Practical Research 2
Practical Research 2
RONAD CALING
AXCELREY MICUTUAN
ANGELINE ROSAL
JERRY VACALARES
MARCH 2025
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First and foremost, it is with immense gratitude that we extend our acknowledgments
to those whose unwavering support and guidance have been instrumental in bringing
this research to fruition. Their dedication and commitment have paved the way for the
exploration of prime motivation on top 5 sections attending flag raising ceremony at
Matangad National High School.
To Advisors, who provided guidance, support, and feedback throughout the research
process.
To School Administration, for granting permission to conduct the study and providing
access to resources and facilities.
To Participants, the top 5 sections who participated in the study for their cooperation
and willingness to contribute to the research.
A special thanks to Sir Philip B. Jumawan for her unwavering support and help to
make this research successful.
A special thanks to ma’am Sarah jane M. Taquindingan for her unwavering support and
help to make this research successful.
To Sir Rey Johnson Ratunil, for the encouragement, motivations and for not leaving
us through this journey.
RONAD CALING
MARK VIRGEL CASTILLION
AXCELREY MICUTUAN
KENT BENJIE RABINO
GIAN CARLO RAGMAC
ANGELINE ROSAL
JERRY VACALARES
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BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
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NAME: MARK VIRGEL CASTILLION
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
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BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
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BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
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BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
MISAMIS ORIENTAL
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
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BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
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BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
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ABSTRACT
The study generally aims to determine the factors Motivate the students to attend the
flag raising ceremony on Matangad National High School. A qualitative type of research using
the descriptive-survey method was employed to describe “what is”, which was the process of
this study, using interview questionnaires to collect the responses of the respondents. The
respondents of the study were the top 5 sections students from Matangad National High
School. The participants were selected using random sampling technique. From the findings,
the study concluded that (1) Motivation of the students. The study recommends to (1) For
future researchers, an equivalent quantitative research should also be conducted to fully
assess the respondents’ reading comprehension level. (2) The researchers would also
recommend to conduct this research on a bigger population to further improve the accuracy
and reliability of the data gathered. (3) The researcher would also recommend that the school
should have a proper assessment and monitoring on the students’ attendance based on the
situation cited by the researchers.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………………………. xii
LIST OF FIGURES…………………………………………………………………………. 1-3
LIST OF APPENDICES……………………………………………………………………
1.INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………. 1-2
1.1 Background and rationale ………………………………………………………….. 1-2
1.2. Statement of the problem………………………………………………………….. 2
1.3 Objectives of the study……………………………………………......................... 2
1.3.1. General Objectives……………………………………………………………….. 2
1.3.2. Specific Objectives……………………………………………………………….. 2
1.4. Significance of the study…………………………………………………………... 3
1.5 Scope and delimitations of the study…………………………….. …………….. 3
1.6 Definition of terms……………………………………………...…......................... 4
LIST OF FIGURES
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Figure Description Page
1 Conceptual Framework…………………………….………8
2 Map…………………………………………………………..10
3 Flowchart…………………………………………………….11
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1. INTRODUCTION
Flag raising ceremony here in Matangad National High school is unique compare to
any school, because they give award to those sections that have the biggest number of
present Students of, every students is been motived to attend the flag raising in order to get
an award, also flag raising is important to any students because it is a symbolic act that holds
deep significance for many cultures and nation. It represent a variety of important concept
like. National pride and unity because raising a flag is a way to show patriotism and express a
sense of belonging to a nation and respect and dignity to show respect for the country
According at Republic Act No. 8491, also known as the “Flag and Heraldic Code of
the Philippines,” comprehensively outlines the proper conduct and observance of flag-raising
ceremonies in the Philippines and According to a vexillologist a person called who studies the
flag that vexillology explores the history, symbolism, and usage Of flags, it delve into the
design, principle, Cultural significance and evolution across different times and cultures
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1.2 Statement of The Problem
This study sought to determine the factors motivate the students to attend the flag
raising ceremony here in Matangad National high school. Specifically, this study will seek to
answer the following questions
a. Rank/ section
b. Economic status
The significance of this study lies on the holding of all classroom officers into the
factors motivating their classmates to attend the flag raising ceremony, on those top 5 in
Matangad National High school. Understanding these factors can inform the students to
motivate them selves to enhance students punctuality, ultimately contributing to their
academic success.
