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Computer Memory Assignment

The document explains how data is stored in computers, emphasizing binary storage and various storage devices like RAM, ROM, and hard drives. It differentiates between volatile and non-volatile memory, detailing RAM types (SRAM and DRAM) and their characteristics, as well as the functions of ROM and cache memory. Additionally, it contrasts PROM and EPROM regarding their programmability and usage scenarios.

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Abdunasir Mohammed
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44 views3 pages

Computer Memory Assignment

The document explains how data is stored in computers, emphasizing binary storage and various storage devices like RAM, ROM, and hard drives. It differentiates between volatile and non-volatile memory, detailing RAM types (SRAM and DRAM) and their characteristics, as well as the functions of ROM and cache memory. Additionally, it contrasts PROM and EPROM regarding their programmability and usage scenarios.

Uploaded by

Abdunasir Mohammed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Assignment Answers

1. How are data stored in a computer?

Data in a computer is stored in binary form-using 0s and 1s. These binary digits (bits) are grouped

into bytes (8 bits = 1 byte).

Computers store data in different storage devices such as:

- Primary storage: like RAM and ROM, used for temporary and permanent storage during

processing.

- Secondary storage: like hard drives (HDD/SSD), CDs, USB drives, used for long-term storage.

- Data storage structure: Files and folders help organize the data logically.

2. Differences: Volatile vs. Non-volatile memory

Volatile Memory:

- Loses data when power is turned off

- Example: RAM

- Used for temporary data storage

- Fast access speed

Non-volatile Memory:

- Retains data even when power is off

- Examples: ROM, HDD, SSD, USB

- Used for permanent data storage

- Slower than RAM in general

3. What is RAM? What are its two types? Differentiate between them.

RAM (Random Access Memory) is a temporary memory that stores data currently being used by the

computer.
Types:

1. SRAM (Static RAM)

2. DRAM (Dynamic RAM)

SRAM:

- Faster and more expensive

- Stores data using flip-flops

- Does not need to be refreshed often

- Used in cache memory

DRAM:

- Slower and cheaper

- Stores data using capacitors

- Needs to be refreshed constantly

- Used in main memory (system RAM)

4. What is ROM? Why is it called so? Uses of ROM

ROM (Read-Only Memory) is non-volatile memory that stores permanent data and instructions

required for starting the computer.

It is called "Read-Only" because data in ROM is written during manufacturing and cannot be

modified easily.

Uses:

- Stores BIOS/firmware that helps in booting the computer.

- Embedded in devices like TVs, washing machines, calculators.

- Stores permanent software in hardware devices.


5. What is cache memory? How is it different from primary memory?

Cache memory is a small, very fast type of memory located close to the CPU. It stores frequently

used data and instructions to speed up processing.

Cache vs. Primary Memory:

- Cache is smaller, faster, and more expensive.

- Primary memory (RAM) is larger and used for active program data.

6. Difference between PROM and EPROM

PROM (Programmable ROM):

- Can be programmed once only

- Data is written using a special device

- Cannot be modified after programming

- Used when data should never change

EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM):

- Can be erased and reprogrammed

- Data is erased using UV light

- Can be updated if needed

- Used in systems needing occasional updates

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