Chapter 2 - Text functions in Excel
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The CONCATENATE function is used to combine two or more text strings into a
single string.
Syntax: =CONCATENATE(text1, text2, ...)
Example: =CONCATENATE("John", " ", "Doe") will return "John Doe".
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The LEFT function returns a specific number of characters from the beginning
of a text string.
Syntax: =LEFT(text, [num_chars ])
Example: =LEFT("Hello World", 5) will return "Hello".
If you don't specify the num_chars argument, it will return the first character
of the text string.
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The RIGHT function returns a specific number of characters from the end of a
text string.
Syntax: =RIGHT(text, [num_chars])
Example: =RIGHT("Hello World", 5) will return "World".
If you don't specify the num_chars argument, it will return the last character
of the text string.
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The MID function extracts a specific number of characters from the middle of
a text string.
Syntax: =MID(text, start_num, [num_chars])
Example: =MID("Hello World", 7, 5) will return "World".
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The LEN function returns the number of characters in a text string, including
spaces.
Syntax: =LEN(text)
Example: =LEN("Hello World") will return 11.
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The UPPER function converts all the characters to uppercase.
Syntax: =UPPER(text)
Example: =UPPER("hello world") will return "HELLO WORLD".
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The LOWER function converts all the characters to lowercase.
Syntax: =LOWER(text)
Example: =LOWER("HELLO WORLD") will return "hello world".
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The PROPER function capitalizes the first letter of each word in a text string
and converts the rest of the characters to lowercase.
Syntax: =PROPER(text)
Example: =PROPER("john doe") will return "John Doe".