SG Final
SG Final
LIAQUAT UNIVERSITY
OF MEDICAL & HEALTH SCIENCES,
JAMS HO RO , S IN DH
FINAL PROFESSIONAL
BATCH 2020-21 MBBS
ACADEMIC SESSION 2024-25
2
ACADEMIC CALENDAR
Academic Session 2024-2025
Summer Vacation/
1st to 4th Year MBBS June 07 to July 06, 2025
Internship/Elective
Summer Vacation/
Final Year MBBS June 07 to July 06, 2025
Tour
Winter Vacation 1st to 4th Year MBBS January 01, 2026 to January 04, 2026
3
*HOSPITAL POSTING:
FINAL PROFESSIONAL
MBBS 2020-21
DEPARTMENT OF
SURGERY
ACADEMIC SESSION 2024-25
9
DEPARTMENT OF SURGERY
S# TEACHING FACULTY
PROFESSORS
ASSOCIATE PROFESSORS
ASSISTANT PROFESSORS
SENIOR REGISTRARS
ensures that graduating students are ready to transition into their roles as capable
healthcare professionals.
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the Integrated Curriculum of Surgery, students will be able to:
1. Demonstrate in-depth knowledge of anatomy, physiology, pathology and clinical
features of surgical diseases, and integrate this knowledge into patient care.
2. Conduct detailed histories and physical examinations, interpret relevant diagnostic
tests, and make accurate diagnoses of common surgical conditions.
3. Demonstrate in depth understanding of the indications, contraindications of
common surgical procedures.
4. Integrate basic scientific and clinical knowledge for the management of surgical
patients.
5. Perform basic surgical skills under supervision, including basic procedures such as
wound dressing, catheterization and passing nasogastric tubes, suturing and
assisting in minor surgical procedures.
6. Identify and manage surgical emergencies, including trauma, shock, and acute
abdominal conditions, with an emphasis on timely interventions and stabilization.
7. Anticipate, recognize, and manage postoperative complications, including
infections, bleeding, and thromboembolic events.
8. Apply principles of patient safety, sterility, infection control, and surgical ethics to
clinical practice.
9. Provide compassionate, respectful and culturally appropriate care, and
communicate effectively with patients and their families.
10. Work effectively within multidisciplinary teams, coordinating with
anesthesiologists, radiologists, and other healthcare professionals to improve
patient outcomes.
11. Recognize the role of surgery in public health, and low-resource settings,
emphasizing on preventive and cost-effective care.
12. Engage in self-directed learning, and participate in clinical research to stay abreast
of surgical advances.
13. Advocate professional values, ethical principles and commitment to continuous
improvement in surgical care.
14. Learn to engage in modern diagnostic tools, minimally invasive surgical techniques
and surgical innovations to improve patient care.
Distribution of topics to each surgical unit with schedule of teaching per Module is
distributed as under;
12
Surgical Unit. I
Module 1: Perioperative care: Pre-operative care, postoperative care, Anesthesia
and pain relief, fluid and Nutrition
Module 2: Upper GI Esophagus, stomach, duodenum, Bariatric, GI endoscopy
Module 3: Vascular disorders Arterial disorders, venous disorders, lymphatic
disorders
Surgical Unit II
Module 4: Trauma Trauma, Shock, Hemorrhage, blood transfusion, metabolic
response to jury, Patients care and safety
Module 5: Hepato Biliary system and pancreatic system: Biliary system, Liver,
pancreas, Spleen, Minimal access surgery
Module 6: Abdominal wall Hernia and Inguino scrotal swelling Abdominal Wall
Hernias, Testis and scrotum, Day care surgery
Surgical Unit IV
Module 10: Basic principles of Surgery:
Basic surgical skills, Diagnostic imaging, Tissue and molecular diagnosis, Global Health
and Surgery, Transplantation
Module 11: Neck swelling and adrenal Thyroid, parathyroid, extra thyroidal neck
swellings, adrenals
Module 12: Breast and its related disorders Breast and its related disorders, surgical
oncology, Audit, Ethics
13
Surgical Unit I
Lectures of Surgical Unit 1 are as under;
No. of
Topic covered
lectures
Module 1: Peri operative care
1 Preoperative care, postoperative care
2 Anesthesia and pain relief
3 Fluid and Electrolyte imbalance
4 Nutrition disorders
Module 2: Upper GI Pathology
4 Esophagus
5 Stomach and duodenum
6 Bariatric Surgery and GI endoscopy
Module 3: Vascular Disorders
7 Arterial disorders
8 Venous disorders
9 lymphatic disorders
Psychomotor:
Conservative management of Must Know
acute limb ischemia (heparin)
How to examine the case of
limb ischemia
Affective:
Counselling and consent in
case of limb amputation
Counselling to prevent
vasospastic disorders
Venous Cognitive: Good to
Disorders Venous anatomy and Know
physiology
The pathophysiology of venous
hypertension
The clinical significance and
management of superficial
venous reflux Must to
Psychomotor: Know
The management of venous
ulceration (dressings)
Venous thromboembolism
Lower limb examination for
venous insufficiency
Affective:
Counselling about the life style or
occupational modification to prevent
venous disease
Lymphatic Cognitive: Good to
Disorders The anatomy and physiology of Know
the lymphatic system
The etiology and classification
of lymphoedema
The clinical features and
management of lymphoedema
Psychomotor:
Examination of lymphedema
Management of lymphedema Must Know
Manual lymph drainage
exercises
Affective:
Counselling about the limb care
and guide about manual
drainage
18
Surgical Unit II
Lectures of Surgical Unit II are as under;
No. of lectures Topic covered
Module 4: Trauma
1. Shock, Haemorrhage, Metabolic injury
2. Blood transfusion
3. Patient care and safety
Module 5 : Hepato biliary
4. Biliary system, Minimal invasive surgery
5. Liver spleen
6. Pancreas
Module 6: Abdominal hernia and inguino scrotal swelling
7. Abdominal wall hernias
8. Testis and scrotum
9. Day care surgery
Common surgical
pathogens and their
sensitivities.