To the Teachers. Teachers serve as role models in guiding students toward active
citizenship. This study provides educators with insights into the educational benefits of flag-
raising ceremonies, particularly in fostering discipline, respect, and civic awareness.and
teachers are instrumental in ensuring that students grasp the historical and cultural
significance of such traditions.
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To the parents. Parents play a crucial role in reinforcing the values learned during flag-
raising ceremonies. This study helps parents understand how these ceremonies shape their
children’s national identity and moral values.
To the Future researchers. This study serves as a valuable resource for future researchers
interested in exploring nationalism, civic engagement, and educational traditions. It provides a
foundation for further research on the impact of flag-raising ceremonies on students’ attitudes
toward national identity. Future studies can expand on this by examining how modernization
and globalization influence students’ perceptions of patriotism and whether alternative
methods can complement traditional ceremonies.
The research aimed to identify and analyze the factors that contribute to the
development or hinder the progress of attending students during the flag raising among to all
students. The researchers will not consider the age of the respondents as long as it’s on the
top 5 sections.
This research study focused on the top 5 sections during the flag raising ceremony on
Matangad National high school and may not be applicable to the other school
Building Unity: Flag raising ceremonies can serve to bring people together and foster a
sense of community.
Commemoration: Flag raising ceremonies are often held to commemorate national holidays,
historical events, or the achievements of individuals or groups.
Honoring Values: They can also be used to honor the values represented by the flag, such
as freedom, justice, or patriotism.
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2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter presents the review of related literature and studies that helped the
researcher determine the factors that affect reading comprehension. Those included in this
chapter help in familiarizing relevant and similar information to the present study and gave the
author enough background to understand the study.
According to Patrick Flores (2019) The identity of a country and the sentiments which
surround it may manifest in different forms such as art, music, literature, poetry, and symbols.
Every established country, throughout its history, develops its own unique symbol which comes
in the form of a flag. Through this flag, the ideals and aspirations which every country wishes to
uphold for itself and each one of its citizens are visualized and represented. How each state
treats the use of their flag differs, normally influenced by the experiences of the country
throughout its history. In the Philippines, the flag has embodied national unity. The Philippines is
a nation of diverse cultural backgrounds and varying historical experiences in each area. In the
midst of such diversity, the Philippine flag provided a symbol which transcends provincial or
regional identity. The Philippine flag has also been time and again been a symbol of sovereignty,
and, a banner to rally under for those who wish to be free from foreign control, such struggle
against an occupying power being one of the catalysts for such unity. Occupying forces have
also tried throughout history to suppress the use of the national flag, with Filipinos striving to
regain such right each time. Ironically, the Philippine government, decades after freedom has
been gained once again from the last foreign occupier, imposes particular restrictions on the use
of the national flag. Some restrictions in particular prohibiting attachment of the flag in clothing
and other articles. Even more ironic is such restrictions were put in place not long after the
government enshrined the right to free expression in its constitution. Despite this, Filipinos still
proudly adorn the flag and its imagery on their everyday belongings, while brands and
businesses in the Philippines continue to make products showcasing such designs. This thesis
seeks to tackle the use of freedom of expression against the imposed restrictions on the use of
the flag.
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According to Sudhai Pai (2009) The national flag in every country symbolizes its
history, traditions and national identity, particularly those emerging from colonialism, where it
is used to invoke a glorious past, as well as a symbol of a modern nation-state that is being
constructed. This often creates, in the process, deep-seated divisions. The flag is an
important symbol that helps create’imagined communities’, or is one of the cultural artifacts
that helps in constituting a nation (Anderson 1983: 13). In India, the tricolour with the Ashokan
wheel emblem was adopted as a symbol of a resurgent, democratic and secular nation, with
an ancient and composite civilization, to create a pan-Indian identity following independence.
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3. THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Eric Hobsbawm’s Invention of Tradition (1983)Hobsbawm theory argues that many national
traditions, including flag-raising ceremonies, are “invented” to establish continuity with the
past and promote collective identity. These traditions serve to instill loyalty, discipline, and
respect for national symbols.
