Revised

DEWA
REGULATIONS
2025
 DEWA REGULATIONS EASY 2025

Introduction – Key Highlights

Edition Superseded
This edition replaces the 1997 DEWA Regulations for Electrical Installations.
Incorporated Updates
Includes all amendments and guidelines published on the official DEWA website from time to time.
Objective of the Regulation
To provide a general guide for:
 Design
 Installation
 Inspection
 Compliance
...with DEWA’s requirements for electrical installations.
Purpose
To safeguard people and property from electricity-related hazards, such as:
 Fire
 Electric Shock
 Equipment damage
NOT a Technical Manual
 Not a detailed specification guide
 Not a training manual for unqualified/untrained persons
 Meant for qualified professionals only
Who Must Follow This?
 Consultants
 Contractors
 Electrical engineers
 Technicians
All must study, understand, and comply with the regulations.
Other DEWA Approvals Still Required
Following the regulation does not replace the need to obtain other DEWA-specific project approvals.
Referenced Standards
Based on:
 IET Wiring Regulations – 17th Edition
 IEC Standards (International Electrotechnical Commission)
Key Safety Focus
 Fire prevention
 Protection against electric shock
 Ensuring proper operation and maintenance of electrical systems

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 SECTION-1
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS]

Section 1.1 – Scope

What It Covers
The regulations apply to new and old installations of building within Dubai
High Voltage Substations
 If any building load is above 400KW a new Substation should be approved for it

Section 1.2 – Electric Supply

Standard DEWA Supply
Per IEC 60038 standard:
 Voltage: 230 / 400 V ±10%
 Frequency: 50 Hz
 Phase: 3-phase, 4-wire
 Neutral: Separate
 Earthing: Neutral is solidly earthed at DEWA substation only
No additional earthing of neutral is allowed at consumer premises.
Fault Level (Design Criteria)
 Design Fault Current: 40 kA
 Duration: 1 second

Equipment Rating Requirement

All electrical components must be:
 Rated for the above supply characteristics
 Protected against:
o Overvoltage & fluctuations
o Transients & harmonics
o Phase loss
o Interruptions
o Overload
o Short-circuit
o Earth leakage

Detailed Protection Types

• Overvoltage
Voltage exceed 230/400 level due to surge or lightning.
Protection: Surge Protection Devices, overvoltage relays.
• Voltage Fluctuations
Frequent voltage variations due to load changes because of induction load like motors and elevators etc.
Protection: Stabilizers, balanced load design.
• Transients & Harmonics
 Transients: Sudden voltage spikes.
 Harmonics: Waveform distortion from VFDs, UPS, etc.
Protection: SPDs, harmonic filters, isolation transformers.

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• Phase Loss
Failure of one or more phases in 3-phase system.
Protection: Phase-failure relays detection, auto shut-off.
• Unforeseen Interruptions
Unexpected outages from faults/weather.
Protection: UPS systems, backup generators, redundancy.

• Overload Protection
Prevents overheating from prolonged high current.
Devices:
 MCBs
 MCCBs
 Thermal overload relays

• Short-Circuit Protection
Prevents damage from sudden high current faults.
Devices:
 MCBs, MCCBs, Fuses
 Current-limiting breakers
• Earth Leakage Protection
Detects current leakage to earth – prevents shock/fire.
Devices:
 RCCDs
 RCBOs
 ELCBs

Section 1.3 – Ambient Conditions (Dubai)

All electrical equipment, materials, and accessories must be suitable for the harsh climatic conditions of Dubai and still
ensure safe, reliable performance.
Location Context
 Altitude: Sea level (coastal area)
 Environmental Features:
o Sand storms (frequent)
o Heavy condensation
o Occasional thunderstorms
o Low seismic activity

Temperature Conditions
Parameter Value
Max Ambient Temperature (Shade) 48°C
Ground Temperature (at burial depth) 40°C

Humidity & Moisture

 Relative Humidity: Up to 100%
Wind & Environmental Loads
 Wind Speed: Up to 45 m/s at 10 meters height

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 Implications for Electrical Installations
 All components must be:
o High temperature-rated
o Moisture & corrosion resistant
o Dust/sand proof (IP-rated where necessary)
o Able to withstand voltage fluctuations, harmonics, and loss of phases
o Protected with overcurrent, earth leakage, and surge protection devices

1.6 – Standards for Equipment and Materials

Regulatory Compliance
All installations must comply with:
 DEWA Regulations
 IET Wiring Regulations (Latest Edition)
 Any new DEWA-issued technical guidelines
If there's any contradiction, DEWA’s standards will prevail.

1.7 – Prior Approval for Electrical Works

When is DEWA Approval Needed?
Before starting any electrical installation:
 New works
 Additions
 Modifications
Technical installation details must be submitted for DEWA review & approval.

1.8 – Application for Getting Electricity

Initial Prerequisites
To apply for electricity connection, the following must be obtained:
 DEWA Building NOC
 Building Permit from the relevant Dubai authority

1.9 – Power Factor (PF) Correction

Target Power Factor Range
 Acceptable: 0.9 lagging 1.0 (Unity PF)
 Recommended: 0.95 lagging
Appliances Requiring PF Correction
 Central AC Plants
 Split & Window AC Units
 Other inductive equipment
These systems must incorporate built-in PF correction (e.g., capacitors) to maintain:
Power Factor ≥ 0.9 lagging during normal operation.
Lighting Loads
 Discharge lamps, mercury/sodium vapour lamps, and fluorescent lights
must include capacitors to improve PF:
o PF ≥ 0.9 lagging

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 1.10 – Under Voltage (UV) Relay with Auto-Reset Timer
Protection Requirement
For all installed Air-Conditioning Equipment (units/plants):
 Must include a UV Relay
 With an Auto-Reset Timer feature
This prevents equipment damage due to voltage drops or fluctuations.

1.11 – Harmonics & Rapid Voltage Changes

What are Harmonics?
Harmonics = Electrical "noise" or distortions in voltage/current waveforms.
Caused by non-linear loads that draw current irregularly from the supply.

Common Harmonic Sources

Source Example Devices
Variable Speed/Frequency Drives Motors, HVAC systems
UPS Systems Backup supplies
Lighting Fluorescent ballasts, halogen lights, dimmers
Electronics Computers, printers, TVs, chargers
Power Supplies A/C–D/C converters, LV transformers

Voltage Characteristics to Monitor

Each of the following must be within standard limits:
Symbol Voltage Characteristic Description
Power Frequency Typically 50 Hz
Magnitude of Supply Voltage 230/400V ±10%
Voltage Variations Short-term or long-term deviations
Rapid Voltage Changes / Flickers Frequent on/off switching
Voltage Dips Temporary voltage drops
Short Interruptions Less than 1 minute
Long Interruptions Lasting more than 1 minute
Temporary Overvoltages Short surges above nominal
Transient Overvoltages Instantaneous spikes
Voltage Unbalance Unequal phase voltages
Harmonic Voltage Regular waveform distortion
Interharmonic Voltage Between harmonic frequencies
Mains Signaling Voltage Superimposed control signals

Summary
 Harmonic emissions must not disturb the DEWA network
 If limits are exceeded, consumer pays for mitigation

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 Inspection Checklist Categories
A) Distribution Equipment
Mechanical Integrity
 Security of fixing
 Adequate enclosure fittings – no physical damage
 Suitability for IP Rating (Ingress Protection) and fire resistance
 Barriers in place – prevent contact with live parts
 Obstacles and main switches must be present
Switchgear & Operation
 Main switch operation (manual test)
 Circuit breakers and RCD/ELCB manual function checks
 RCD test button must trip device on activation
Protection Devices
 RCDs installed:
o For fault protection where required
o For additional protection where applicable
 Surge Protection Devices (SPDs) present where required
 SPD must show functional status indicator
B) Safety Labelling & Documentation
 RCD quarterly test notice at/near origin
 Circuit charts, schedules, diagrams at/near DB (Distribution Board)
 Mixed cable color warning label where applicable
 Alternative supply warning labels must be placed at:
1. The origin
2. The meter (if remote)
3. Relevant DBs
4. All isolation points
 Next inspection due label present
 Any other required labels installed
C) Protection & Wiring Safety
 Correct type and rating of protective devices
 Single-pole devices used only on line conductors
 Mechanical protection where cables enter enclosures
 Magnetic shielding if entering ferromagnetic enclosures
 Secure and tight connections to:
o Busbars
o Terminal blocks
o All live conductors

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 Summary
Must Ensure Examples
Equipment safety Fixing, IP/fire rating
Protection devices RCDs, SPDs, correct rating
Labels & notices Cable colors, alternative sources
Connection quality Secure busbar & terminal connections
Documentation Diagrams, charts, next test date

Inspection Checklist –

Section B: Circuits
Cable & Conductor Identification
 Identification of all conductors
 Cables properly supported throughout the run
 Check for mechanical damage to cables during installation
 Insulation of live parts not damaged during erection
Cable Protection & Routing
 Non-sheathed cables enclosed in:
o Conduits
o Ducting
o Trunking
 Containment systems (e.g., flexible conduit) must be suitable
 Cables must have correct temperature rating
 Check current-carrying capacity of cables based on:
o Installation type
o Load nature

Protective Devices & Coordination

 Adequacy of:
o Circuit protective conductors (CPC)
o Protective devices (type and fault current rating)
 Coordination between:
o Conductors
o Overload protection
 Devices must provide fault and overload protection
Cable Installation Method
 Wiring method must suit:
o Installation type
o External conditions (heat, humidity, mechanical impact)
 Cables concealed (under floor, above ceiling, in walls) must be:
o Protected from damage
o Properly routed and shielded

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 RCD/ELCB Protection – ≤30 mA (IΔn)
Required in these cases:
1. Mobile outdoor equipment ≤32A
2. All socket outlets ≤20A (unless exempt)
3. Cables <50mm deep in walls
4. Cables in walls/partitions with metal parts, regardless of depth
Fire Safety Measures
 Fire barriers and sealing arrangements to minimize spread of fire
 Segregation of cable bands:
o Band II (mains) separated from Band I (telecom, ELV)
 Cables separated from non-electrical services (water, HVAC, etc.)
Cable Termination & Accessories
 Cables properly terminated at enclosures:
o No strain on connections
o No exposed basic insulation
o Live conductors fully enclosed
o Proper entry sealing (glands, bushes)
 Circuit accessories:
o Must be suitable for external influences
o Not damaged during erection
 Single-pole devices used only in line conductors
 Check connection integrity inside:
o Socket outlets
o Fixed and stationary appliances
o CPC connections must be secure
Summary Table
Inspection Item Requirement
Cable ID & Support Clear, secure, undamaged
Cable Protection In conduits/ducts/trunking
RCD Protection ≤30 mA in required cases
Fire & Segregation Fire barriers, cable separation
Termination & Accessories No strain, sealed, correct polarity

Isolation and Switching Inspection Points

1. Isolators
 Presence and correct location of isolation devices
 Can be secured in OFF position
 Operation verified (functional test)
 Clearly identified circuit/equipment location
 Warning notice if not all live parts can be isolated via one device
2. Switching Off for Mechanical Maintenance
 Presence of maintenance-specific switches
 Proper location – local or remote acceptable
 Can be locked in OFF position
 Functional check confirmed
 Circuit or equipment clearly labeled

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 3. Emergency Switching/Stopping
 Presence of emergency stop or disconnect switches
 Must be easily accessible in areas of potential danger
 Functional operation verified
 Disconnected system clearly marked
4. Functional Switching
 Functional switches present for operation
 Operation tested and working
Current-Using Equipment (Permanently Connected)
Installation Quality
 Suitable IP/fire rating for environment
 Enclosure not damaged or deteriorated
 Adapted to external influences (heat, dust, moisture)
 Proper fixing and mechanical support
Fire & Safety Precautions
 Cable entry holes sealed to restrict fire spread
 Undervoltage protection installed (if specified)
 Overload protection included (where needed)
Recessed Luminaires (Downlighters)
 Correct lamp type installed
 Designed to minimize heat buildup
 Safe access/working space ensured
Testing & Documentation
 DEWA Inspection & Testing Certificate submitted via One Window System
 Verifications include:
o Insulation resistance test
o Continuity test
o Earth electrode resistance
o Functional checks (RCDs, isolators, emergency switches, etc.)
CERTIFICATION THROUGH DEWA SYSTEM
 Use One Window System to submit inspection & testing certificate
 Must include:
o Insulation resistance
o Continuity
o Earth resistance tests
 DEWA verifies test results during on-site inspection
Format available in Appendix-3

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 What is Insulation Resistance?
Insulation Resistance (IR) is the resistance offered by the insulation material to the flow of electric current. It ensures there is
no leakage current from live conductors to earth or other conductors.

