Professional ethics is nothing but a code of conduct applicable to

different professions and is set up by the expert members of such

profession or professional organizations.
Engineering ethics are principles and guidelines engineers follow to ensure their
decision-making is aligned with their obligations to the public, their clients, and
the industry.
Human Behaviour is divided into three
1) Morality
2) Ethics
3) Values
Morals are basically personal opinions based on one’s own belief and values. The word moral
is derived from the Latin word mos meaning custom.
It means one’s own Right and wrong.
Some of the moral code of conduct that a person develops over the years are :-
1. Being good to everyone
2. Speaking the truth.
3. Going against what you know is wrong.
4. Having chastity.
5. Avoid cheating.
6. Being a good human being.

Values
It is the ability of a person to judge between right and wrong. Eg.When you write an exam
some may believe in working hard and scoring high marks and some may try to score
marks through wrong methods which is unethical.
Types of values are
1. Right conduct
2. Peace
3. Truth
4. Love
5. Nonviolence
1.Right conduct-
if one does not know the law of right conduct, he or she cannot form a character. It can be
divided into three
1a) Self Help skills which includes Diet , hygiene , modesty , self reliance and tidy
appearance.
1b) Social skills which includes good behaviour , good manners, good relationships ,
no wastage , good environment whereas ethical skills include code of conduct ,
perseverance, determination, punctuality , resourcefulness, respect for all and
responsibility.
2) Peace- Values related to peace- dignity, inner silence, self acceptance and
understanding.
3) Truth – Values related to truth include fairness, fearlessness, quest for knowledge,
sincerity, spirit of enquiry, synthesis, trust, truthfulness and determination.
4) Love – This will include Acceptance , care, companion, empathy, patience,
forgiveness , sacrifice ,tolerance, trust.
5.Non violence -this could be again mainly divided into psychological- which consists
of compassion forgiveness and the like. Appreciation of culture and religion care for
brotherhood national awareness comes under social form of non-violence. And
another thing that engineers should possesses is accuracy. Accuracy means
authenticity and clearness to truth. It also includes speaking one’s own mind without
exaggerating while giving importance to work.

Ethics
The word ethics originates from the Greek word ethos meaning Character.
Ethics is a single word that links morals, values and beliefs of the individual, family or
the society together in a string. When ethics is linked closely to a profession then it is
known as professional ethics. Each profession has its own ethics like medical,
engineering law and the like. Profession is where a person is committed to an
organised occupation whereas professional ethics are the values and virtues are what
a professional is supposed to follow when in a particular profession. In order to
perform better in terms of professional ethics several ethical codes are developed
which will be ideal and each will enable him to express his abilities. Such codes are
professional codes of ethics which will help a person from coordination problem. He
will also be able to communicate better to his employers customers and other
professionals colleagues.

Skills for ethical reasoning in work place.

1. One should be willing and morally responsible while dealing with issues.
2. Give and take respect.
3. There should not be any difference with caste, creed , colour or religion.
4. There should be proper communication while dealing with issues or problems
with open ended questions, accepted and appreciated by both the parties.
5. To resolve issues in an efficient manner.
6. Issues to be sorted out and views to be based on relevant facts.
7. Moral issues should not be mixed with practical difficulties. Moral issues may
demand alternative solutions whereas practical difficulties may require creative
solutions.

Integrity

it is another word for thought deed and open mindedness. Integrity means standing
by your word and action come what may. For example if your new year resolution is
to be good to others do you follow through or does your weak behaviour take over
you.

How Integrity works

1. Keep your word or promises.

2. Be honest and carriers of truth.
3. Speak politely and
Consider others. Words are powerful. So use them carefully while handling any
matter.

Sources of Ethics
1. Family factors
2. Social fac.
3. Personal Fac.
4. Religious fac.
5. Cultural fac
6. Life Experiences
7. Role Demands – Manager has to follow firm instructions rather than personal
rules and strategies.
8. Halo Effect - Judging people on the basis of a single trait. Eg Good or bad.

Work Ethics
Hard work is essential in maintaining a strong character. Characteristics of work
ethics are
1. Reliability-Individual will be on time for the job, he would meet deadlines, will
be an excellent team mate and co- ordinate all projects.
2.Dedication- Should be focussed until the work is done.
3 Discipline- Seek new opportunities, Learn new skills which result in increase in
the expectation of the company.
4 Productivity-They complete work with limited resources and have a maximum
output.
5 Cooperation- They develop a team work and cooperate willingly to the
upliftment of the company.
6 Integrity- A person who works with integrity will be honest , polite and fair to
others.
7 Responsibility- Such will be accountable and responsible for the work they do.
8 Professionalism-It is related to how you carry yourself, the way you speak and
the way you dress yourself. A clear professional attitude helps achieving
organisational and
individual goals.

SERVICE LEARNING
It is a non- paid activity, where in a professional does a service on a voluntary basis to
either society , non- profitable organisations and charitable institutions.