Social Identity Theory by Tajfel and Turner (1979)Tajfel and Turner’s Social Identity Theory
suggests that people derive part of their self-identity from group memberships, including
national identity. Participation in national traditions, such as flag-raising, enhances individuals’
sense of belonging and pride in their country.
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1.2 Conceptual Framework
Figure 1 below shows the conceptual framework used in the study. The horizontal line
connects the independent variable to the dependent variable. The first frame is the
independent variable, it is the research study. The second frame contains the dependent
variable, the respondents.
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4. MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study is a qualitative type of research using a descriptive survey method. Descriptive
research describes current event and the research questions or problems raised are based
on the appreciation of the present phenomena, events, or situation (Areola 2019). The
purpose of this method is to describe “what is”, which was the process of this study.
They researchers identified the factors motivate the students to attend the flag raising
ceremony of Matangad National High School.
The subject of this study would be the top 5 sections during the flag raising ceremony
each month here in Matangad National High School. A Random sampling technique will be
used to select students.
The researcher conducted this study at Matangad National High School, which is located
in Barangay Matangad Gitagum Misamis Oriental during the school year 2025-2026
The first step is initiates the research process by seeking permission from the school
principal to conduct the study. With permissions secured, the process transitioned to
respondent selection which are the top 5 sections Armed with a structured questionnaire,
researchers engaged in insightful interviews with the selected respondents. Systematically
organizing and categorizing the collected data to facilitate analysis. The researchers will
interpret the data and lastly, the results and discussions.
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Figure 2. Map showing the location of Matangad National High School, Matangad, Gitagum,
Misamis Oriental where the study takes place.
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Letter of Permission to be Given to the Principal
Transcribing of video/audio
Organizing Data
Interpretation of Data
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Concept Development
The instruments used in the study are open-ended interview questionnaires. The
researcher will use the descriptive method to determine the factors motivate the students to
attend the flag raising . The researcher used a modified interview questionnaire by
Estremera, M.L. and Estremera, GL.
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5. RESULT
This chapter had been formulated to answer the research questions adapted and
modified from Estremera, M.L. and Estremera, G.L. This findings and discussion will be
establish according to the research questions and interview questions. This way it will be
easier to see the patterns and direct responses from the informants. The respondents of
this study will be the students of the top 5 sections
1 10 20%
2 10 20%
3 10 20%
4 10 20%
5 10 20%
Total 50 100%
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5.1.2 Economic status
1k 2
3k 2
5k 17
6k 1
7k 4
10k 5
15k 5
10-15k 3
16k 1
10-20k 5
25k 5
100k 1
Total 50
5.2 What are the factors that motivate the respondents to attend the flag raising ceremony?
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The factors that motivate respondents to attend a flag-raising ceremony can vary depending
on the response of the respondents about what motivates them
Motivation Frequency
Attendance 30
Award 20
Total 50
“Para maka help sa attendance nga kuan maka kuha adtong award sa punctual sa school”
(VISAYAN) -Respondent
“Para kay diba sa atong skwelahan naay top 10 ang gusto nako na ma apil mi didto para ma
prove pud nako sa skwelahan na committed pud ko.” (VISAYAN) – Respondent
6. DISCUSSION
The research findings presented herein shed light on the multifaceted nature of
factors motivating the students to attend the flag raising ceremony. Drawing upon data
collected through survey and interview questionnaires adapted and modified from
Estremera, M.L. and Estremera, G.L., a comprehensive understanding of these influences
begins to emerge.
6.1.1 Rank
The results shows that (10) of the respondents place at top 1, followed by the (10)
respondents place at top 2, followed by top 3 with (10) respondents, followed by top 4 with
The respondent’s parents found that seven (17) respondents earned five thousand (5k)
per month, four (4) respondents earned (7k) per month, two (2) respondents combined (3k)
per month, (2) respondents combined (1k) per month,and the remaining 26 were in the range
of 10k-15k, 16k, 15k, 10k, 5k-10k, 10k-20k, 25k and the last one was 100k . Children from
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poor backgrounds are constrained by the financial resources they and their families have
(Crosnoe and Cooper 2010). Thus, economic capital determines the extent to which parents
can offer financial support to their children’s academic pursuits.