Test Procedure (as per Appendix 3 - Inspection & Testing Certificate):

1. Disconnect sensitive equipment
2. Test each circuit separately
3. Use a 500V DC insulation tester for low-voltage circuits
4. Apply test between:
o Phase–to–Earth
o Phase–to–Neutral
o Neutral–to–Earth
o Phase–to–Phase (if applicable)
DEWA Minimum Acceptable Values:
Voltage Rating Minimum Insulation Resistance
LV Systems (up to 1000V) 1.0 MΩ (Megaohm)
Final Circuits (with appliances disconnected) ≥ 1.0 MΩ
SELV / PELV Circuits 0.25 MΩ minimum
If multiple circuits are tested together, the measured resistance must not fall below 1.0 MΩ overall.
Continuity Testing – Explained Simply with Symbols
Continuity testing is a basic but essential electrical test to check whether a complete path (closed circuit) exists for current
to flow. It confirms that wires, cables, and connections are not broken.
Purpose of Continuity Testing
 Verify that conductors and connections are intact
 Confirm metallic paths between earth terminals and bonding points
 Ensure safety compliance before energizing a system
When is it Done?
 During initial installation
 After repairs or modifications
 During periodic maintenance checks
Tools Required
 Multimeter in continuity mode
 Continuity Tester with audible beep
 Optional: Insulation resistance tester for deeper checks
How It Works
1. Connect tester leads to both ends of the conductor
2. If the path is continuous, the tester will:
o Beep (audible indication)
o Light up (visual indication)
o Or Display a low resistance value (usually <1 ohm)

Common Failures Detected

 Broken wires
 Loose terminals
 Corroded contacts
 Faulty fuses
Safety Note
 Always test on de-energized circuits!
 Use proven test leads and verify your tester on a known working circuit first.
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 DEWA Compliance
DEWA requires that continuity of protective conductors and bonding conductors be verified during inspection and
testing, as per DEWA regulations and BS 7671 (IET Wiring Regulations).
Would you like an infographic layout of this explanation later, or MCQs based on it?

What is Earth Resistance Testing?

Earth resistance testing measures how effectively the earth electrode system can carry fault current safely into the
ground. It ensures the earthing system is functional and reliable, which is critical for personnel safety and equipment
protection.

DEWA Requirements for Earth Resistance Testing

Applicable To:
 Main Earthing Electrode (Earth Rod)
 Earthing Conductors (ECC)
 Equipotential Bonding
 All new installations, major modifications, and during periodic inspections
Required in:
 DEWA’s Inspection & Testing Certificate (Appendix 3)
 As part of final inspection before energizing the installation
Standard Test Procedure (Fall-of-Potential Method):
1. Disconnect earthing conductor from the installation
2. Use Earth Resistance Tester or Earth Megger
3. Place:
o P (Potential Probe) ~15m from rod
o C (Current Probe) ~30m from rod
4. Measure resistance between the earth rod and remote earth
Alternative: Clamp meters (only for systems with parallel ground paths)

DEWA Acceptable Earth Resistance Values:

Earthing System Type Maximum Earth Resistance
TT System (if applicable) ≤ 10 Ω
TN-S / TN-C-S Systems As low as possible to allow operation of protection
Lightning Protection Systems (LPS) Typically ≤ 10 Ω
General Guidance ≤ 1 to 5 Ω preferred
Lower values ensure fast disconnection of fault current by protective devices (e.g., RCD/ELCB)
Periodic Maintenance & Inspection Overview
 Required for all installations to ensure safety and performance
 Inspection Frequency:
o Industrial/Commercial: every 2 years
o Performed by independent consultant/contractor
 Defects + Test Results must be reported to DEWA
Checklist by Installation Category
a) Electrical Intake Equipment
 Main/service cable condition
 Main earthing arrangements
 Metering cables
 Meter equipment integrity

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 b) Automatic Disconnection of Supply
 Earth electrode installed
 Bonding conductor size & connection
 Accessibility of bonding points
 Earthing/bonding labeled properly

c) Distribution Equipment
 Adequate working space
 Secure fixings
 IP/fire-rated enclosures in good condition
 Main switches linked and operational
 Circuit breakers/RCDs function check
 RCDs for fault and additional protection
 Labels, charts, cable color notices in place
 Correct type/rating of devices, no heat damage
 Entry protection (mechanical, electromagnetic)
d) Distribution Circuits
 Cable ID & support
 Termination quality
 No mechanical/thermal damage
 Adequate cable rating
 Correct fault protection devices
 Sunlight-exposed cables of suitable type
 Concealed cables protected or armored
 Fire barriers & thermal protection
 Band I vs. Band II cable separation
 Segregated from non-electrical services
 Isolators & switching functional
 General wiring system condition

e) Final Circuits
 Conductor ID and support
 Correct enclosures & cable terminations
 Adequate ratings and protection
 Concealed cables protected (depth < 50 mm)
 RCD (30 mA) for:
o Outdoor/mobile equipment (≤32 A)
o Socket outlets (≤20 A)
o Cables <50 mm in walls or in metal partitions
 Fire sealing and thermal protection
 Proper connections at sockets/switches
 Isolation & switching functional and marked
 Accessories suitable for environment

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 f) Isolation and Switching
 Isolators:
o Present, marked, functional, lockable
o Warning signs where full isolation not possible
 Maintenance Switches:
o Local/remote, secure OFF, functional
 Emergency Stop:
o Accessible, marked, working
 Functional Switching:
o Correct and operational
g) Current-Using Equipment (Permanently Connected)
 Enclosure & IP rating condition
 No fire hazard signs
 Suitable for location/environment
 Securely fixed
 Ceiling cable holes sealed (luminaire areas)
 Recessed Luminaires:
o Correct lamps
o Fire-rated or insulated box used
o No conductor/building overheating
Regulatory Compliance Note
 All extensions or alterations must follow DEWA standards
 Must be inspected and tested before energizing
 Full report + test schedule to be submitted via One Window System

1.14 EXTENSIONS AND ALTERATIONS

No Unauthorized Modifications
 Consumers must not make any extensions or alterations to their electrical installation without prior DEWA
approval.
Approval Process
 Application for:
o Additional load
o System modifications
 Must be submitted online through DEWA’s One Window System.

Applies To All Projects

 Whether the project is:
o Small or large
o New or an addition
o Temporary or permanent
 DEWA supply lines/equipment will be provided only after approval, and based on DEWA’s terms and
conditions.

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 SECTION – 2 -------------------DEFINITIONS

Accessory
A device not using current directly but associated with current-using equipment or the wiring system (e.g., socket outlets,
switches).
Active Power (P)
The real power actually consumed by equipment to perform work.
 Unit: Watts (W), Kilowatts (kW), Megawatts (MW)
 It’s the usable part of total power.
Ambient Temperature
The temperature of the surrounding air or medium where electrical equipment is installed.
 Affects rating and performance of devices.
Apparent Power (S)
The total power supplied = Voltage × Current
 Unit: kVA or MVA
 Composed of:
o Active Power (P)
o Reactive Power (Q)
Appliance
An electrical device that uses current, excluding luminaires (lights) or standalone motors.
Examples: Ovens, toasters, fans.
Arm’s Reach
A zone around a person where contact with electrical parts is possible without tools or climbing.
 Important for shock protection design.
Back-up Protection
Secondary protection that activates if the primary system fails to detect/clear a fault.
 Ensures system reliability and safety.
Barrier
A physical part preventing accidental contact with live (energized) parts from any direction.
 Ensures touch protection.
Basic Insulation
The main insulation layer applied to live parts to provide shock protection.
 Doesn’t include insulation used for only functional reasons.
Basic Protection
Protection provided against electric shock under normal (fault-free) conditions.
 Achieved through insulation, enclosures, or barriers.
Bonding Conductor
A conductor that connects different exposed metal parts to maintain the same electrical potential.
 Prevents shock due to voltage differences.
Bunched
When 2 or more cables are placed close together in:
 A single duct, conduit, or trunking,
 Or run together without spacing.
 Can affect heat dissipation and current-carrying capacity.
Bus Bar Trunking System
A type-tested enclosed conductor system with solid conductors and insulation.
Includes:

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  Bus bar trunking units (with/without tap-off)
 Tap-off units
 Phase transposition units
 Expansion, movement, and flexible units
 End-feeder and adaptor units
Cable Cleat
A support component used at intervals to mechanically hold cables or conduits in position.
 Prevents movement due to short-circuit forces or vibrations.
Cable Ducting
An enclosure (metal or insulated) used to protect cables, where cables are pulled in after the duct is installed.
 Not the same as conduit or trunking.
Cable Ladder
Cable support system made of rungs (like a ladder) between two side rails.
 Good for large, heavy cables
 Allows air circulation and easy cable layout.
Cable Tray
A flat-bottomed support with raised edges (but no cover) for laying cables.
 Non-perforated: Less than 30% material cut away
 Good for light-to-medium-duty installations
Cable Trunking
A rectangular enclosure (usually plastic or metal) to protect and route cables.
 One side is removable for cable access
 Often used for aesthetic or office wiring
Central Power System
A backup power system supplying emergency loads like:
 Fire alarms
 Emergency lighting
 Smoke extraction fans
Ensures safety equipment operates during mains failure.