Clinical presentation of
surgical infections.
Principles of antibiotic
therapy, their misuse and
development of resistance.
Koch’s postulates
Surviving sepsis campaign,
sepsis bundles and sepsis
six
Concept of primary and
secondary closure of
wounds.
Host response in surgical
infections
Definitions of infection,
particularly at surgical
sites
Psychomotor:
Practice different aseptic
techniques
Management of abscesses
Affective:
Tropical Cognitive: Good to
infestations common surgical Know
infections and infestations
that occur in the tropics.
Emergency presentations
of patient.
Diagnosis, investigations
and treatment of
emergency conditions.
The multidisciplinary
approach between Must Know
surgeon, physician,
radiologist, pathologist
and microbiologist.
Psychomotor:
General and local (lump,
ulcers, abdomen, chest)
examination of the patient
Affective:
Effectively communicate
and explain the causes
27
Inflammatory Cognitive:
bowel disease Etiology and pathology of
inflammatory bowel disease
Distinguishing features of
ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s
disease
Extra-intestinal
manifestations in
inflammatory bowel disease
Principles of medical
management
Emergency and elective
surgeries in inflammatory
bowel disease
Postoperative complications
and outcomes in long term
Psychomotor:
GPE and abdominal
examination
Examination of extra
intestinal manifestations
Affective:
Counselling about the long-
term complications
Counselling about the diet
and lifestyle modifications
Counsel the patients to
accept the condition and to
live with it
Surgical Unit IV
Schedule Lectures of Surgical Unit IV are as under;
No. of lectures Topic covered
Module 10: Basic principles of Surgery
1 Basic surgical skills
2 Tissue diagnosis and molecular diagnosis
3 Transplant Global health and surgery
Module 11: Neck swelling and adrenal
4 Thyroid
5 Extra thyroidal neck swelling
6 Parathyroid, Adrenals
Module 12: Breast and its related disorders
7 Benign breast disease
8 Ca breast
19 Surgical oncology
10 Audit and ethics
Schedule of tutorials of Surgical Unit IV are as under;
No: of tutorials Topic covered
Module 10: Basic principles of Surgery
1. Basic Surgical skills
2. Diagnostic imaging, Tissue and molecular diagnosis
3. Global Health and Surgery
4. Transplantation
Module 11 : Neck swelling and adrenal
5. Thyroid
6. Extra thyroidal neck swelling
7. Parathyroid
8. Adrenals
Module 12: Breast and its related disorders
9. Benign Breast diseases
10. Ca Breast
11. Surgical oncology
12. Audit and ethics
32
MODULE 11
Thyroid Cognitive
Describe the anatomy, Must
physiology, and pathology Know Lecture
of the thyroid gland. Tutorial MCQs, SAQs,
Identify clinical features and Group Presentation
diagnostic approaches for discussion
goiter, hyperthyroidism, and OSCE, Direct
thyroid malignancies. Skill lab, observation
Psychomotor Clinical
Take relevant history. rotation
Perform thyroid Feedback, OSCE
examination.
Interpretate laboratory Role play,
investigation and correlate group
with clinical features. discussion
Affective
Show empathy towards
patients with thyroid
disorders, particularly those
with malignancy.
Acknowledge the
importance of lifelong
follow-up in thyroid
patients.
Extra Cognitive Must Lecture MCQs, SAQs,
thyroidal Classify neck swellings Know Tutorial Presentation
neck based on anatomical Group
swellings location and etiology. discussion
Describe clinical features of
different neck swelling OSCE, Direct
Describe the diagnostic observation
approach for cystic, Skill lab,
inflammatory, and Clinical
neoplastic swellings. rotation Feedback, OSCE
Psychomotor
Take relevant history. Role play,
Perform examination of group
cervical lymph nodes. discussion
Assist in biopsy procedures
for lymphadenopathy.