6.2 Main factors that motivate the students to attend the flag raising ceremony
The researchers reveals significant insight into the motivation of the top 5 sections
students at Matangad National High School, 80% of the students attend the flag raising
ceremony for the attendance and 20% is for exercise and for Patriotism and National
Pride , Rules and Requirements , honoring the flag. Community and Belonging (Franklin
D. Roosevelt on June 14, 1942), during Flag Day in the United States. In his speech,
Roosevelt emphasized patriotism, unity, and the significance of the national flag as a
symbol of freedom ,Students with a strong sense of responsibility and civic duty may
voluntarily participate out of respect for the tradition.
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7.3 2. What motivates the respondents to attend the flag raising ceremony?
The researchers found that 80% of the students attend “for attend only,” while 20%
attend for other reasons. These findings highlight motivational factors and emphasize the
need to address instructional methods and socio-cultural contexts. Interventions should focus
on ensuring equitable resource access and encouraging student engagement with school
rules and regulations.
8. RECOMMENDATION
3. The researcher would also recommend that the school should have a proper
assessment and monitoring on the students’ to attend based on the situation cited by
the researchers.
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References
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3846798
Hobsbawm (1983), national symbols and rituals, such as flag-raising, play a crucial role in the
creation of national consciousness.
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://
www.scirp.org/reference/r
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://
www.britannica.com/topic/Imagined-Communities-Reflections-on-the-Origins-and-Spread-of-
Nationalism&ved=2ahUKEwiG0vug-I-
MAxWBs1YBHaFuJwoQFnoECGAQAQ&usg=AOvVaw3C0GZ5PN2mpnvyr_tPm8on
http://www.robinalexander.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Alexander-dialogicteaching-
bibliography.pdf
Robert Shanafelt (2008) Conventionally, flags are explained as symbols of group solidarity
that achieve force through ritual processes.
. https://ila.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1598/RT.64.7.1
Cachero, J.M., & Salem, G. (2013). The Reading Comprehension Level of Intermediate
Pupils across Content Areas:
https://doi.org/1080/09751122.2016.11890458
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.
Interviewer: Kung ipag sagol ang sweldo sa imong mama og papa sa lantaw nimo pila
tanan?(If you combined your mom’s and dad’s salaries, how much would they be?)
Interviewee: Mo dagan syag 10k-20k amount (You can get it for 10k-20k amount.)
Interviewer: Pilay balon nimo taga adlaw?(How much is your daily allowance?)
Interviewer: Unsay uban rason para mo apil kag flag raising ceremony?(What other
reasons do you have for participating in the flag raising ceremony?)
Interviewee: kay naa man kot gina commit as a sslg na dapat jud mo sayo tag
attend sa flag raising para ma discipline ta.(because I have committed as a sslg that
you should attend the flag raising so that we can be disciplined)
.Respondent 1
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Researcher: Kung ipag sagol ang sweldo sa imong mama og papa sa lantaw nimo
pila tanan?(If you combined your mom’s and dad’s salaries, how much would they
be?)
Respondent: Ga depend sya sa bulan kay among business bitaw nag depende ra
siya sa order maong walay exact(It depends on the month because in our business it
depends on the order so there is no exact)
Respondent: Wala kay nag baklayan rako kay doul raman ang among balay sa
skwelahan (Nothing, because I just walked because our house is close to the
school.)
Respondent: 50
Researcher: Unsay uban rason para mo apil kag flag raising ceremony? (What other
reasons do you have for participating in the flag raising ceremony?)
Respondent: Para maka kuha adtong award sa punctuality (To get that punctuality
award)
. Respondent 2
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Researcher: Kung ipag sagol ang sweldo sa imong mama og papa sa lantaw nimo
pila tanan?(If you combined your mom’s and dad’s salaries, how much would they
be?)
Respondent: Wala kay hatud,kuha man ko(nothing because I was just picked up)
Respondent: 50 kay hatod kuha man ko(50 because I was just picked up)
Researcher : Unsay uban rason para mo apil kag flag raising ceremony? (What
other reasons do you have for participating in the flag raising ceremony?)
Respondent: Gusto nako na apil mi sa top 10 then ma proof pud nako sa skwelahan
na committed kayko na mo attend ug flag raising ceremony (I want us to be in the top
10 so I can prove to the school that I’m committed to attend the flag raising
ceremony.)