Circuit
A group of components powered from the same origin (e.g., DB) and protected by the same fuse/MCB.
 Examples: Lighting circuit, socket circuit.
Circuit Breaker (CB)
A device that can:
 Make & break normal currents
 Auto-trip during faults like short circuits
 Used for overcurrent and short circuit protection
 Example: MCB, MCCB, ACB
Circuit Protective Conductor (CPC)
A protective wire connecting exposed metal parts of equipment to the earthing system.
 Prevents electric shock by ensuring safe fault current path
 Also called Earth wire or Green-Yellow wire
Conduit
A tube (plastic or metal) forming part of a closed wiring system where:
 Cables are pulled in after installation
 Allows replacing or maintaining wiring
 Cables cannot be inserted laterally (from the side)

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 Connector
The female part of a cable or appliance coupler, found at the end of a flexible cable, away from the supply.
 Used to safely plug in electrical devices.
Connection Point / Point of Connection
The location where a renewable energy system (e.g., solar PV) connects to the utility network.
 Usually where the main meter is installed.
Current Carrying Capacity (Ampacity)
The maximum current a conductor can carry continuously without exceeding its rated temperature limit.
 Depends on conductor size, insulation, ambient temp, and installation conditions.
Current-Using Equipment
Devices that consume electrical energy and convert it into:
 Light (e.g., lamps)
 Heat (e.g., heaters)
 Motion (e.g., motors)
Demand Factor
Formula:
Demand Factor = Max Demand ÷ Total Connected Load
 Always ≤ 1
 Used to estimate real power needs of a system.
Design Current (Ib)
The intended current a circuit is designed to carry under normal operation.
 Basis for selecting cables and protective devices.
Disconnector (Isolator)
A mechanical switch that opens a circuit to ensure complete electrical isolation.
 Used for safe maintenance
 Must meet isolating function requirements
Distribution Board (DB)
An enclosure containing:
 Protective devices (MCBs, RCDs)
 Switching devices
 Terminals for neutral and earth
 May include main isolation
 Distributes power to multiple outgoing circuits
District Cooling System (DCS)
A centralized system that distributes chilled water to multiple buildings via an underground network.
Components:
1. Central plant – cooling generation
2. Distribution network – insulated pipes
3. Consumer system – air handlers, chilled water coils
 Reduces need for individual cooling units in each building.
Diversity Factor
Formula:
Diversity Factor = Σ Individual Max Demands ÷ Max System Demand
 Always > 1
 Reflects non-simultaneous usage of loads.
 Helps optimize network design and sizing.
Double Insulation
Electrical insulation with:
 Basic Insulation (primary protection)
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  Supplementary Insulation (extra layer)
 Eliminates need for protective earthing in some equipment
 Marked with: Double box symbol
Absolutely! Here's a clear and symbol-rich explanation of the terms you shared, making it easier to visualize and remember
them:
Connector
The female part of a plug system that is fixed to the flexible cable and connects to the male plug.
Located at the device end (away from the power supply).
Example symbol: (plug into connector)
Connection Point / Point of Connection
The point where a renewable energy source like solar panels or wind turbines connects to the main grid .
Also the location of the main meter .
Example symbol: =
Current-Carrying Capacity (Iₘₐₓ)
The maximum electric current (I) a cable can carry safely without overheating .
Defined by cable size, insulation, and installation condition.
Symbol: ≤ Iₘₐₓ
Current-Using Equipment
Devices that use electricity and convert it into another form:
 Light
 Heat
 Motion (motors, fans)
Symbol combo: / /
Demand Factor (DF)
How much of the installed load is actually used:
DF = Max Demand ÷ Total Connected Load
Always ≤ 1
Symbol: =
Design Current (Iᵈ)
The planned current (in Amps) that a circuit is designed to carry under normal conditions.
Used to size cables and protective devices.
Symbol: Iᵈ = (normal use)
Disconnector (Isolator)
A switch that completely separates a circuit or device from the power supply for safety or maintenance.
It has no load-breaking capacity, only isolation.
Symbol: or
Distribution Board (DB)
A box that contains:
 MCBs (Miniature Circuit Breakers)
 RCDs (Residual Current Devices)
 Busbars & Terminals
It distributes power to final circuits.
Symbol: / /
District Cooling System (DCS)
A centralized plant that provides chilled water via pipes to cool multiple buildings .
Replaces individual A/C units.
Symbol:

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 Diversity Factor (DFv)
Shows the non-simultaneous use of loads:
DFv = Σ individual demands ÷ system peak demand
Usually > 1
Symbol: = DFv

Double Insulation
A system with two layers of insulation:
Basic insulation
Supplementary insulation
Protects against electric shock without requiring a CPC (earth wire).
Symbol: 〰〰 (two-layer wire)
Would you like a visual infographic of this too?
Here’s a clear, symbol-based explanation for the next set of glossary terms from the DEWA Regulations (2017 Edition):
Equipment
Any item used for:
 Generation
 Conversion
 Transmission
 Distribution
 Utilization of electrical energy
Examples: Transformers, circuit breakers, meters, appliances, luminaires
Symbol:
Equipotential Bonding
Connecting exposed/metallic parts together so that they stay at the same voltage level, preventing shock.
Symbol: --- --- (bonding of metal parts)
Exposed-Conductive Part
Metallic parts that:
 Are touchable
 Are not live normally,
 But can become live if insulation fails.
Symbol: →( if fault)
External Influence
Any outside condition that affects safety or design:
 Temperature
 Moisture
 Fire risk
 Mechanical wear
Symbol:
Fault
Abnormal current path due to:
 Insulation failure
 Unintended contact
May create short circuits or shock risk.
Symbol: ➝ unintended path
Fault Current
The current that flows during a fault, usually very high and dangerous.
Needs fast disconnection via breakers.
Symbol: I_f =

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 Final Circuit
The last part of the wiring that connects directly to:
 Lights
 Sockets
 Appliances
Symbol: DB ➝ Final Circuit ➝
Fixed Equipment
Equipment that is:
 Mounted on walls/floors
 Not movable during use
Examples: DBs, ACs, geysers
Symbol:
Flexible Cable
Cable built to bend repeatedly in use (e.g. for tools and appliances).
Symbol:
Flexible Cord
A small flexible cable (≤ 4 mm²), commonly used for:
 Plug-in appliances
 Handheld devices
Symbol: (≤4 mm²)
Fuse
A safety device that melts and breaks the circuit when current exceeds safe limit.
Protects wiring and devices.
Symbol: ➝
Fuse Carrier
The movable part that holds and positions the fuse link.
Allows easy removal/replacement.
Symbol:
Fuse Element
The thin wire inside a fuse that melts when overloaded.
Symbol: = melting wire
Fuse Link
The replaceable part of a fuse (contains the element).
Must be changed after the fuse blows.
Symbol:
Green Building (GB)
A sustainable building designed to minimize environmental impact in construction and operation.
Symbol:
Grid Connection
Link between Renewable Resource Generating Plant (RRGP) and the main power grid.
Symbol: ➝⚡
HVAC System
Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning system that maintains indoor comfort.
Symbol: ➝( )
Installed Load
Sum of all nominal powers (in kW) of energy-consuming devices in a building.
Symbol: ΣP = total load (kW)

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 Insulation
Non-conductive material used to surround or support conductors, preventing electric shock.
Symbol:
Interface Protection
Protective system that disconnects RRGP during grid faults to protect the network.
Symbol:
Inverter
Device that converts DC ( ) to AC ( ), essential in solar power systems.
Symbol: DC ➝ ➝ AC
Isolator (Disconnector)
Switching device that completely disconnects a circuit for maintenance or safety.
Symbol:
Leakage Current
Unintended current flowing in unwanted paths during normal operation.
Can be capacitive or resistive.
Symbol: →
Live Part
Any wire or conductor that is energized during normal operation, including neutral.
Symbol:
Lighting Power Density (LPD)
Maximum lighting wattage per square meter allowed by regulations.
Symbol: LPD = W/m²
Luminaire
A fixture that holds and directs light (lamp not included), with circuitry and support parts.
Symbol: + + = Luminaire
LUX
Unit of illuminance, measuring how much light (lumens) falls on an area (m²).
Symbol: 1 LUX = 1 lumen/m²
LV Switchgear and Control Gear Assembly
An assembled system of switches, meters, protection devices (like MCCBs, RCDs) for low voltage (≤1000V) power
control.
Symbol:
Main Earthing Terminal
A terminal bar where all protective conductors, bonding, and functional earthing wires connect to the main earthing
system.
Symbol: ⏚ or →⏚
Maximum Demand
The highest electrical load recorded over a specific period of time.
Symbol: MD = max(kW)
Neutral Conductor
In a 3-phase system, it's the return path conductor, earthed at the supply side.
Symbol: N or ↔
Non-combustible
A material that does not burn or support combustion, even under high temperatures.
Symbol:
Nominal Voltage
Design voltage used to classify electrical systems.
Page | 20 Dewa Regula ons 2025
  Extra-low: ≤ 50 V AC or 120 V ripple-free DC
 Low: >50 V AC up to 1000 V AC / 1500 V DC
Symbol: V_nom
Occupancy Sensor
A device that detects presence and automatically controls lighting or appliances.
Symbol: →ON
Overcurrent
A current that exceeds the rated value of a conductor or device.
Symbol: I_actual > I_rated
Overload Current
Excess current in a healthy circuit, not caused by faults but by high loads.
Symbol: I_overload > I_rated
Peak Power (Wp)
Maximum output of a solar module under standard test conditions (STC).
Symbol: Wp (Watt-peak) or kWp
Plug
An accessory with male pins, used to connect a flexible cable to a socket.
Symbol:
Point (in Wiring)
A connection outlet for a light, socket, or appliance in fixed wiring.
Symbol: ● or
PVC
Polyvinyl Chloride, used as insulating or sheathing material for cables.
Symbol: PVC⏐⚡
⏚ Protective Conductor / ECC
A conductor that connects metal parts and devices to the main earthing terminal for protection.
Symbol:
 ECC → ⏚
 Includes bonding: i, ii, iii, iv, v (as per list)
⏚ Protective Earthing
Connecting exposed metal parts to earth to prevent shock.
Symbol: →⏚
Protective Equipotential Bonding
Bonding all metal parts to maintain equal potential during faults.
Symbol: ⏚
PV (Photovoltaic)
Solar system that converts sunlight into electricity.
Symbol:
PV A.C. Module
Solar module with built-in inverter, output is AC only.
Symbol: PV + Inverter = AC
PV Array
Group of PV modules connected to form a full DC power unit.
Symbol: [PV] + [PV] + ... = Array
PV Array Cable
Cables carrying power from the PV modules to junction boxes or inverters.
Symbol: PV ➝ ➝
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 PV Array Junction Box
Box where PV strings are connected and protected. May include fuses, isolators.
Symbol:
PV Cell
Basic unit that generates electricity from light.
Symbol: → (small square)
PV D.C. Main Cable
Cable connecting the PV junction box to the DC side of the inverter.
Symbol: →DC→
PV Generator
A complete system formed by PV arrays assembled to generate power.
Symbol: PV Modules Wiring = PV Generator
PV Generator Junction Box
Box where PV arrays connect electrically, including protection/switching devices.
Symbol:
PV Installation
The entire setup of a PV system, including modules, inverters, supports, cabling, etc.
Symbol: PV System = All installed parts
PV Inverter
Converts DC (from PV) to AC electricity.
Symbol: DC AC
PV Module
The smallest sealed unit of interconnected solar cells.
Symbol: [ ]
PV String
PV modules connected in series to achieve the required output voltage.
Symbol: Module1 + Module2 + ... = String
PV String Combiner Box
Junction box combining multiple PV strings, often includes fuses or disconnects.
Symbol: PV1 + PV2 + ...
↔ PV String Cable
Cables connecting PV modules together in a string.
Symbol: PV ↔ PV ↔ PV
AC PV Supply Cable
Carries AC output from the inverter to the distribution board.
Symbol: Inverter AC Cable DB
Rated Current
The design value of current under standard conditions.
Symbol: I_rated
↔ Reactive Power
The non-working power that oscillates between source and load. Measured in kVAr.
Symbol: Q (kVAr)
RRGP – Renewable Resource Generating Plant
A set of renewable generators like solar/wind operating together.
Symbol: RRGU1 + RRGU2 + ... = RRGP
Refurbish
Page | 22 Dewa Regula ons 2025
Significant upgrades or alterations to a building or services (not minor repairs).
Symbol: Old ↔ Renewed
RRGU – Renewable Resource Generating Unit
A unit producing only from renewable sources, part of an RRGP.
Symbol: or or = RRGU
Residual Current
The imbalance between live conductors' current. Should be zero in normal state.
Symbol: I_live1 + I_live2 + ... ≠ 0 → Residual
RCD – Residual Current Device
Disconnects power when leakage current exceeds a threshold.
Symbol: I_Δn > Trip OFF
RCBO
RCD with built-in overload & short-circuit protection.
Symbol: RCD + MCB = RCBO
RCCB
RCD without overload/short-circuit protection.
Symbol: Only RCD function
I_Δn Residual Operating Current
The current level that causes the RCD to trip.
Symbol: I_Δn
⏚ Resistance Area (Earth Electrode)
The earth surface around the electrode with a voltage gradient.
Symbol: Zone around ⏚ with voltage V
Ring Circuit
Circuit forming a loop, connected at both ends to the supply.
Symbol: ➝ Load ➝ Load ➝
RRGP Electricity Meter
Meter installed at the RRGP output, measuring total generation.
Symbol: RRGP → Meter
Shock Current
The dangerous current that flows through a human body.
Symbol: →
Short-Circuit Current
Overcurrent due to low impedance fault between conductors.
Symbol: L ↔ L or L ↔ N
Isc (STC)
Short-circuit current of a PV unit under standard test conditions.
Symbol: Isc@STC
Socket-Outlet
A fixed device with female contacts for receiving a plug.
Symbol: ⏚
Space Factor
The % of cable area compared to conduit/trunking area.
Formula:
Space Factor = (Σ cable areas / conduit area) × 100