Affective
Display professional
behavior and show respect
for patient concerns and
fears about malignancy.
35
FINAL PROFESSIONAL
MBBS 2020-21
DEPARTMENT OF
OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY
ACADEMIC SESSION 2024-25
39
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This Curriculum/ study giude is designed as per needs of the Final Professional
MBBS Students (05th Year) in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Liaquat
University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro-Pakistan.
I hope the young students/doctors will find this Curriculum/ study guide helpful
in learning of essential obstetrical & gynecological management and skills.
MISSION
This curriculum is designed for the students with quality medical education that
groom their personality and inculate in them sense of responsibility, confidence,
commitment and dedication toward their profession, society and country.
It explores the avenues of knowledge and skill necessary to practice O&G in the
community as well as provide excellent opportunities to appreciate professional
behavior.
This curriculum will facilitate the students to become better doctors of the
future.
RATIONALE
1) Daily timings & posting of Obstetrics & Gynaecology is 8:30 to 3:00 pm,
biometric (digital) and manual attendance both will be taken into account for
this purpose.
2) All students are advised to wear white apron during ward posting (Mandatory).
3) 80% attendance is mandatory during ward posting become eligible for ward
test.
4) After 9.00 a.m. Students are considered to be late and three (03) late coming
will be count as one (01) absent.
5) Evening calls will be assigned in groups for 2 hours (as per clinical
posting/schedule) 3 to 5 pm as per their residence and availability conveyance
facility.
6) Bed allotment of students will be done and all students are supposed to follow
their patients accordingly.
7) Formative assessment in form of end modular test/ TBL and WBA (Mini-Cex)
will be taken multiple times throughout the rotation while summative
assessment will be arrange for last 2-3 days of rotation (clinical examination &
OSCE).
8) OPD timing will be strictly followed from 11.00am to 1.30pm on respected days
Except Friday timings of 11.00 to 1.00pm as per the task of the day whether
outdoor or indoor.
9) Students skipping ward test unnecessary will not be allowed for ward test with
any other group.
PROGRAM
The Final Professional MBBS (Obstetrics & Gynecology) Clinical Posting comprises
of Eight (08) Weeks (02 Weeks per Unit)
1. Eight weeks (08) total 300 hours
a. 5 days per week (Monday - Friday)
b. 7:30 hours per day (08:00am – 03:00pm)
c. Evening Posting (03:00pm – 5:00pm) as per schedule
LEARNING OBJECTIVE & OUTCOMES
1) Learning Objective
To equip the students with essential knowledge, skills and attitude in order to
enable them with following:
a. Take appropriate history of Obstetrical & Gynaecological diseases;
communicate effectively with the patient, family and the community.
43
2) Learning Outcomes
By the end of this module, MBBS students will be able to perform
a. Cognitive Domain (Knowledge):
b. Skill Domain (Application):
c. Affective Domain (Attitudes and Professionalism):
THEMES
a) Obstetrics
1) Basic Clinical Skills
2) Physiology of Pregnancy
3) Anatomy of Fetal Skull and Maternal Bony Pelvis
4) Normal Pregnancy
44
* It is mandatory for the institute to provide necessary teaching aids and training
facilities to implement the methodology.
45
OBSTETRICS
MODULE – 01
BASIC CLINICAL SKILLS
Learning Outcome:
By the end of this module students will be able to understand and demonstrate
adequate knowledge, skills and attitudes in relation to history taking, general
physical and systemic examination, suggesting relevant investigations, appropriate
procedural and communication skill in Obstetrics.