It means service during learning. The employees can study real life problems and
provide solutions or improve public health care system or welfare of a village, school
and the like. As an engineering student, taking and learning socially relevant projects,
analysing and ensuring the same is Service Learning.

CIVIC VIRTUE

These are moral duties and rights of the citizens of the society. Civic virtue do add up
to the character of a person. Not spitting on roads , keeping the environment clean,
following traffic rules diligently, wearing masks and cleaning hands using sanitizers so
that COVID 19 does not spread, following the rules of the nation are some of the civic
virtues that need to be followed by the current generation.

Everything depends on how the youth take up

useful endeavours which will do public good in one way or the other. It could be
divided into 4 categories.

a) Civic knowledge

Enlightened citizens are always a boon to the society. They should have a thorough
knowledge of what constitution is how the government functions, state machinery
and what they should and should not do.

b) Self restraint

One can get freedom only when they accept the rules put forward by the government
which will be largely good for general public. Citizens should learn to restrain both in
public as well as private life. It means abstaining from illegal activities.

C) Self assertion
Every citizen should be aware of his or her rights in the country he or she is
residing. If found that the government is infringing upon the rights of the citizens
then the public has every right to either alter or abolish the government using
voting rights or call back.

Self-reliant- Self-reliant citizens can enjoy freedom and full blessings of liberty.
Civic virtues are righteous behaviour where in the citizens get involved with the
individuals in particular and society at large. For example Fishermen of Kerala
coming out voluntarily with their boats to save several lives during floods is one of
the best examples of civic virtues. During the COVID 19 pandemic several
youngsters came out voluntarily to provide for the poor and the needy.

Respect for others

this is the basic requirement when working in a team or nurturing a friendship it is
important to recognise people as equal human beings an accept their right to life.
 1. Appreciate your colleagues and subordinates when they do good do not make
them feel bad or make fun of them they fall.
2. Criticise constructively and encourage them.
Share goodwill to others. Thus, showing respect to others is the display of your
good manners.

Living peacefully
A person who has peace within him and outside will always have a peaceful life.
Ways to live peacefully are

1) Develop a routine of self-discipline self regulation and order

2) Always try to get back to basics like meeting old friends classmates your kids
and Kin.
3) Admire the beauty of nature. Go to the beach or go for a long walk....

4) Do simple breathing exercises and always meditate.

5) Help the poor and the needy
6) Go to bed earlier and get good sleep, Nearly eight hours of sleep.
7) Life could be crazy, ignore small stuff. Then do not react to other persons
reactions.
8) We must also learn to accept the differences in others and this will definitely
help you to lead a better life.

CARING
Caring means feeling for others. It is emotional.
In the professional context , caring reflected the activities wherein the employer
exhibits fairness, Impartiality and justice in activities, welfare of others and
impartiality. Caring implies caring for environment, protecting the environment,
caring for animals which is important for our survival.

SHARING
By sharing , happiness and wealth are multiplied whereas crime is reduced.
Technology has increased the the prospects of sharing.
Social media platforms have been promoting the same for a long time.

HONESTY
It means truthfulness.
It means being real with yourself. A professional can be honest in many ways
a) Avoid Lying or exaggerating
b) Do not give judgments or matters that you are not familiar with.
c) Try to fulfil commitments on time.
d) Be presentable and do not be messy.
e) Make friendship with honest people.
 f) Mistakes are common but take the courage to accept the mistakes and rectify
them.
g) Respect your employees and customers. Care for customers help the
organisation reach its ultimate goal.
Thus honesty is the key to professional success and organisations prefer hiring
employees that are honest and less complicated.

COURAGE
It is the tendency to take risk and difficult task with self confidence.
There are six types of courage
1 ) Physical courage – It involve taking risk physically like going for an
adventure and climbing Mount Everest.
2) Social courage- It involves actions by an individual to change the order or the
system followed by a society, community or govt. They are not afraid of Social
embarrassment exhaustion, rejection Example, Malala Yousafzai who fought
for girls education and then went on to receive Nobel Peace Prize.
3) Intellectual courage-
Courage is inculcated through acquired knowledge experience and the like.
People come up with unique ideas or try to challenge earlier concepts.

4) Moral courage

It involves doing right things even though it involves shame or disappointment

by the society. Example giving food to old street beggars raising an orphaned child
are examples of moral courage.

5) Emotional courage such people are very courageous and confident about
themselves still improve emotionally. They follow four C”s that is confidence,
commitment, connection along with courage.

6 Spiritual courage- Here people take the support of religious foundations.

Questions on the presence of God doesn’t have any answer. So we accept that
there is an invisible force which directs our life. Thus courage involves making
decisions or actions that involves overcoming the risk of fear.

Valuing Time

Time is the rare source. Once lost it’s lost forever and cannot be recovered.
Several methods to value time could be;

1) Do not put off important tasks

2) Be productive and effective.

3)Review the task at the end of the day and see which is to be accomplished next

4) Prioritise your work and prioritise yourself

 5) Try to stick on time for the work to be done Example daily wage workers are
given salary based on the amount of work he completed within a stipulated time.

One should also enjoy life along with working hard.