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 Standard Test Condition (STC)
Conditions under which solar panels are rated:
 25°C cell temperature
 1000 W/m² irradiance
 Air Mass 1.5 spectrum
Symbol: STC = [25°C, 1000W/m², AM1.5]
Standby Electrical Source
Backup power source for non-safety loads.
Symbol: Mains OFF → Standby ON
Stationary Equipment
Heavy or fixed devices (>18 kg), not portable.
Symbol: + >18kg
Switch
Manually-operated device to open/close a circuit under normal or fault conditions.
Symbol: ON/OFF Switch
Switchboard
A panel with multiple switches/instruments, not for small circuit control.
Symbol: Main Panel
Switchgear
All devices for operation, regulation, and protection of an installation.
Symbol:
Temporary Electrical Installation
Set up for temporary purposes (events, construction) and removed afterward.
Symbol:
Thermal Energy Storage (TES)
Storing heat or cooling energy in thermal media for later use.
Symbol:
Wiring System
Combination of cables, busbars, and their enclosures/supports.
Symbol:
XLPE
Cross-linked polyethylene, a heat-resistant cable insulation material.
Symbol: XLPE =

Page | 24 Dewa Regula ons 2025

 DEWA Regulations – Section 3: Incoming Supply & Tariff Metering ( Summary with Symbols)
3.1 General
3.1.1
Power supply is governed by terms, tariffs, fees, and instructions issued by DEWA periodically.
3.1.2
General supply specifications and requirements are outlined in Section 1.
3.1.3
Before construction starts, the consumer must obtain confirmation from DEWA regarding power availability .
3.1.4
If connected load > 400 kW, a DEWA substation must be accommodated on-site.
Sometimes even < 400 kW load may require a substation.
Requirements to be confirmed via DEWA NOC which must be revalidated at the time specified by DEWA .
3.1.5
The consumer is responsible for protecting DEWA assets — lines, meters, equipment — from:
 Tampering
 Unauthorized access/operation
 Theft or damage
Report any issues to DEWA immediately.

Section 3.2 – Point of Supply ( Summary with Symbols)

3.2 Point of Supply
 Defined by DEWA – location where electricity is delivered to the consumer.
 One location only per plot/project unless DEWA approves otherwise.
Circuit Breakers & Panels
 Main DBs/CBs at supply point must match application specs (see Section 4 & 7).
 Main Circuit Breakers must be:
o Clearly marked as “Main Switch”
o Easily accessible & distinguishable in emergency
o Labeled properly for multiple incoming supplies
 If connected directly to transformer → use 4-pole ACB (Air Circuit Breaker), withdrawable type.
 For multiple transformers → use separate bus-sections with interlocked 4-pole isolators (mechanical &
electrical).
Safety & Insulation
 All live terminals in metering & DBs must be shrouded and insulated.
 DBs/panels must be installed where access is always available:
o Front clearance: 1500 mm
o Side clearance: 750 mm
o Rear access (if applicable): 750 mm
o Mounting height: ≤ 2 m (top of panel)
Ventilation & Room Requirements
 Switch rooms with capacitor banks = Air-conditioned.
 Non-A/C rooms = Ventilation + Exhaust fans + Fire-resistant doors.
 Door must:
o Open outward
o Not obstruct driveways, stairs, or steps.
Lighting & Safety
 Ensure adequate illumination in switch rooms.
 Provide safety/emergency fittings (refer Section 4).

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 Cable Handling
 Incoming supply cables to MDBs must be:
o Segregated & identified from consumer cables
o Terminated per Section 7 (by consumer’s contractor)
Prohibited Locations
 Switch rooms must NOT be located:
o Under/next to wet areas (bathrooms, kitchens, chillers, etc.)
o Near water pipes or hazardous liquid zones
Room Placement & Use
 No storage allowed inside electrical switch rooms.
 Main switch room:
o Located at ground floor, near plot entrance
 If a substation exists, switch room must be adjacent to transformer room.
 Layout dimensions: Follow Appendix-3 of DEWA Regulations.

Section 3.3 – Tariff Metering ( Summary with Symbols)

3.3.1 – 3.3.2: Villas & Individual Premises
 Metering cabinet (with main incomer CB + meter) ➤ Installed outside, recessed in compound wall.
 Maintain ≥ 2 m clearance between electric & water service cabinets.
3.3.3: Multi-Consumer Premises
 Install main/sub-main DBs with metering in separate switch rooms near entrance boundary with 24/7 access.
 DEWA prior approval mandatory (per Section 1).
3.3.4 – 3.3.6: Smart Metering Requirements
 DEWA provides smart meters, generally one per consumer, unless otherwise approved.
 Min dimensions for meter installation:
o 300 mm (W) × 500 mm (H)
o Front clearance: ≥ 1200 mm
3.3.7 – 3.3.8: Layout & CT Metering
 Layout & wiring subject to DEWA approval (see Appendix-3).
 CT metering required for CBs ≥ 160 A.
 DEWA provides:
o Smart meter(s)
o CTs (consumer may provide private check meters if approved)
 CTs installed on busbars after CB/isolator
 Removable links required for maintenance
 Three CTs per meter (1 per phase)
3.3.9 – 3.3.10: Standard CT Ratios
 Standard CT Ratios:
o a) 200/5
o b) 300/5
o c) 400/5
o d) 800/5
o e) 1600/5
o f) 2400/5

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  Each CT must be marked with:
o Manufacturer
o Primary/Secondary current
o Frequency & voltage
o Accuracy class
o Rated VA
o Terminals (S1, S2)
o Direction (P1, P2)
3.3.11 – 3.3.13: Enclosures & Cabling
 Transparent viewing window on cabinet doors.
 Cabinets = fire-resistant / non-combustible material.
 Baseplates in switch rooms = fire-resistant.
 Meter cable: PVC/XLPE insulated & PVC sheathed, to BS 6004.
3.3.14 – 3.3.15: Security & Sealing
 Cabinets to have padlock + wire-seal provision.
 All supply-side devices (CBs, Isolators, busbars, etc.) = seal-ready by DEWA.
 Metering sections in MDBs/SMDBs = totally segregated.
3.3.16: Villas Group Supply
 Space must be allocated for DEWA feeder pillars.
 Final location determined during estimation considering:
o Cable routing
o Road crossings
o Cable length

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 Section 4 – Selection of Cables, Equipment, Materials & Wiring Systems ( Symbolic Summary)
4.1 – General
 All equipment/materials must be good quality and meet DEWA regulations.
 Equipment must match DEWA nominal supply voltage.
4.2 – Cables and Conductors
4.2.1 – Selection
 Use PVC/XLPE insulated stranded copper cables (BS 5467, BS 6004, etc.) for most fixed wiring.
 For hazardous areas, use mineral insulated copper (BS EN 60702).
 Flexible cords ➤ PVC insulated + sheathed (BS 6004 / BS 6500).
 Pendant lamps ➤ Use heat-resistant silicone cables (BS EN 50525).
 Lifts ➤ Rubber/PVC insulated flexible cables (BS EN 50214).
 Meter tails ➤ Single-core PVC (BS 6004).
 Control panel cables ➤ BS 6231.
 Single-core armoured cables not allowed for AC circuits.
4.2.2 – Minimum Conductor Sizes
 Lighting: ≥ 2.5 mm²
 Socket: ≥ 4 mm²
4.2.3 – 4.2.4: Ratings & Voltage Drop
 Cables must handle normal current + temperature based on BS 7769.
 Max voltage drop allowed = 4% of nominal voltage.
4.2.5 – Colour Coding
 Follow Appendix 6 for colour ID of cable cores & sleeves.
4.2.6 – High Temperature Installations
 Use heat-resistant sleeves/cables (rated ≥ 85°C) for:
o Halogen/incandescent lamp ends
o Fixed heating appliances
4.2.7 – Hazardous Areas
 Use certified accessories and fittings per BS EN 60079.
4.2.8 – Load Balancing
 For 3-phase supply: Evenly distribute loads across Red, Yellow, Blue phases.
4.3 – Wiring Accessories and Fittings
4.3.1 – Conduits
 PVC conduits:
o High impact rigid
o BS 4607 / EN 60423 / EN 61386
o Up to 48°C ambient; resistant up to 70°C
o Must be fire-retardant, non-hygroscopic
o Use copper/brass terminals
 Steel conduits:
o Hot-dip galvanized (Class 4)
o Internal & external coating
o Flexible steel: BS EN 61386
 Drain holes at the lowest point to remove condensation.

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 4.3.2 – Trunking
 Must comply with BS EN 50085.
 Material: Steel (hot-dip galvanized) or non-combustible insulating.
 Install per manufacturer’s instructions.
 Earth/protective conductor must run inside, not in parallel.
 No small insulated cables in perforated trunking/trays.
 Internal fire barriers for vertical/horizontal floor crossings.
 Extra support at bends and drop-out points.
Refer to Section 6 for installation guidelines.
Section 4 – Cables, Switchgear, and Accessories ( Symbolic Summary Continued)
4.4 – Cable Trays & Supports
 Use hot dip galvanized or PVC-coated steel trays (perforated/ladder type).
 All accessories (bends, tees, couplers) must match tray quality.
 Secure cables with proper clips, cleats, or saddles.
 Earth bonding is required across tray joints.
 See Section 6 for installation methods.
4.5 – Low Voltage Switchgear & Control Gear Assemblies
4.5.1 – Main & Sub-Main Distribution Boards (MDBs / SMDBs)
 Must be factory-built assemblies complying with BS EN/IEC 61439.
 Designed to withstand mechanical, electrical, thermal stress and humidity.
 Maintain required clearance and creepage distances.
 Copper busbars for phase (R-Y-B), neutral, and earth with proper color coding (see Appendix 6).
 Instrumentation required for MDBs ≥ 200A:
o Voltmeter (with selector switch)
o Ammeter (with CTs)
o Max demand meter
o Power Factor meter
o Indicating lamps & protective devices
 Equipment should match Appendix 7 specs.
 Standards: BS EN 60670, 60898, 60947, 61439 / IEC 61439.
4.5.2 – Final Distribution Boards (DBs)
 Factory-built and comply with BS EN/IEC 61439.
 Must have an integral isolator for incoming supply.
 Rewirable fuses not allowed.
 Match with Appendix 8 for device parameters.
4.6 – Apparatus & Accessories
4.6.1 – Switches
 Must comply with BS EN 60669.
 Min. rating = 5A (higher for inductive loads).
 Use metal clad for industrial & IP55 for outdoor.
 Discharge lamp switches ➤ Rated ≥ 2x steady-state current.
 Gas sealed (BS EN 60079) for battery/gas areas.
 DP switch with neon for appliances ≥ 20A.
4.6.2 – Plugs & Socket-Outlets
 BS 1363 ➤ 1-phase, shuttered, double-pole, switched (domestic).
 BS 546 ➤ 5A & 15A for specific uses (lamps, hotel rooms).
 BS EN 61558 / BS 4573 ➤ Shaver sockets (not in bathrooms).
 BS EN 60309 ➤ Industrial, with integral switch.
 IP55 sockets ➤ For all outdoor use.