Logical sequence of eliciting history from an obstetric patient
Clinical examination
Interpretation of investigations
Effective verbal and non-verbal communication
MODULE – 02
PHYSIOLOGY OF PREGNANCY
Learning Outcome:
By the end of this module students will be able to understand and demonstrate
adequate knowledge, skills (Application) and attitudes in relation to physiology of
pregnancy
Re-Call:
Diagnosis of pregnancy
Re-call: Conception, implantation, development of placenta, fetal circulation
and abnormalities of placenta
Physiological changes associated with pregnancy
MODULE – 03
ANATOMY OF FETAL SKULL AND MATERNAL BONY PELVIS
Learning Outcome:
By the end of this module students will be able to understand and demonstrate
adequate knowledge, skills and attitudes in relation:
Re-Call:
Anatomy of fetal skull and maternal bony pelvis
Abnormalities of bony pelvis
MODULE – 04
NORMAL PREGNANCY
Learning Outcome:
By the end of this module students will be able to understand and demonstrate
adequate knowledge, skills and attitudes in relation to antenatal care in low risk
pregnancy and the appropriate modification to antenatal care:
Pre-pregnancy care and antenatal care / Antenatal screening for diabetes
Imaging in obstetrics
Pre-natal diagnosis
Essential drugs and immunization with dosage and estimated need for
pregnancy, child birth and newborn
47
MODULE – 05
HIGH RISK PREGNANCY
Learning Outcome:
By the end of this module students will be able to understand and demonstrate
adequate knowledge, skills and attitudes in relation to recognition of the high risk
pregnancy and the appropriate modification to antenatal care:
Identify a high risk pregnancy
IUGR and fetal monitoring
Prolonged pregnancy
Multiple pregnancy
Hyperemesis gravidarum
Diabetes in pregnancy
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
o PIH
o Pre-eclampsia
o Eclampsia
o Essential HTN
Chronic renal diseases
Cardiac diseases in pregnancy
Liver diseases in pregnancy
Hematological disorders of pregnancy
o Anemia in pregnancy
o ISO immunization
o Thrombocytopenia and thrombophillias
o Coagulation and fibrinolytic disorders
MODULE – 06
MISCELLANEOUS MEDICAL DISORDERS IN PREGNANCY
Learning Outcome:
By the end of this module students will be able to understand and demonstrate
adequate knowledge, skills and attitudes in relation to the effect of pre-existing
medical conditions on pregnancy and the effect of pregnancy on these conditions
Epilepsy
Migraine
Thyroid diseases
Respiratory disorders
Auto immune disease
MODULE – 07
PERINATAL INFECTIONS
Learning Outcome:
By the end of this module students will be able to demonstrate an understanding
of the etiology, risk factors for, risks and management of the perinatal infections:
Syphilis
Toxoplasmosis
Cytomegalovirus
48
Rubella
Varicella zoster
Malaria
Urinary tract infection
Bacterial infections
Herpes simplex viral infections
Chlamydia, Gonorrhea
Trichomoniasis
Genital warts
HIV, Aids
Hepatitis
MODULE – 08
ABNORMAL PREGNANCY
Learning Outcome:
By the end of this module students will be able to demonstrate an understanding
of the etiology, risk factors for, risks and management of the major antenatal
complications of pregnancy:
Bleeding in early pregnancy (brief account of)
o Abortion
o Ectopic pregnancy
o Gestational trophoblastic disease
Bleeding in 2nd half of pregnancy
o Ante partum hemorrhage
Placenta previa
Abruptio placentae
Vasa previa
Intra uterine fetal death
Polyhydroamnios / oligohydroamnios
Mal-presentation and position
o Breech presentation
o Transverse lie and shoulder presentation
o Face presentation
o Brow presentation
Cord prolapse
MODULE – 09
NORMAL LABOR
Learning Outcome:
By the end of this module students will be able to understand and demonstrate
appropriate knowledge, skills and attitudes in relation to labour
Normal Labor
o Physiology
o Mechanism
o Diagnosis
o Management of labor
49
MODULE – 10
ABNORMAL LABOR
Learning Outcome:
By the end of this module students will be able to understand and demonstrate
appropriate knowledge, skills and attitudes in relation to abnormal labor:
Awareness of complications and management
Instrumental vaginal delivery
o Forceps delivery
o Ventouse delivery
Episiotomy
Perineal trauma
Cesarean section
Prolonged labour
o Causes
o Management
Obstructed labour / ruptured uterus
o Causes
o Management
Complications of 3rd stage of labour
PPH (Primary & Secondary)
o Causes
o Management
Uterine inversion
Obstetrics shock and unconscious patient
MODULE – 11
PUERPERIUM
Learning Outcome:
By the end of this module students will be able to demonstrate an understanding
of a normal and abnormal postpartum period
Normal Puerperium
o Physiological changes
Abnormal Puerperium
o Puerperal disorders
o Puerperal pyrexia
50
MODULE – 12
NEW BORN CARE
Learning Outcome:
By the end of this module students will be able to demonstrate an understanding
of essential newborn care and common neonatal problems and their
management:
Essential newborn care
Observe the immediate assessment, apgar score and resuscitation of newborn
care
Breast feeding and its importance
Neonatal problems
MODULE – 13
ETHICS IN OBSTETRICS PRACTICE
Learning Outcome:
By the end of this module students will be able to understand and demonstrate
adequate knowledge, skills and attitudes in relation to ethics and legal issues in
Obstetrics:
Ethics and Legal issues in obstetrics
GYNAECOLOGY
MODULE – 14
BASIC CLINICAL SKILLS
Learning Outcome:
By the end of this module students will be able to understand and demonstrate
adequate knowledge, skills and attitudes in relation to history taking,
examination, investigation and common gynecological problems in the
community:
Introduction, gynecological history taking
Clinical examination by video
Anatomy of female genital tract
Development of female genital tract
Puberty and adolescence
Ovulation and its legal importance
Physiology of menstrual cycle
Menstrual disorders
Abnormal menstruation
Amenorrhea
o Primary amenorrhea
o Secondary amenorrhea
Polycystic ovarian disease
Hirsutism / virilism
51
MODULE – 15
SUB FERTILITY AND EARLY PREGNANCY LOSS
Learning Outcome:
By the end of this module students will be able to demonstrates a basic
understanding of the common causes, investigations and management of sub-
fertility and early pregnancy loss:
Sub-fertility
Early pregnancy loss
Abortion
Ectopic pregnancy
Gestational trophoblastic disease
Endometriosis and Adenomyosis
MODULE – 16
SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
Learning Outcome:
By the end of this module students will be able to understand and demonstrate
adequate knowledge, skills and attitudes in relation to fertility control
(Contraception and termination of pregnancy), the diagnosis and management of
sexually transmitted infections (including HIV), Sexual dysfunction, menopause and
HRT.