.Respondent 3
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Researcher: Kung ipag sagol ang sweldo sa imong mama og papa sa lantaw nimo
pila tanan?(If you combined your mom’s and dad’s salaries, how much would they
be?)
Respondent: 5k
Respondent: wala kay nag baklay rako kay duol ra among balay sa skwelahan
(Nothing, because I just walked because our house is close to the school.)
Respondent: 25 pesos
Researcher: Unsay uban rason para mo apil kag flag raising ceremony?(What other
reasons do you have for participating in the flag raising ceremony?)
Respondent: Attendance
.Respondent 4
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Researcher: Kung ipag sagol ang sweldo sa imong mama og papa sa lantaw nimo
pila tanan?(If you combined your mom’s and dad’s salaries, how much would they
be?)
Respondent: 3k
Researcher: pilay daily transportation nimo padulong dri sa skwelahan? (How much
transportation do you need to get to school?))
Researcher: Pila ang daily allowance nimo?(How much is your daily allowance?)
Respondent: 100
Researcher: Unsay uban rason para mo apil kag flag raising ceremony?(What other
reasons do you have for participating in the flag raising ceremony?)
.Respondent 5
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Researcher : Kung ipag sagol ang sweldo sa imong mama og papa sa lantaw nimo
pila tanan?(If you combined your mom’s and dad’s salaries, how much would they
be?)
Respondent: 40
Respondent: 100
Researcher: Unsay uban rason para mo apil kag flag raising ceremony?(What other
reasons do you have for participating in the flag raising ceremony?)
Respondent: Pag kita sakong classmate ana nga day( to see my classmate on that
day)
.Respondent 6
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Researcher: Kung ipag sagol ang sweldo sa imong mama og papa sa lantaw nimo
pila tanan?(If you combined your mom’s and dad’s salaries, how much would they
be?)
Respondent: Dili permi pero ug mahalin ang tobacco mo dagan sya ug half a million
(Not always, but if you sell tobacco, it will cost half a million.)
Respondent: 35
Researcher: Pila imong daily allowance?( How much is your daily allowance)
Respondent: 100
Researcher: Unsay uban rason para mo apil kag flag raising ceremony?(What other
reasons do you have for participating in the flag raising ceremony?)
Respondent: ang amoang adviser kay sya mismo mo ingon na mo attend dli lang
para sa top 5 na reward kundi para sa among kaugalingon(our adviser is because
she said that you will attend not only for the top 5 rewards but for ourselves)
.Respondent 7
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Researcher: Kung ipag sagol ang sweldo sa imong mama og papa sa lantaw nimo
pila tanan?(If you combined your mom’s and dad’s salaries, how much would they
be?)
Respondent: 20k
Respondent: Wala(nothing)
Researcher: Pila imong daily allowance? (How much is your daily allowance?)
Respondent: 75
Researcher: Unsay uban rason para mo apil kag flag raising ceremony?(What other
reasons do you have for participating in the flag raising ceremony?)
Respondent: Para sa perfect attendance ug para dili maka pang hinlo(For perfect
attendance and to avoid being too clean up drive)
.Respondent 8
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Researcher: Kung ipag sagol ang sweldo sa imong mama og papa sa lantaw nimo
pila tanan?(If you combined your mom’s and dad’s salaries, how much would they
be?)
Respondent: 15-20k
Respondent: Wala(nothing)
Researcher: Pila imong daily allowance? (How much is your daily allowance?)
Respondent: 50
Researcher: Unsay uban rason para mo apil kag flag raising ceremony?(What other
reasons do you have for participating in the flag raising ceremony?)
.Respondent 9
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Researcher: Kung ipag sagol ang sweldo sa imong mama og papa sa lantaw nimo
pila tanan?(If you combined your mom’s and dad’s salaries, how much would they
be?)
Respondent: Wala, kay mag baklay rako everyday(nothing, because I just walk
every day)
Researcher: Pila imong daily allowance? (How much is your daily allowance?)
Researcher: Unsay uban rason para mo apil kag flag raising ceremony?(What other
reasons do you have for participating in the flag raising ceremony?)
.Respondent 10
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Appendix 1. Permission letter that was given to the Matangad National High
School
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