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 4.6.3 – Cooker Control Units
 Must comply with BS 4177.
 Placed ≤ 2 meters from appliance.
 2P switch for 1-phase | 4P for 3-phase | Connect via 100mA ELCB.
 Avoid sockets combined with cooker control to keep RCD protection separate.
 Breaker & wire size as per appliance load.
For more details, refer to Appendices 1, 6, 7, and 8 of DEWA 2017 Regulations.
Section 4 – DEWA Electrical Installations (Part: Appliance Control & Safety Devices)
4.6.4 – Household Appliances
 Appliances (e.g., water heaters, cookers) must comply with BS EN 60335.
4.6.5 – Control of Water Heaters / Sauna / Washing Machines
 Use DP switch with neon (outside bathroom).
 Connect via flex outlet plate, separate final sub-circuit.
 Must have integral earthing & 30 mA RCCB/ELCB protection.
4.6.6 – Control of Air Conditioning Units
 Up to 18,000 BTU ➤ 15A switched socket.
 Larger units ➤ DP switch + flex outlet.
 Max. 2 window units per phase; >2 ➤ use 3-phase & balance load.
 Min. wire = 4 mm², breaker ≥ 20 A.
4.6.7 – Extra Low Voltage Safety Apparatus
 Includes: bells, mirror lights, shaver sockets, underwater lights.
 Requires double-wound safety isolating transformer (per BS EN 61558).
 Fused/MCB in secondary; segregation per Section 7.
4.6.8 – H.V. Discharge Lighting
 Max voltage: 5 kV RMS to earth.
 DEWA approval required for installation (e.g., neon signs).
 Standard: BS 559.
4.6.9 – Safety & Emergency Lighting
 Provided in hospitals, industries, malls, stadiums, etc.
 Supply: maintained or non-maintained, rated ≥ 3 hours.
 Internal battery & charger required.
 Must display EXIT/directional signs (Arabic + English).
 Standard: BS 5266.
4.6.10 – Electric Motors & Starters
 Comply with BS EN 60204.
 No automatic restart after power loss.
 Anti-reverse control if rotation safety critical.
 Motors > 0.37 kW ➤ Must have overload protection.
4.6.11 – Motor Protection & Control
 Allowable:
o 1-phase ≤ 3.7 kW (5 HP)
o 3-phase ≤ 110 kW (150 HP)
 Overload, short-circuit, earth leakage, phase failure, voltage fluctuation protection required.
Page | 30 Dewa Regula ons 2025
  Starter must include:
o Thermal overload relays (auto-compensated 2.8°C–48°C)
o Isolator (all phases)
o Emergency stop
 Mark START/STOP (not OPEN/CLOSED), in Arabic + English.
 Must be in well-ventilated area with working clearance.

For complete safety & compliance, refer to BS & DEWA regulations as listed.

4.7 – Standby Generators & Load Assessment

4.7.1 – Standby Generators (with DEWA Approval Only)
 Prior DEWA Approval required for any standby generator installation.
 Changeover Device:
o 3-Phase: 4-pole
o 1-Phase: 2-pole
 No paralleling between generator and DEWA supply allowed.
 Must have mechanical + electrical interlock on changeover.
 Submit:
o Equipment specs
o Wiring diagram
o Essential loads
o Generator capacity
to DEWA for approval.
 Mobile Generator Connection Provision:
o Required at MDB (≥1600A / 2500A incomer)
o Must use 4-pole breaker with full interlock.
o Sleeves for generator cable entry if MDB not on auto/manual changeover.
4.7.2 – Load Assessment Guidelines
Lighting & Small Power Circuits
 Max load per lighting/fan circuit: 2000 W
 Wire Size: 2.5 mm² Cu
 Max Breaker: 16 A
 Assumptions (if no load specified):
o 100 W per light/fan point
o Fluorescent Lamp = 1.8 × rated W
Socket-Outlets
 Radial Circuit (≤5 sockets) ➜ 20 A MCB
 Ring Circuit (≤10 sockets) ➜ 30 A MCB
 13A Socket ➜ assume 13 A / 200 W per point
 Twin sockets = 2 points
 Residential Socket ➜ 500 W assumed
 Industrial/Commercial Socket ➜ 1000 W assumed
 Kitchen sockets ➜ on separate circuits
Fixed Appliances (A/C, etc.)
 Use actual load as connected load.
 <5 VA load (e.g. clocks) ➜ may be ignored.
Shops, Garages, Workshops, etc.
 Include future spare loads in submission to DEWA.
Maximum Demand Calculation
 Each distribution board must be rated for full connected load.
Page | 31 Dewa Regula ons 2025
  Diversity factor may be applied post-calculation.
 Submit load schedules (Appendix 2, 3 & 4) for DEWA approval.
 Designer must define method of diversity calculation clearly.

DEWA-Approved Max Demand Guidelines (for MDB connected directly to DEWA)

Feeder Size (Amp) Max Demand (kW)
60 A 30 kW
100 A 50 kW
125 A 60 kW
160 A 80 kW
200 A 100 kW
300 A 150 kW
400 A 200 kW

Transformers with Motor / Chiller Load ≤ 100 kW

Transformer Size Max Connected Load
1500 kVA 950 kW
1000 kVA 650 kW
For motors >100 kW or chillers, DEWA approval based on:
 Type of starter
 Max starting current
 Number/stages of motors/compressors
 Technical specs
LV Panel Breaker Settings must match design current.
NOTE:
Design diversity varies by project (residential, commercial, industrial).
DEWA allows alternate professional methods if justified in design documents.

Page | 32 Dewa Regula ons 2025

 Earthing and Earth Leakage Protection from the DEWA Regulations 2017

5.1 – Consumer’s Earthing System

 Every installation must have its own earthing system within the plot.
 System includes: Earth electrode(s) + ECCs + equipotential bonding.
 Follow BS 7430 and IEC 60364 standards.
 Select conductors considering soil corrosion and material compatibility.
 Must connect to DEWA earthing (cable armour or ECC).
 No connection between MV, LV, ELV, Generator & Lightning earth systems.
 Earthing must be: Low resistance, corrosion-resistant, fault-current capable.
 Use TN-S system – Neutral & Earth must remain separate.
 Earth loop impedance must trip protection devices quickly in faults.
Special Cases
 Shared ECCs must carry max fault current or be isolated.
 Foundation steel may be used ( corrosion, cracking risk).
 Water/gas/oil pipes Not allowed as main earthing.
 Keep earth rods away from metal fences (unless earthed purposely).
5.2 – Main Earth Electrode
 Min. 1 pit per MDB, 2 for 200A+ incomers.
 Electrode: Copper rod, ≥ 3m deep, inside 300×300×300mm pit.
 Use non-ferrous clamps or compound-filled joints.
 ↔ Multiple electrodes: Min. 6m apart.
 Additional electrodes if DB > 50m away.
 No chemical soil treatment (environment & corrosion hazard).
 Max resistance: 1 ohm for earth rod, 0.5 ohm for ECC loop.
 Periodic testing is mandatory.
 Lightning earthing must be separate & 7m apart.
5.3 – Earth Continuity Conductor (ECC)
 ECC (green/yellow) must be in all circuits (main to final).
 Use tinned copper lugs, properly terminated.
 Must be included in riser systems.
 Label ECCs with circuit numbers.
 ECC must run alongside phase/neutral, be protected, and never be a pipe.
 Twin ECCs must terminate independently.
 Metal sheaths to be bonded via cable glands.
 ECCs must be accessible and robust for long-term safety.
5.4 – Earth Leakage Protection
 Required in all installations as per BS EN 61140 / IEC 61140.
 Use RCCBs/ELCBs (per BS EN 61008/61009).
 Must be regularly tested.
 Leakage sensors/alarms required for:

Page | 33 Dewa Regula ons 2025

 o Fire pumps
o Jockey & sump pumps
o Essential equipment
5.5 – Equipotential Bonding
 Bond all metallic non-current parts (pipes, trays, equipment).
 Size: ≥ ½ of ECC, min 6mm², max 25mm² (Cu).
 Must connect to main earthing terminal (MET).
 Continuity must be tested & maintained by consumer.
5.6 – Consumer’s Main Earth Electrode
 Minimum 1 earth pit per Main DB ( incoming point).
 For ≥200A incomers, provide at least 2 earth pits.
 Electrodes: Use copper/copper-clad/austenitic steel rods, min. 3m deep.
 Install in 300×300×300 mm pit with inspection cover.
 Use non-ferrous clamps or compound-filled joints for connections.
 Uncoated copper + steel → risk of galvanic corrosion if connected.
 Install electrodes close to Main DB.
 ↔ Multiple rods = min. 6m apart.
 For DBs > 50m away, install additional local earth pits.
 Avoid chemical soil treatment and coke breeze ( corrosion/environmental risks).
 Earth resistance must be:
o ≤1 ohm for each MDB
o ≤0.5 ohm between any ECC point and earth electrode
 Regular testing of resistance and continuity is required ( BS 4444).
 Lightning earth must be separate, and ≥7m away from power earth pits.
5.7 – Earth Continuity Conductor (ECC)
 Every outgoing Main/Sub/Final DB circuit must have a dedicated green/yellow ECC.
 Must be PVC-insulated copper .
 Terminate at both ends using tinned copper lugs on dedicated earth terminals.
 For high-rise risers, ECC must be either:
o Integrated within the riser, or
o Laid separately beside it.
 Follow BS 7430 for detailed guidance.
 Where conduit/trunking is used:
o Ensure high workmanship quality
o Joints must maintain mechanical strength, insulation, and current capacity.
 Label ECCs at termination points with circuit ID.
 ECC must run parallel to phase & neutral.
 Do not use gas/oil pipes, metallic conduits, or structural parts as ECC.
 ECC must be protected from mechanical, chemical, and electromagnetic damage.
 If dual ECCs are used, each end must be separately terminated.
 If cable has metal armor, bond it via cable gland clamp.
 Main earth conductor must allow easy connection to metallic sheaths.
 Ensure ECCs are accessible for testing/connection.
 System must remain robust and corrosion-resistant for its full lifetime.
5.8 – Earth Leakage Protection
 Earth leakage protection must be provided in every consumer installation.
Refer to BS EN 61140 / IEC 61140.
 Use ELCBs/RCCBs compliant with:
o BS EN 61008 (RCCBs)
o BS EN 61009 (RCBOs)
Page | 34 Dewa Regula ons 2025
 o Ratings/operating current = per Appendix 10
 Periodic testing of ELCBs/RCCBs and detection systems is mandatory to ensure safety.
 Earth leakage sensors/relays with alarm indicators must be installed for:
o Fire pumps
o Jockey/submersible/sump pumps
o Other essential equipment
o Set sensors to give warning before fault condition
5.9 – Equipotential Bonding
 All non-current-carrying metal parts must be bonded, including:
o Cable armours
o Metal trunking, conduits, accessory boxes
o Equipment frames/enclosures
o Building steel
o Water pipes, etc.
 Bonding conductor sizing:
o Per Appendix 9
o Main bonding conductor:
 ≥50% of ECC size
 Not <6mm²
 Not >25mm² (if copper)
 All bonding conductors must be connected to the main earthing terminal.
 Continuity testing of bonding must be done and maintained by the consumer.

