pitch of the bolts = 60
mm, end/edge distance = 40 mm.(Note : packing plate and tacking bolt are to be used).
Q: 7 Designs a lap joint between the two plates each of width 150’ mm, thickness of plates are 18
mm and 16 mm respectively. The design load for the joint is 150 kN. The plates are of Fe410
grade. Use bearing bolts.
Q: 8 Determine shear capacity of HSFG bolts used for the butt joint,
a.

Slip resistance is designated at service load

b.

Slip resistance is designated at ultimate load.

Given data: two plates of 18 mm thickness are connected by 6 mm cover plates. HSFG bolts
of grade 8.8, Fasteners are in clearance holes, Coefficient of friction = 0.3. Width of the
plates = 210 mm, 6 no. of bolts each side, pitch/gauge distance = 65 mm, end/edge distance =
40 mm.
Q: 9 Design a connection of a truss joint as shown in below figure, using M15 black bolts of grade
4.6. Assume that the members shown are capable of resist resisting the loads. Pitch of bolts =
40 mm, Edge distance = 35 mm.
Q: 10 Two plates of size 200 mm x 12 mm are connected by lap joint using shop welding. Design
fillet weld for full strength of the plate.
Q: 11 A plate of 120 mm x 10 mm is connected to the gusset plate to transmit a factored load of 100
kN. Determine the size and length of the fillet weld. Assume site welds and grade of steel as
Fe 410.
Q: 12 Two plates 15 mm thick each are joined by double V-groove butt weld. Determine the
strength of weld in tension if effective length of weld is 150 mm. Also determine the strength
of weld if single V-groove butt weld joint is used.
Q: 13 An ISA 200 x 150 x 10 mm is subjected to axial tensile force of 160 kN, connected by its
longer leg to 12 mm thick gusset plate. Design welded joint using 6 mm size fillet weld. Use
shop weld.
Q: 14 2ISA 150 x150 x10 mm are connected on both sides of a gusset plate to resist axial force of
300 kN. Design welded connection and show details by sketch. Use shop weld.

(B) Tension Member

Q: 1 Find the ultimate design strength of ISA 110x110x12 mm in tension, which is connected to a
gusset 12 mm thick using M20 bolts of property class 4.6 in a single line.
Q: 2 Find the working load carrying capacity in the following cases
a.

2 ISA 80x 80 x10 mm connected to the same side of the gusset

b.

2 ISA 75 x 75 x 10 mm connected to both sides of the gusset

Assume that tacking bolts are provided and the end connection is done using M12 bolts of
property class 4.6.
Q: 3 Design single angle to carry a tensile load of 120 kN. The end connection is to be done using
M20 bolts of property class 4.6.
Q: 4 Re-do the Q-3, if the end connection is done using fillet welds on all sides.
Q: 5 Design a double angle section to carry a tension of 300 kN working load. The end connection
is to be made using M20 bolts of property class 5.6. Assume that the angles are provided on
both sides of gusset. Also design the bolt connection.
Q: 6 Re-do the Q-5, if the end connection is made using fillet welds at toe and heel side of an
angle. Also design the connection.
Q: 7 Design the end connection for ISA 100x100x10 mm using a lug angle for its full design
strength. Use M20 bolts of property class 4.6.
5. Application of Limit State Design Philosophy to Compression Member, Footing, Beams and
Beam-Columns

(A) Compression Member & Footing

Q: 1 Determine the design load carrying capacity of a single angle section ISA 90x90x8, which is
used as a strut in a roof truss. It is connected to a gusset by two bolts. The center to enter
distance between the end connections is 2 m. Assume load is concentric.
Q: 2 Calculate the compressive resistance of ISA 200x200x20, assuming that the angle is loaded
through only one leg., when it is connected by 2 no. of bolts and fixity condition is hinged.
Q: 3. Design a single angle section to carry a compression of 120 kN service load. The c/c distance
between the end connections is 2 m. The end connection is done by two bolts.
Q: 4 Design a column using ‘I-section’ to carry a compressive force 125 kN. Length of column is
3.5 meter and both ends of the column are hinged.
Q: 5 Design a lacing system for ISLC 300 back to back separated by 100 mm distance. The built-
up section is subjected to 700 kN factored compressive force. Both ends of section are
pinned. Length of section is 4 meter.
Q: 6 Design battening system for column consisting of 2ISLC 300 placed face to face over total
width of 300 mm. Length of column is 4 meter with both ends hinged. fy = 250 MPa.
Factored axial compressive force = 1500 kN.
Q: 7 Design suitable slab base for column ISHB 350 carrying axial load of 2500 kN. Safe bearing
capacity of soil is 200 kN/m2 and grade of concrete is M20. Draw two views of your design.
Q: 8 Design a gusseted base for a column ISHB 450 with cover plates 350 x 15 mm on each
flange. The factored load on column is 3000 kN. The length of column is 4m. The safe
bearing capacity of soil is 180 kN/m2. Grade of concrete is M20.

(B) Design for Beams and Beam-Columns

Q: 1 Design a simply supported beam of span 8 m carrying dead load of 28 kN/m and live load of
18 kN/m. Assume that the compression flange of the beam is laterally restrained throughout.
Q: 2 Determine the buckling moment of laterally restrained simply supported ISMB 400 section.
Take fy = 250 MPa.
Q: 3 Design a simply supported laterally unrestrained beam of span 5 m carrying dead load of 20
kN/m and live load of 15 kN/m.
Q: 4 Design an internal beam for a hall of dimension 12 m x 8 m. It consists of 100 mm thick RC
slab & supported on steel beams spaced at 3 m c/c. The finishing may be taken as 1 kN/m2 &
the live load is 4 kN/m2. The beam is supported on 250 mm wall & its compression flange is
embedded in concrete. The beam material is of Fe 410 grade.
Q: 5 Determine working imposed load acting on a laterally unrestrained simply supported beam of
section ISMB 350. Span of the beam is 5 m.
Q: 6 A column in a building frame is subjected to the following loads:
Factored axial load = 650 kN, Factored moment about Z-Z axis: at top = 30 kN.m and at
bottom = 50 kN.m (same nature as at top). Length of column is 3.5 m. Column is hinged at
top and fixed at bottom. Design suitable beam-column.