Introducing the sexual history taking
Contraception and sterilization
Infections of female genital tract
Management of lower abdominal pain
Acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
Chronic PID
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV/AIDS
o Screening
o Management
o Prevention of STIs
Iatrogenic infections of female reproductive tract
Reproductive tract infection in male
Awareness of psycho sexual problems
Vaginal discharge
Menopause
MODULE – 17
UROGYNAECOLOGY AND PELVIC FLOOR PROBLEMS
Learning Outcome:
By the end of this module students will be able to understand and demonstrate
adequate knowledge, skills and attitudes in relation to incontinence and prolapse:
Utero vaginal prolapse
Urinary incontinence
o Stress incontinence
o Urge incontinence
52
Urinary frequency
Urinary tract infections
Urinary fistulae
MODULE – 18
GYNECOLOGICAL ONCOLOGY
Learning Outcome:
By the end of this module students will be able to understand and demonstrate
adequate knowledge, skills and attitudes in relation to Gynaecology Oncology:
Conditions affecting vulva and vagina
o Benign conditions of vulva
o VIN and invasive vulval carcinoma
o Benign conditions of vagina
o VIAN and vaginal carcinoma
Condition affecting cervix, uterus, ovarian and fallopian tubes
o Benign conditions of cervix
o CIN and invasive carcinoma of cervix
o Benign conditions of uterus
o Malignant disease of uterus
o Benign tumor of ovaries
o Cancer of ovaries
o Cancer of fallopian tubes
Chemotherapy for gynecological cancers and GTDs and radiotherapy
MODULE – 19
COMMON GYNECOLOGICAL OPERATIONS
Learning Outcome:
By the end of this module students will be able to understand and demonstrate
adequate knowledge, skills and attitudes in relation to common gynecological
procedures, pre operative and post operative management:
Common gynecological procedures
o Hysteroscopy
o Laparoscopy
o Cystoscopy
o Dilatation and curettage
o Abdominal and vaginal hysterectomy
o Myomectomy
Pre operative preparations
Post operative complications and its management
MODULE – 20
ETHICS AND MEDICO LEGAL ASPECTS OF GYNECOLOGY
Learning Outcome:
By the end of this module students will be able to understand and demonstrate
adequate knowledge, skills and attitudes in relation to ethics and legal issues in
Gynaecology:
Litigation and consents
Ethics and reproductive health
53
CLINICAL WORK
Day 1 Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Case Presentation/ Nil
2 Discussion Lec PBL
Mon Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Group – A (OT)
Day Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Group – B & C Nil
3 Discussion Lec (Ward)
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Group – A (OPD) Evening
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Group – B (L-R) Posting
4 Discussion Lec Group – C (Ward) A+B
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Group – A (OT)
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Group – B & C Nil
CLINICAL WORK
Day –
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Group – B (L-R) Posting
2 A+B
2 Discussion Lec Group – C (Ward)
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Research Work /
Tues
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Case Presentation/ Nil
Day
3 Discussion Lec PBL
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Group – A (OT)
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Group – B & C Nil
4 Discussion Lec (Ward)
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Research Work /
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Case Presentation/ Nil
Day –
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Group – B & C Nil
3
2 Discussion Lec (Ward)
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Group – A (OPD) Evening
Wed
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Group – B (L-R) Posting
Day
3 Discussion Lec Group – C (Ward) A+B+C
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Research Work /
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Case Presentation/ Nil
4 Discussion Lec PBL
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Group – B (OPD) Evening
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Group – C (L-R) Posting
REFLECTION & FEED BACK
Day –
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Case Presentation/ Nil
4
2 Discussion Lec PBL
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Group – B (OT)
Thurs
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Group – A &C Nil
Day
3 Discussion Lec (Ward)
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Group – B (OPD) Evening
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Group – C (L-R) Posting
4 Discussion Lec Group – A (Ward) B+C
55
CLINICAL WORK
Day –
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Group – C (L-R) Posting
5 B+C
2 Discussion Lec Group – A (Ward)
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Research Work /
Fri
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Case Presentation/ Nil
Day
3 Discussion Lec PBL
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Group – B (OT)
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Group – A &C Nil
4 Discussion Lec (Ward)
CLINICAL WORK
Day –
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Case Presentation/ Nil
6
2 Discussion Lec PBL
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Group – C (OT)
Mon
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Group – A & B Nil
Day
3 Discussion Lec (Ward)
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Group – C (OPD) Evening
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Group – A (L-R) Posting
4 Discussion Lec Group – B (Ward) A+C