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 Section 6 – Installation of Conduits, Trunking, Trays & Accessories
6.1 – Trunking and Conduits
 Use correct material (as per Section 4.3) depending on site condition.
 Install neatly using inspection bends, tees, draw boxes, etc.
 Route trunking/conduits within electrical risers — avoid long vertical runs; use armoured cables in trays
instead.
 Avoid sharp turns — use right angles only where necessary.
 Provide draw-in boxes for:
o Straight runs >15m
o Every 2× 90° bends
 Install all conduits before pulling cables.
 Draw-wires required in all concealed conduits.
 All edges must be free of burrs/sharp edges — use grommets/bushes at outlets.
 Refer to Appendix 11 & 12 for cable capacity in trunking.
Ingress, Fire Safety & Segregation
 Prevent water entry and seal dead ends.
 Trunking through fire-rated barriers must have fire barriers.
 Separate compartments needed for power & communication circuits.
Materials & Installation Standards
 Bends, tees = same quality & material as trunking.
 All trunking sections must be bonded with copper links (but NOT used as ECC).
 Use only galvanized steel or rigid, heavy-duty PVC conduits.
 Minimum bend radius = 2.5× conduit diameter
 Use approved adhesives to secure PVC conduit ends.
Support, Clamping & Accessories
 Clamp vertical runs every 2 meters and at ends.
 Boxes (draw-in, mounting, outlet) must be independently fixed to structure.
 Exposed metal must be painted with zinc-rich paint.
 Provide expansion joints every 7 meters or as per manufacturer.
 Use proper ceiling roses, boxes, adapters at every outlet.
High Temp & Concealed Work
 Fixtures with halogen/tungsten lamps = keep clear of PVC.
 Concealed conduits in walls/floors must have ≥10 mm screed cover.
 Fix conduits in chases using crimpets or saddles.
 Boxes must be flush with wall surface (BS 4662, BS EN 61535).
 Only flush accessories for concealed wiring.
Material Limitations & Fastening
 PVC conduits NOT allowed in:
o Industrial/fire-risk areas
o Lift motor rooms, shafts
o Where exposed to chemicals/outdoor temps
 Steel conduits NOT allowed under floor tiles or concealed wall runs.
 Use brass brushes & flanged couplings for secure attachments.
 Conduits must be saddled within 15 cm of angles/bends, and every 1.5 m.
 All accessories must be same quality as conduit — no weak fittings.

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 6.2 – Flexible Conduits
 Not allowed for entire fixed wiring installations.
 Max length of flexible conduit run: 2.5 meters
 Allowed uses:
For motors & equipment that require vibration tolerance or position adjustment
 Must be exposed, not buried or concealed.
 Must be installed to avoid mechanical damage and adequately supported.
 Ends must be securely anchored using approved adaptors.
 Cannot be used as ECC
A separate earth conductor must always be used (same as rigid conduits).
6.3 – Cable Trays
 Recommended for warehouses, plants, cable trenches, shafts, etc.
 Tray type & material must suit site conditions (as per Section 4).
 Proper support at intervals using purpose-made brackets.
 Outdoor trays need sun-shade covers (with ventilation).
 Secure fastening using clips, cleats, saddles —
 Cable ties not allowed for vertical multicore cables.
 Avoid installation where subject to severe physical damage.
 Leave space for cable access & maintenance.
 Must comply with BS EN 61537 standards.
Tray Installation Details
 Must be strong, rigid, and free of sharp edges or burrs.
 All trays must have side barriers and use matching quality fittings.
 Install as a complete system — do not lay cables before completing tray installation.
 Tray ≠ Earth:
Cable trays shall not be used as ECC,
but should be bonded using copper links.
 Easy access to cables should be ensured at all points.
 If trays pass through walls/floors/fire barriers, they must:
o Be covered completely
o Include internal fire barrier for safety compliance

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 Section 7.1–7.2 Armoured Cable Installation and General Cable Guidelines,
7.1 – Armoured Cables
 Armoured cables can be:
o Buried directly in ground
o Laid in ducts/trenches
o Mounted on trays or cleated to walls
 Installation must comply with BS 7671 and other relevant standards in special environments.
 Current capacity must consider derating/correction factors depending on method of installation.
 Voltage drop must be within limits defined in Section 4.
 Only armoured cables are permitted for underground use.
 Care must be taken to prevent mechanical damage during laying and handling.
Underground Installation Requirements
 Minimum burial depth: 90 cm below ground
 Surround cables with 15 cm of impervious soil
 Protective covers (50 mm overlap on each side) where needed
 Warning tape must be laid 30 cm below surface
 Use UPVC ducts + heavy-duty manhole covers where crossing driveways/roads.
 Route markers/tapes:
o Every 10 m (straight runs)
o Every 2 m (route bends)
o Must indicate voltage level in Arabic + English
Special Installations
 Use heavy-duty conduits for:
o Motors
o External areas
o High vibration / moisture locations
 Cables may be laid on cable trays per Section 6
 Keep 100 mm minimum clearance between:
o Power cables ↔ Telecommunication cables (when buried)
Cable Bending, Jointing & Termination
 Minimum bend radius:
≥ 8 × cable’s overall diameter
 No joints allowed in fixed wiring cable runs.
 Openings around cables in floors/walls/ceilings must be fire-sealed.
 Cable glands must be:
o Brass compression type
o Compliant with BS 6121
o Have earth tag + PVC shroud
Terminations & Earth
 All terminations must be:
o Mechanically and electrically secure
o Made using compression lugs/sockets (approved by DEWA)
 Each circuit must have its own ECC (Earth Continuity Conductor) as per Section 5.
 Single-core armoured cables:
o Arranged in trefoil formation
o Terminated using non-ferrous gland plate
o Armour must be earthed
Lift & Hoist Shaft Restriction
 No cable shall be run inside a lift or hoist shaft,
unless it's part of the lift/hoist system.
Page | 38 Dewa Regula ons 2025
 7.2 DISTRIBUTION BOARDS (DBs)
Location & Accessibility
 Must be accessible at all times for operation, inspection & repair
 NOT allowed in:
o Bathrooms
o Toilets
o Damp/wet areas
o Bedrooms
o Kitchens
o Above sinks
o Stores
o Hazardous locations
o Under staircases
Design & Isolation
 Must follow Section 4 design guidelines
 Must have main isolator ( breaker or isolator)
Labelling & Circuit Management
 Every breaker/fuse must be labelled to show what it controls
 Final DB should supply same floor only (except for:
o Staircase lighting
o Corridor lighting in high-rise buildings
Requires DEWA approval)
Installations in Multi-Consumer Buildings
 Each DB must be:
o Inside the respective unit (e.g., flat, shop)
o Near the entrance
Cable Routing
 Incoming cables to DB must be segregated from outgoing cables
 Max height to top of DB: 2 meters from finished floor
High-Power Panels
 All LV Panels ≥ 1600 A must be Form 4 type
7.3 BUSBAR TRUNKING SYSTEMS (BUSWAYS / RISERS)
General Requirements
 Only allowed if adequate access is available for full length
 Must comply with BS EN 61439
 Must have IP rating as per location (indoor/outdoor/wet)
Testing & Quality
 Factory test for each unit:
o 3.5 kV Dielectric for 4 sec
o 1000 V Megger test
o Test certificates required during DEWA inspection
Construction
 Must be non-ventilated, low-impedance, sandwich-type
 No flaring at tap-off points
Site Testing
 Before & after installation: 1000 V Megger test
High-Rise Building Requirement
 In outage, max 12 floors can be affected per riser
Connections
 Must be made with manufacturer’s flanged ends
 Supports at ≤ 1.5 m intervals or as recommended

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 o Must be manufacturer-approved brackets
o Add extra supports if needed
Conformity with Approved Drawings
 All accessories (elbows, flanges, tap-offs) must match DEWA-approved design
Temperature Performance
 Must carry rated current:
o Without derating
o At 50°C ambient
o 90% humidity
o Max rise ≤ 55°C
Fire Safety & Sealing
 Must include sealing for DEWA metering (per Section 3)
 Must have fire sealing at wall/floor penetration points
Material & Identification
 Phase, Neutral, Earth = Copper, colour coded (Appendix 6)
 Neutral bar = same size as phase
 ECC & bonding per Section 5
Tap-off Units
 Tap-off unit at floor level = height between 50 cm & 180 cm
 Must be easily accessible for:
o Operation
o Maintenance
o Replacement

7.4 WIRING SYSTEMS & ACCESSORIES

Segregation of Circuits & Phases
 No mixing of circuits:
o Circuits from different DBs separate conduits/trunking
o Wires of different voltage grades separated with barriers or different conduits
o Circuits of different types (lighting , power , emergency ) must be segregated
 In 3-phase residential systems:
o Devices in one room (lights, sockets, water heaters) must not connect to more than one phase
o If unavoidable maintain 2m distance between different phase outlets
 Switch boxes with multiple phases:
o Use DEWA-approved boxes with phase barriers
o Must be labelled " 400V"
o Use correct color-coded wiring (Section 4)
Protection & Accessibility
 Wiring near non-electrical services (e.g., plumbing, HVAC):
o Must be protected and segregated
o Provide safe access for maintenance and replacement
Wet Area Rules
 Switches:
o Not allowed in bathrooms
o In kitchens or near sinks: must be ≥ 2m away from water sources
o If not possible use ceiling-mounted pull switches
 Socket outlets:
o Not permitted within 2m of tap, basin or sink
o Never allowed in bathrooms
Lighting Tracks
 Must comply with BS EN 60570 standard for safety and design
Mounting Heights of Accessories
Page | 40 Dewa Regula ons 2025
 Accessory Mounting Height (from Floor)
Light switches, DP switches, fans 125 cm
Standard 13A sockets (general use) 45 cm
Kitchen sockets 25 cm above worktop
All accessories must be:
 Accessible
 Correctly selected (Section 4 compliant)
Identification Labels & Notices
 All parts of the installation must be:
o Clearly labelled with function & location
o Cautionary notices where risk/confusion exists
o Labels should be in Arabic & English
o Use letter sizes suitable for each case

Page | 41 Dewa Regula ons 2025

 Section 8 – Power Factor Correction Capacitors and Under Voltage Relays
SECTION 8 – POWER FACTOR CORRECTION & UNDER VOLTAGE RELAYS

8.1 POWER FACTOR CORRECTION (PFC)

Target PF Range
 Required: 0.9 lagging to 1.0 (unity)
 Recommended: ≥ 0.95 lagging
Appliances & Loads Needing PF Correction
 Air-conditioners
 Motors
 Discharge lamps (e.g. mercury, sodium vapor, fluorescent)
All must be equipped with capacitors or approved correction methods to maintain PF ≥ 0.95 lagging.
PFC Systems – When to Use
Type of Premises DEWA Feeder Size PFC Requirement
Commercial ≥ 200 A Automatic capacitor banks at MDB/SMDB
Residential ≥ 400 A Overall PF correction required