COOPERATION

It ensures blending of various skills in order to achieve a common goal set by the
company. Some of the benefits of cooperation are

1) Increase in productivity

2) Increased job satisfaction

3) Employees feeling being valued- In SAIL (Steel Authority of India Ltd.) lower
level employees are given cash awards for their valuable suggestions and the
company gets greater profits.

4) Reduction in misunderstanding

COMMITMENT

It means achieving a goal set by an individual or a company. Commitment of a designer engineer to

design a product for the benefit of the society could be one example in this context. Maintaining
quality of the product ,reaching a target on or before time, limited conflicts and so on ...

HONESTY

Showing concern to others, understanding others view point in their perspective are indications of
empathy.

It is the ability to understand others feelings.

Some of the characteristics of empathetic people are

a) They virtually do anything for a person in need.

b) They cannot stand fake or selfish people.
c) They make every effort to understand how a person feels in a situation.
d) They are good listeners and have the gut feeling.
Several ways to show empathy
a) Good Listener
b) Judgement
c) Open up
d) Physical Affection

SELF CONFIDENCE

It is about the confidence a person has on his skills and abilities. Such people are aware of their
strength and weakness. Some of the characteristics of a confident person are

1) Set standards for others

2) A good eye contact

3) Avoid Over stating

4) Assertiveness - Confident people tend to do everything alone. They venture into new areas without
fear.

5) Decisiveness- They take decisions very easily and do not change their decisions frequently.

6 A smile- People with confidence have a reason to have a broad smile. Those who are less confident
have a narrow smile.

7 Take Risks- Only if you are ready to take risk can you achieve more. But this taking of risk should be
done carefully.

Character and it’s types Character is about excellence as a whole human being in every
aspect of one's life.

1) Round Character- They are complex personalities. They change with time and situations and have
many layers to their personality.

2) Dynamic character-They bring transformations within oneself. They change throughout their life.

3)Static Character- They do not change their personality. No emotions Eg Soldier going for war , his
wife may not show any emotions as she is prepared for any situation.

4) Stock character- They represent specific stereotypes. Eg. Mean mother – in – law or selfish boss.

5 ) Symbolic Character -His or her presence represent the major aspect of a society. Presence of
objects, plants, animals , birds also indicate symbolic character. Eg. Dove is a symbol of peace. Taj
Mahal is a symbol of love and Hiroshima and Nagasaki, symbol of war and disaster.

Spirituality also known as Adhyatma in Sanskrit. It acts as a Balance between materiel and spiritual
world. It is associated with colours like green and saffron. Following activities should be adhered to
while promoting spirituality in the work place.

1) Set clear missions which will benefit the society.

2) The actions taken by the top management should not affect the interest of their lower level
workers and staff.
3) Employees who can relate to the goals and mission of the company should be appointed.
4) Create an environment where there is unity in diversity.
5) Encourage personality development classes so that they have a better social personal and
professional life.
6) Help create an environment where employees have a fruitful interaction among themselves.

7) Employees to be given paid holidays to spend time with their families.

What an individual can do to contribute spirituality at work place?

1. Have a positive approach towards work.
2. Be kind and polite to others.
 3. Understand the environment under which you are working.
4. Do not involve yourself in corporate politics.
5. Do not try to control people around you.
6. Get to know your workers
7. Respond to the opportunities and make maximum use of it.
8. Be prompt and punctual.
9. Respond to your clients and customers politely.
10. Help in achieving the goals of the organisation along with your goals.

1. Yoga improves strength, balance and flexibility.

Slow movements and deep breathing increase blood flow and warm up muscles,
while holding a pose can build strength.

2. Yoga helps with back pain relief.

Yoga is as good as basic stretching for easing pain and improving mobility in
people with lower back pain.

3. Yoga can ease arthritis symptoms.

Gentle yoga has been shown to ease some of the discomfort of tender, swollen
joints.

4. Yoga relaxes you, to help you sleep better.

6. Yoga can get more energy and brighter moods.

You may feel increased mental and physical energy, a boost in alertness and
enthusiasm, and fewer negative feelings after getting into a routine of practicing
yoga.

7. Yoga helps you manage stress.

According to the National Institutes of Health, scientific evidence shows that yoga
supports stress management, mental health, mindfulness, healthy eating, weight
loss.
8. Yoga connects you with a supportive community.

Participating in yoga classes can ease loneliness and provide an environment for
group healing and support. Even during one-on-one sessions loneliness is reduced
as one is acknowledged as a unique individual, being listened to and participating
in the creation of a personalized yoga plan.

9. Yoga promotes better self-care.

Meditation
When you meditate, you may clear away the information overload that builds up
every day and contributes to your stress.

The emotional and physical benefits of meditation can include:

• Gaining a new perspective on stressful situations.

• Building skills to manage your stress
• Increasing self-awareness
• Focusing on the present
• Reducing negative emotions
• Increasing imagination and creativity
• Increasing patience and tolerance
• Lowering heart rate.
• Lowering blood pressure.
• Improving sleep quality.