Some of these representation systems are very complex (such as compressed video
files), while others are rather simple. One of the earliest and simplest is called
ASCII text. ASCII (pronounced "As-Key") is short for American Standard Code for
Information Interchange. This is a simple encoding scheme that was first used on
Teletype machines to map keyboard characters to numbers.
Text is a simple one-to-one mapping of characters to numbers. It is very compact.
Fifty characters of text translates to fifty bytes of data. It is important to
under-stand that text only contains a simple mapping of characters to numbers. It
is not the same as a word processor document such as one created by Microsoft Word
or LibreOffice Writer. Those files, in contrast to simple ASCII text, contain many
non-text elements that are used to describe its structure and formatting. Plain
ASCII text files contain only the characters themselves and a few rudimentary
control codes such as tabs, carriage returns and line feeds.
Throughout a Linux system, many files are stored in text format and there are
many Linux tools that work with text files. Even Windows recognizes the impor-tance
of this format. The well-known NOTEPAD.EXE program is an editor for plain ASCII
text files.