Capacitor Bank Design

 Type: Dry, sealed, encapsulated (IEC 61921)
 Must prevent accidental contact (enclosed/guarded)
 Discharge Mechanism:
o Automatic discharging when disconnected
o Manual switching Not permitted
 Permanently connected or auto-disconnect type
Design Requirements
 Ambient: Based on Section 1 specs
 Equipment rating: Match voltage, harmonics, temperature class D
 Cable rating: ≥ 1.5× capacitor rated current, min. 1/3 of motor cable rating
Protection & Harmonics
 Overcurrent Protection:
o Each capacitor/capacitor bank must have its own overcurrent protection device
 Harmonic Risks:
o Capacitors may cause parallel resonance
o Must be harmonic-rated
o Install tuned filters/reactors to mitigate
o Tuning: Below lowest network harmonic order
Operation, Labeling & Isolation
 Contactors: Must withstand capacitor switching surges
 Isolate capacitors fully from voltage sources
 Each capacitor must have:
o Nameplate with Voltage, Frequency, kVAR, Phases, Discharge Info, Manufacturer
 Maintenance of protection & controls is mandatory
Location Requirements:
 Capacitor banks before DEWA metering: must be seal-ready
 If no capacitor bank:
o Provide PF meter in MDB
o If PF < 0.95 lagging Install correction

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 Cooling/Ventilation:
 Outdoor capacitor banks:
o Forced ventilation
o Double enclosures
o Trip + Alarm on failure/excess heat
8.2 UNDER VOLTAGE (UV) RELAYS WITH AUTO-RESET TIMER
Application
 Mandatory for all air-conditioning systems
 Can be part of:
o Unit
o Control panel
o Distribution Board (only with DEWA approval)
Settings & Operation
Function Requirement
Voltage Cut-off 75% of nominal voltage
Reaction time Within 0.2 seconds
Auto-reset timer Adjustable between 5–10 minutes
Circuit Breaker/Contactor Auto-closing (motorized)
Location In A/C equipment or DB (with DEWA approval)
Relay Sealing: DEWA may require sealable settings to prevent tampering.
Maintenance: UV relays must be checked regularly
Summary Diagram
+-----------------------------+
| MDB / SMDB |
|-----------------------------|
| [Capacitor Bank Panel] |
| - Isolator/MCCB (interlocked) |
| - PF Controller |
| - Harmonic Filter |
| - Ventilation + Alarm |
|-----------------------------|
| Power Factor Meter (if no CB)|
+-----------------------------+

A/C Unit
└── UV Relay → Auto Reset (5–10 min)
↘ Cut-off @ 75% V in 0.2 sec

Page | 43 Dewa Regula ons 2025

 Section 9 – Construction Site Installations
SECTION 9 – CONSTRUCTION SITE INSTALLATIONS
9.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
Temporary Construction Supply
 Apply online via DEWA’s "Getting Electricity" → Construction Supply category
 Apply well in advance of required date
 Subject to fees, tariffs, approvals, and DEWA instructions
Key Compliance Essentials
 Must follow permanent installation safety standards + this section’s special rules
 Equipment assemblies (for construction power):
o Must comply with BS 4363 and BS EN 61439
o Only one supply system per enclosure (no mixed supplies)
Wiring & Cable Management
Cable Installation Rules Safety Notes
No cable may run across roads/walkways Unless mechanically protected
All cables ➝ must be armoured and earthed Earthing must be effective and continuous
Wiring ➝ arranged to avoid strain on terminations Use designed strain relief methods
Assemblies ➝ must have switch + isolation Isolation switch must allow padlocking

Switching & Isolation

 Multiple supplies (main + standby):
Must be interlocked to avoid backfeeding
 Outdoor DBs/meters: Must be IP65 weatherproof
 Each DB must allow padlocked OFF position or be housed inside lockable enclosures
9.2 WIRING SYSTEMS & DISTRIBUTION BOARDS
Cable Requirements:
 If not in conduit/trunking ➝ must be armoured
 Must be protected against weather & interference
Emergency Switching
 Emergency isolation switches must:
o Disconnect all live conductors
o Be placed in accessible, labeled positions
o Be unlocked quickly (e.g. panic bar or key box)
Reduced Voltage Supply (RLV)
 Recommended for:
o Confined spaces
o Hazard-prone tool use (portable)
o Enhances shock protection (commonly 110V)
Standard Reference:
Use BS 7909 for temporary entertainment/event setups
9.3 EARTH LEAKAGE PROTECTION
Equipment/Circuit Type Required Protection
Final circuits to 13A sockets, tools, etc. 30 mA RCCB/ELCB
Lighting/fixed equipment 100 mA RCCB/ELCB (unless specified)
ALL circuits must be protected against:
 Overcurrent
 Short circuit
 Earth leakage
Page | 44 Dewa Regula ons 2025
 Routine Testing Required:
 Earthing system
 RCCB/ELCB operation
 Wiring integrity
→ Consumer is responsible for ongoing testing
Visual Summary Diagram
[DEWA Temporary Supply]
↓
+------------------------------+
| Main Distribution Board (IP65)|
| - Isolator with Padlock |
| - Earth Leakage Protection |
| - Weatherproof DB Enclosure |
+------------------------------+
↓
[Armoured Cable] → [Distribution Boards @ Site]
↓
[Tools, Lighting, Socket Outlets]
↳ Protected by 30mA/100mA RCCBs
↓
[Emergency OFF Station]
- Single Point Isolation
- Accessible with Panic Access

Page | 45 Dewa Regula ons 2025

 Section 10 – Distributed Renewable Resource Generation (DRRG) – Shams Dubai
SECTION 10 – DRRG: SHAMS DUBAI (Solar PV Systems)
Distributed Renewable Resource Generation – Grid-connected Solar PV Systems
10.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
Requirement Details
DEWA Connection Approval Mandatory – only allowed after approval per Shams Dubai Guidelines
Sustainability Goal Solar = clean, emission-free, renewable, long-term energy security
Reference Source DEWA website → Shams Dubai section for latest specs and updates

10.2 DOCUMENTATION (Submit Online via DEWA Portal)

Required:
 Basic system info
 Designer & Installer details
 O&M (Operation & Maintenance) provider info
10.3 SYSTEM WIRING DIAGRAM – KEY INFO TO BE INCLUDED
Component Information Required
10.3.1 – Array Module type, no. of modules, no. of strings, modules/string
10.3.2 – PV Strings Cable specs, fuse types, ratings
10.3.3 – Array Electrical Cable specs, junction boxes, DC isolators
10.3.4 – Earthing & SPD Earth bonding, surge protection, LPS integration
10.3.5 – A.C. Electrical AC isolator, overcurrent protection, RCD rating

10.4 CONNECTION AGREEMENT

 Customer signs DEWA format agreement
 Uploaded by Solar Contractor before connection approval
10.5 O&M CONTRACT
 Signed contract between customer & solar contractor
 Uploaded via DEWA portal before connection
10.6 INSURANCE
 Recommended to insure PV system
 Upload insurance policy online for DEWA records
10.7 LABELLING & IDENTIFICATION
Label Location Description
Circuits, DBs, switches Clearly labeled
DC Junction Boxes Caution label for dual power source
Main AC Isolator Clear labeling required
Electrical Room Display Single Line Diagram (SLD)
Inverter panel Display inverter settings & install details
Emergency Shutdown Procedure Clear instruction signage
Testing/Commissioning Docs Customer must retain durable copies

10.8 METERING REQUIREMENTS

 Smart meters for:
o PV Generation (Check Meter)
o Net Metering (Tariff Meter)
 Meter Cabinet ➝ must be accessible

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 10.9 INSPECTION & TESTING
 DEWA will verify compliance using:
o Official "Inspection & Testing Guidelines" published on DEWA website
 Ensure all documentation + safety measures are in place before inspection
Illustrative Flow: Solar PV System Approval Process
graph TD
A[Customer/Consultant Applies Online] --> B[Submit Design Docs + SLD]
B --> C[Upload Signed Connection Agreement]
C --> D[Upload O&M Contract + Insurance]
D --> E[Ensure Labelling + Meter Cabinet Ready]
E --> F[DEWA Conducts Final Inspection]
F --> G[Grid Connection Approved]

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 Section 11 – Substations and High Voltage Installations
SECTION 11 – SUBSTATIONS & HIGH VOLTAGE INSTALLATIONS (11kV)
MV NETWORK DESIGN REQUIREMENTS & INSTALLATION STANDARDS
11.1 MV NETWORK DESIGN (11kV)
Ring Arrangement Notes
Two-feed Ring Standard for reliability – N-1 offline criterion applies
Three-feed Ring Allowed when all switchgear in one location
N-1 Criterion One feeder fails → other must supply full load up to 6 hours
Feeder Max Loads 175A/3MW → 300 mm² Cu XLPE160A/2.7MW → 240 mm² Cu XLPE

11.1.6–11.1.9: Load Rules, Interlocking & Isolation

Load Type Notes
Bulk Load (District Cooling) Allow direct HV connection with dedicated metering
Feeder Overload Single unit demand must not exceed 175A/3MW
No DEWA Feeder Paralleling Electrical & mechanical interlocks must be provided
No Parallel with Generator Proper isolation & interlocking required

11.1.10 – Power Factor Requirements

Requirement Value
Minimum Power Factor (PF) 0.95 lagging
Maximum Unity (1.0)

11.1.11 – Motor Starting Current Limits

Motor Rating (kW) Max Starting Current (as FLC)
≤ 600 kW 6 × FLC
600–1200 kW 4 × FLC
1200–1800 kW 3 × FLC
1800–2400 kW 2 × FLC
2400–3000 kW 1.5 × FLC
Limit per feeder Max 350 A during any motor starting event

11.1.13–11.1.16: Harmonics & Flicker Compliance

Requirement Action
Harmonic study (IEC 61000) Submit at design stage
Post-commissioning site measurements Mandatory report to DEWA
Mitigation required If harmonic limits are exceeded
Detailed specs of loads Include harmonics spectrum

11.1.17–11.1.18: MV Cable Laying Rules

Cable Routing Rules Measurement
Max 11kV cables per trench 20 cables in 2 layers
Trench width (near 132kV S/S) 2.5–3.0 m
Elsewhere trench width 1.5–2.0 m
MV-MV Horizontal spacing 150 mm (edge-to-edge)
MV-MV Vertical spacing 100 mm (edge-to-edge)
No crossing with 132kV cables Dedicated corridors required

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 Cable Routing Rules Measurement
MV–Heat source clearance ≥ 2 meters

11.1.19 – Cable Bedding (Backfilling)

Parameter Value/Requirement
Soil thermal resistivity ≤ 1.60°C·m/W
Max moisture content ≤ 2%
Compaction ≥ 90%

11.1.20 – Protection Settings

Design Submission Requirements
Single Line Diagram (SLD) with relay scheme
Relay Setting Calculations
Submit at design stage for DEWA comment & approval

SUBSTATION CONSTRUCTION IN PRIVATE PLOTS (SECTION 11)

General, Location, Access, Types, Dimensions, and Ventilation
GENERAL CONSTRUCTION RULES
Requirement DEWA Regulation
Substation location Dedicated room or housing only
Basement substation Only in 1st basement for transformer room
LV Room location Must be adjacent to substation (if panel is private)
Wet area above substation Not allowed, consult DEWA if unavoidable (See Appendix 13)
Room clear heights 3.7m (Single Room GF), 3.0m (RMU/Transformer Basement)
FFL height above outside 0.15–0.30m (GF) / 0.075–0.15m (Basement)
Expansion joints Not allowed in RMU/Transformer rooms or on roof
Pocket substations Not allowed at petrol stations or inside buildings
Construction start Only after DEWA substation approval

SUBSTATION LOCATION & ACCESS

Location Access Requirement
Must open to public road or Sikka 24/7 open-to-sky DEWA access from plot edge
Sikka width (if applicable) Min. 6.1m, or 3.0m if <12m from road
Split/Basement Room Driveway Internal driveway with min. 3.0m (W) × 3.0m (H) access

SUBSTATION TYPES & MINIMUM AREA (m²)