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Group – A (OT)
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Group – B & C Nil
Day –
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Group – A (L-R) Posting
7 A+C
2 Discussion Lec Group – B (Ward)
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Research Work /
Tues
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Case Presentation/ Nil
Day
3 Discussion Lec PBL
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Group – A (OT)
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Group – B & C Nil
4 Discussion Lec (Ward)
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Research Work /
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Case Presentation/ Nil
REFLECTION & FEED BACK
CLINICAL WORK
Day –
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Case Presentation/ Nil
9
2 Discussion Lec PBL
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Group – A (OT)
Thurs
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Group – B & C Nil
Day
3 Discussion Lec (Ward)
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Group – A (OPD)
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Group – B (L-R) Nil
4 Discussion Lec Group – C (Ward)
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Nil
CLINICAL WORK
Day –
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Nil
10
2 Discussion Lec Assessment / Ward
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching Test
Fri
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Nil
Day
3 Discussion Lec
Gyn Introduction of Bed Side Teaching
Unit– Topic & Brief & Clinical Skills / Nil
4 Discussion Lec
57
FINAL PROFESSIONAL
MBBS 2020-21
DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF
CARDIOTHORACIC
PAEDS SURGERY SURGERY
TEACHING FACULTY
S No. NAME
S No. TOPICS
01 Management of Blunt and Penetrating Chest Trauma
FINAL PROFESSIONAL
MBBS 2020-21
DEPARTMENT OF
MEDICINE
ACADEMIC SESSION 2024-25
61
DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE
S# TEACHING FACULTY
PROFESSORS
ASSISTANT PROFESSORS
SENIOR REGISTRARS
Final year Syllabus for the Subject of Internal Medicine & Two Allied Subjects
Integrated modular curriculum
Integrated modular curriculum for the subject of Internal Medicine and two Allied Subjects
to be covered in final year MBBS in Internal Medicine and allied i-e Pulmonology and
Gastroenterology.
The syllabus of Internal Medicine Module in LUMHS will be taught in four units of
department in a structured manner. Implementation of Allied I.e. Pulmonology and
Gastroenterology will be executed by respective subspecialty departments in consultation with
chairman of Internal Medicine department. While constituent and affiliated colleges will
implement as per their feasibility and structure.
Integrated curriculum allows students to relate principles of anatomy, physiology,
pathology, and pharmacology to clinical scenarios. This comprehensive framework not only
enhances understanding, but also improves clinical reasoning, decision-making, and problem-
solving skills. By incorporating active learning methods, such as case- based discussions,
simulation exercises, and interdisciplinary teamwork, students are equipped to address
comprehensive patient care.
Curriculum also emphasizes professionalism, ethical consideration, and effective
communication, preparing students to provide empathetic, patient-centered care. It also
promotes self-directed learning, required for thriving in a rapidly changing medical education.
Thus, the integrated approach ensures that future doctors are competent, confident, and
prepared to meet the challenges of healthcare delivery.
Rationale
Integrated curriculum in internal medicine and allied for undergraduates (Final year MBBS) is
essential as this is the critical phase in preparing students for their roles as competent medical
professional. By integrating anatomy, physiology, pathology, and radiology with clinical practice,
students gain ability to correlate theoretical knowledge with real-life patient management. This
approach enhances their diagnostic decision-making skills while preparing them to address
complex clinical scenarios in a multidisciplinary healthcare setting. Additionally, integrating
procedural skills and evidence-based medicine ensures that students are equipped for the need
of medical practice, to deliver care in the community as a seven-star doctor defined by Pakistan
Medical & Dental Council (PMDC)
Curriculum also emphasizes professionalism, ethical decision-making, and effective
communication, which are critical components of patient-centered care. Teamwork and
interdisciplinary collaboration exposure prepares students for real-world challenges, promoting
holistic care. Curriculum not only enhances clinical competence but also instills lifelong learning
habits. Ultimately, an integrated surgical curriculum ensures that graduating students are ready
to transition into their roles as capable healthcare professionals.
RULES AND REGULATIONS
1. Daily timings for medicine posting is 8.15 to 3.00 pm
2. 75% of class attendance is mandatory to appear in end of rotation test.
3. After 9.00 a.m. Students are considered to be late and three late coming will be count
as one absent.
4. Attendance of all the sessions will be mandatory for attendance of the day.
5. Bed allotment of students will be done and all students are supposed to follow their
patients accordingly.
6. Formative assessment in form of end modular test/ TBL and WBA (Mini-Cex) will be
taken multiple times throughout the rotation while summative assessment will be
arranged for last 2-3 days of rotation (clinical examination & SBQs).