RMU + Transformer in Same Room (Ground Floor)
Transformers Min. Width Area
1 × 1000/1500 kVA 4.57m 42 m²
2 × 1000/1500 kVA 6.1m 55 m²
Each additional Tx — +21 m²

Split Room (Separate RMU & Transformer)

Add extra space for >4 transformers
Transformer Room:

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Capacity Min. Width Area
1 × 1000/1500 kVA 4.57m 42 m²
2 × 1000/1500 kVA 6.1m 55 m²
Each additional Tx — +21 m²
RMU Room:
RMUs Min. Width Area
1 set (2 Txs) 3.0m 9.0 m²
Each additional RMU — +7 m²

Open-to-Sky Substations
Type Area (WxL) Notes
1 × 1000/1500kVA + RMU 6.1m × 6.1m Extra-large kiosk format
1 × 1000kVA 4.57m × 3.66m Private panel release (400A per feeder max)
2 × 1000kVA 6.1m × 6.1m —
Compound wall max height: 2.1m
Soak-away distance: Min. 3.66m from substation
VENTILATION REQUIREMENTS (Ground Floor Substations)
Item Minimum Spec
Ventilation sides At least 2 sides naturally ventilated
Vent opening height Fixed louvers at 0.6m above outside ground level
Transformer Room Door 3.05m (W) × 2.75m (H) aluminum louver
RMU Room Door 2.44m or 3.05m (W) × 2.75m (H) aluminum louver

11.5 – DEWA Meter/Control Room Requirement for Direct 11kV Supply

(No specific sub-points provided in text—this usually refers to space and access allocated adjacent to the intake switchgear
for DEWA metering and control equipment.)
 A dedicated DEWA Meter/Control Room is required adjacent to the MV switchgear intake point.
 Only DEWA is responsible for the operation and maintenance of equipment up to the metering point.
 After the point of supply, all equipment (switchgear, transformer, cables, etc.) must be installed, owned, and
maintained by the consumer.
11.6 – Substation Ventilation Requirements
11.6.1 – Natural Ventilation for Ground Floor Substations
 Mandatory for all ground-floor substations
 Must provide ventilation from at least two sides.
 Use aluminum louver doors and fixed aluminum louver windows.
 Window height: Fixed louvers must be 0.6 meters above the outside ground level.
 Minimum Door Sizes:
o Transformer Room Door: 3.05 m (W) × 2.75 m (H)
o RMU Room Door: 2.44 m or 3.05 m (W) × 2.75 m (H)
 Refer to Appendices 16 and 17 for detailed door specifications.
11.6.2 – Forced Ventilation (Basement Transformer Rooms Only)
 Required only for basement installations.
 Must also have two-sided ventilation using aluminum louver doors and windows.
 Minimum total grill area:
o 14.9 m² for 1000 kVA transformer
o 18.6 m² for 1500 kVA transformer
 Fixed aluminum louver windows must be 0.6 m above outside level.
 Must include:
o Independent mechanical ventilation system.
o Supporting calculations showing that:

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  Ambient temperature in transformer room will not exceed 55°C.
 Based on outside air temperature of 48°C.
o Refer to Appendix 18 for design and calculation requirements.

11.7 – Equipment Transportation to Basement Transformer Rooms

Client is fully responsible for transporting transformer equipment from the main road to the transformer room.
Mandatory Requirements for Access & Handling:
 Ramp:
o Minimum width: 3.0 meters
o Clear height: 3.0 meters (from main road up to transformer room)
o Slope: Maximum 1:10 (10%)
o Ramp must be straight — no curves or speed bumps allowed
 Slab Cut-Out:
o Cut-out size: 3.0 m × 3.0 m
o Cut-out must be adjacent to main RTA/public road
o Below cut-out: Designated as loading/unloading bay
o Above cut-out: Must be open to sky
 If slab exists above: Clear vertical height of 7.0 meters must be maintained to accommodate
crane boom movement
11.8 – Substation Cable Arrangement (Subject to DEWA Design Approval)
HV Cable Entry to Substation:
 Cutout depth: 0.95 m from outside ground level (towards road or sikka)
(Refer Appendix 15)
Permitted Cable Routing Methods:
From To Routing Option
• Cable trench with removable slab (Appendix 19) • High-level
Plot Limit Substation
basement cable tray
RMU Transformer Room (Split/Basement
• Same options as above (trench or tray)
Room Substation)
 If no traffic above cables: Buried cables or ducts + manholes at both ends are acceptable
Cable Trench Specifications:
 Inside Substation:
o Trench depth = 0.95 m from finished floor
o (Refer Appendix 15)
 Basement / Split Substation Transformer Room:
o Trench depth = 0.50 m from finished floor
Cable Tray Requirements:
 Tray bed depth: 0.95 m from substation floor
 Minimum clearance: 0.45 m between tray bottom and building slab
 Installation/Maintenance clearance: At least 1.2 m on one side
 Routing:
o Must pass through open/public areas only
o Must not pass through enclosed areas/rooms
o No services, ducts, or pipes below the cable tray
 Preferred route:
o Straight (no bends/turns)
o If unavoidable: maintain bending radius R = 0.95 m
Section 11.9 – Direct 11kV Supply (High-Rise > 200m / Industrial / Private)
Intake & Equipment Requirements:
 Point of Supply: At MV switchgear adjacent to DEWA metering/control room.
 Beyond Point of Supply: All equipment (switchgear, cables, transformer) must be:
o Procured, installed, commissioned, operated & maintained by the client.

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 o Not handled by DEWA if installed above ground level.
 Voltage Rating: All equipment must support dual voltage ratio (6.6/11kV) unless specified as 11kV only.
 Standard Compliance:
o Equipment must comply with IEC standards.
o Transformer total losses must not exceed 1.5% of rated capacity.
 Incomer Switchgear:
o Must have Circuit Breaker with Earth Fault (E/F) and Overcurrent (O/C) protection.
o Located adjacent to DEWA Metering/Control Room.
 LV Distribution: Must comply with DEWA standards.
 Transformer Type: Only Cast Resin (Fire-resistant) transformers are allowed in residential/commercial buildings.
Technical Justification Required:
 Justification Letter is mandatory for requesting 11kV supply above ground.
 Usually applicable for:
o Buildings ≥ 200 meters height
o Large or sensitive loads
Cable & Switchgear Requirements:
 MV Switchgear:
o Suitable for termination of 3x240 mm² XLPE/PVC/SWA/PE cables (Al or Cu)
o Termination responsibility:
 Consumer: At their own switchgear incomer
 DEWA: At DEWA’s RMU
Protection & Interlocking Guidelines:
 Interlocks:
o Mechanical & Electrical interlocks to prevent parallel operation of incomers
o In case of multiple switchboards, interlocks must be extended to all units
 Discrimination:
o Protection of private substation must operate before DEWA’s protection in case of faults
 Reverse Power Protection:
o Required to clear in-feed faults into DEWA’s network within 3 seconds
Standards & Relay Certifications:
Item Standard / Requirement
Protection Relays IEC 60255
Instrument Transformers (CT/PT) IEC 61869
Relay Type Test Certificates Mandatory submission
ANSI Code Representation Must be used in drawings
Protection Settings Verified for up to 25kA fault current
CT Sizing Must ensure reliable operation at 25kA fault

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 Section 12 – Green Building Regulations
12.1 – Compliance Requirements
All electrical installations must comply with:
 DEWA technical specifications
 Latest edition of IET Wiring Regulations
 Dubai Municipality Green Building Regulations & Specifications
 Any latest updates or circulars issued by DEWA
Note: In case of conflict between standards, DEWA Regulations take precedence.

12.2 – Specific Regulations Applied by DEWA

12.2.1 – Elevators and Escalators
All elevators and escalators must include energy-efficient control systems as per Dubai Municipality Section 5 of Green
Building Regulations:
Elevators (Lifts) – Required Features
 Use AC Variable-Voltage Variable-Frequency (VVVF) drives (non-hydraulic types only)
 Lighting inside lift cars must be:
o Energy efficient
o Equipped with auto turn-off control after 5 minutes of inactivity
Escalators – Required Features
1. Reduced Speed Control:
o Switches to slow speed after 3 minutes of inactivity
o Detection via photocells at top & bottom landings
2. Use-on-Demand Function:
o Fully shuts down after 15 minutes of inactivity
o Must have soft-start technology
o Auto-restart using photocell detectors at both landings
12.2.2 – Lighting Power Density (Interior)
 Interior lighting design must limit total power density (W/m²) according to:
o Building type
o Gross floor area
Refer to Dubai Municipality’s official table for max W/m² values per building use type (e.g., commercial, residential,
institutional).
Section 12 – Green Building Regulations (Continued)
12.2.3 – Lighting Power Densities for Exterior Areas
 For unlisted exterior areas, use ASHRAE 90.1–2013 standards.
 Must not exceed power density values specified in ASHRAE (or approved equivalent).
12.2.4 – Lighting Controls (Applies to all buildings except villas and industrial)
Mandatory Requirements:
a) Occupant Lighting Controls
 Must allow manual or automatic switching off when:
o Daylight is sufficient
o Spaces are unoccupied
b) Corridors/Lobbies
 When unoccupied, reduce lighting to 25% of normal level.
c) Daylight Zone Control (Recommended)
 Within 6m of exterior windows
 Use photocells to supplement daylight only

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  Maintain 400–500 lux at working plane
 Allow lux to exceed 500 if daylight is 100%
d) Occupant Sensors in Offices & Educational Facilities
 Automatically switch lighting ON/OFF based on occupancy
 Exemptions apply if lighting is needed for safety
e) Lighting Power Density Exemption
 If <6 W/m², clauses (c) and (d) do not apply
12.2.5 – Electronic Ballasts
 Fluorescent and metal halide (<150W) lamps:
o Must use high-frequency electronic ballasts
o Must conform to international standards approved by DEWA/DM
12.2.6 – Smart Electricity Metering
For ALL buildings:
 Must install meters to measure:
o Total energy consumption
o Not including DEWA’s tenant/billing meter
 Sub-metering required for:
o Any system >100kW
o Each individual tenancy (if no main DEWA meter)
 Meters must:
o Allow remote data access
o Have data logging
o Comply with DEWA’s smart meter specs
o Virtual meters using run-hours are not allowed
12.2.7 – Central Control & Monitoring System (CCMS)
Applicable if:
 Building cooling load ≥ 1 MW, or
 Gross Floor Area ≥ 5,000 m²
Required Functions:
 Full control and monitoring of:
o Chiller plant
o HVAC systems
o Water and energy usage
o Diagnostic reporting
12.2.8 – On-Site Renewable Energy (Small to Medium DRRG)
 Must follow Section 10 – DRRG/Shams Dubai
 Subject to DEWA approval
 Must follow DEWA guidelines on:
o Specifications
o Safety
o Compliance
o Monitoring and protection
12.2.9 – Outdoor Lighting with Renewable Source
 If exterior lighting exceeds allowable LPD, then:
o Excess lighting load must be powered exclusively by renewable energy (e.g., solar PV)
Summary Chart
Regulation Area Requirement
Exterior Lighting Power Follow ASHRAE 90.1–2013 or equivalent
Lighting Controls Occupancy sensors, daylight sensors, zone control
Ballasts High-frequency electronic only
Smart Metering Required for all major loads (>100kW) and tenancies
CCMS/BMS Mandatory if GFA ≥ 5,000m² or cooling load ≥ 1 MW
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Regulation Area Requirement
Renewable Integration Must follow DEWA DRRG (Shams Dubai) for solar/grid connection
Outdoor Excess Lighting Extra lighting load must be solar powered

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