63
PROCEDURES
By the end of the course student should acquire skills in common pediatric procedures
according to the following level of competency
LIST OF PROCEDURES:
LEVEL: 1 Able to perform under the direct supervision:
1a; on a mannequin 1b; on simulator
LEVEL: 2 Able to perform under indirect supervision
PROCEDURE LEVEL
Lumber puncture 1
Blood sampling Carry out arterial blood gas and acid base sampling from 2
the radial artery in adults
Set up an infusion 2
66
MEDICAL
WEEK TOPIC 1 TOPIC 2 TOPIC 3 TOPIC 4
UNIT
Approach to patient Approach
Approach to Approach to
with Lymphadenopathy to patient
1st Week patient with patient with
and with
Anemia pancytopenia
Hepatosplenomegaly lymphoma
Approach to Approach Approach to
MEDICAL Approach to Patient
Patients with to patient patient with
UNIT-01 2nd Week with Headache:
heart failure with stroke Paraplegia
Approach to Approach to Patients
patient with with hypertension
3rd week
chronic liver and hypertensive
disease crisis
Approach to Approach to patient
Approach to
patient with with SLE/ systemic
Approach vasculitis
arthritis (mono, sclerosis/
to patient Poly arthritis
poly arthritis, MCTD/ dermato-
1st Week with nodosa/
backache- polymyositis (history
Rheumatoid Wegner’s
sero neg. and clinical
Arthritis granulomatosi
arthritis\ examination diagnosis
s
gout) and management)
Approach to Approach to
poisoning Bacterial
MEDICAL Organophosph endocarditis
UNIT-II orus Approach to pathophysiology
Approach to patient with
Poisoning/ osteoporosis/ , history and
2ND corrosive poisoning
Paracetamol osteomalacia clinical
WEEK
Poisoning/ examination,
Salicylates diagnosis and
Poisoning management
Approach to
patient with
acute febrile
Approach to patient
Approach to illness (short Approach to
with HIV and its
patient with and long patient with
1st week diagnosis,
Dengue & Chicken duration)/ Bleeding
complications and
Guinea approach to Disorders
management
patients with
fever and
unconsciousness
MEDICAL Approach to
UNIT- III patient with Approach to Approach
Electrolyte patient with Renal to patient
Approach to
Imbalance (Hypo Failure and with
patient with
2nd week and Differentiation sexually
anasarca
Hypernatremia between AKI and transmitted
and Hypo and CKD diseases
Hyperkalemia
A Approach to
Approach to patient
patient with liver
3rd week with pyrexia of
abscess/Hydatid
unknown origin
cyst
Approach to patient
Approach to patient
with Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus Approach to
mellitus its
and its complications Approach to patient with
diagnosis,
1st week (acute) patient with hypo and
investigations and
DKA/ HONK/ Diabetes foot hyper
its management
hypoglycemia) and thyroidism
(including oral and
chronic)
insulin)
Approach to Approach
MEDICAL
Approach to patient with to patient
UNIT-IV Approach to elderly
patient with Heat obesity and with hypo
2nd week patient
Stroke metabolic and hyper
syndrome cortisolism
Approach to Approach to
3rd week
Hypogonadism hypoglycemia
68
ASSESSMENT:
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
MEDICINE
Davidson’s Principles and practice of Medicine
Kumar & Clark Clinical Medicine
Macleod’s Clinical Examination
Hutchisons Clinical Methods an Integrated Approach to Clinical Practice 25th Ed
70
FINAL PROFESSIONAL
MBBS 2020-21
DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF
PULMONOLOGY GASTROENTEROLOGY
ALLIED MODULES
DEPARTMENT OF PULMONOLOGY (CHEST MEDICNE)
S. No Teaching Faculty
01 Dr Mobin Ahmed Memon INCHARGE
02 Dr Abdul Hafeez Thebo
03 Dr Ghulam Maqtada
Topics for Interactive Tutorial & Small Group Leaning
Day DAY 1 DAY 2 DAY 3 DAY 4 DAY 5
Approach Approach to patient Approach to Approach to Approach to
patient with with chronic dyspnea patient with patient with patient with
Acute Dyspnea and chronic chough pneumonia & Pleural effusion Pulmonary
Topic for
(Bronchial (Chronic Obstructive Lung Abscess & Tuberculosis
Tutorial-
Asthma, Pulmonary Disease- Pneumothorax
Approach
Pulmonary COPD with
to patient
Edema and complications,
Pulmonary Interstitial Lung
embolism) Disease-ILD)
Chest-X-ray Approach to Approach to Pulmonary Ward-
Small Interpretation of patient with patient with Hypertension/ Leaving
Group normal/ Bronchiectasis & lung tumor Respiratory Test
Discussion Ab normal Cystic fibrosis/ Failure/ARDS
Chest-X-ray Spirometry
DEPARTMENT OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
S. No Teaching Faculty
01 Dr Muhammad Akram Bajwa (Chairman)
02 Dr Nand lal Seerani
03 Dr Riaz Awan
Topics for Interactive Tutorial & Small Group Leaning
Day DAY 1 DAY 2 DAY 3 DAY 4 DAY 5
Approach to patient Approach to Approach Approach to Approach to
Topic for
with Dysphagia and patient with to patient patient with patient with
Tutorial-
Dyspepsia- GERD Upper GI Bleed with Lower Jaundice Acute and
Approach
APD (including H. Hematemesis GI Bleed Including Viral Chronic Liver
to patient
pylori) Malena Hepatitis Disease
Common Lab tests to Malabsorption Acute & Approach to Ward-
diagnose GIT & syndromes; Chronic patient with Leaving Test
Small
Hepatobiliary Diseases/ Celiac diseases, pancreatitis Acute &
Group
Interpretation of Abdominal TB, Chronic
Discussion
Liver Function Tests Intestinal Diarrhea
Lymphoma
72
FINAL PROFESSIONAL
MBBS 2020-21
DEPARTMENT OF
PAEDIATRICS
ACADEMIC SESSION 2024-25
73
o Metabolic workup
o Screening test
o Radiological investigation
5. Develop a management plan for each problem on the problem list, justify it,
interpret data, and learn to identify and manage critical and acute pediatric illnesses.
While presenting a management plan
o Evidence-based recommendations should be considered.
o Basic and clinical science concepts should be applied.
6. Demonstrate proficiency in specific procedural skills.
7. Demonstrate practical communication skills with the patient’s family.
Establish rapport with children
Counseling of patients regarding common pediatric presentation
Communicate the result of pediatric history and physical examination in a
well-organized written and oral report.
8. Demonstrate collaboration with other team members as a part of a
multidisciplinary team in caring for children. Work as a team in solving clinical
problems as in Case Based Learning (CBLs) during the pediatric rotation.
9. Able to demonstrate professionalism. Professional behavior in the form of:
Punctuality
Expresses awareness of emotional, personal, family, and
cultural influences on patient well being
Respectable and professional dressing, including wearing a white coat.
Demonstration of respect and courtesy towards patients and classmates.
10. Ensure patient safety: The student should be aware of and practice the
principles of patient safety, which include.
Understanding and learning from errors
Engaging with patients and caregivers
Being an effective team player
Practicing infection control
Improving medication safety
●Role-play/role modeling
●Outpatient-based teaching
●Interactive lectures
●Working as a team with postgraduates and senior colleagues (house officers)
during their evening postings, students also visit Emergency pediatric patients
under the supervision of pediatric residents and then follow the patients from
admission till discharge.
PAEDIATRICS 5th YEAR CLINICAL TEACHING SCHEDULE
TIME ACTIVITY
08:30 to 09:30 am Introduction of the task by lead facilitator And brief
description / demonstration on the topic
09:30 to 10:30 am History Taking/bed side teaching
11:00 to 12.00 pm Case based learning/Interactive lecture
12:00 to 01:30 pm Practical task and clinical examination demonstration by
lead facilitators /OPD/clinical skills
1:45 to 3.00 pm Summarization of the task, feedback and assignment for
next day
Case base learning: Students present the history and examination of a patient the
then differential diagnosis, investigations and management is discussed in detail
Bedside teaching: History taking, clinical examination, and counseling skills are
taught and practiced at the bedside or at OPD as task of the day
Flipped Classroom: Students prepare for the class by going through provided study
material in the form of power point presentations, articles, videos, case history or topic
then they come to the classroom for to solve cases, quizzes, practice problems and
engage in team work.
Seminar: Students present PowerPoint presentations in small groups of 3-4 students
on assigned topics.
EPI/OPD: Students go to OPD and EPI Center in small groups to learn Vaccination and
practice clinical skills, mainly focusing on IMNCI.
Clinical skills: Students master their examination, procedural, and counseling skills.
Interactive lectures: Small group discussions on specific topics, scenarios, or clinical
cases to enhance the active participation of students.
Assignments / Self Studies: Students participate in unsupervised group discussions
where they discuss and research their assigned topics and also take follow-up notes
of pediatric ward patients.
CPC organized by Paediatrics Department:
1. Components of EPI program its success and failure.
2. EENC and KMC when and where.
3. CMAMprogramitsroleinpreventionofmalnutritioninchildrenunder5.
4. Updates in asthma management in children.
Research projects:
1. Toidentifytheriskfactorsforfailureofimmunizationinchildrenunderone year.
2. To evaluate the risk factor formal nutrition in children.
3. Reasonsforlackofexclusivebreastfeedingininfantsunder6months.
4. Association of pneumonia with malnutrition.
77
APPENDICES
APPENDIX(A)
Content: We have divide the course contents into 9 modules
78
Text Book
Clinical Methods:
Macleod's Clinical Examination Hutchison's
Clinical Methods
80
WEEK 2
Day 08.30-09.30 am09:30–11:00am 11.30–01:00 pm 01:00-2:00pm 02:00-03:00pm
Summarization of
Demonstration
Brief today’s task
on neonatal
introduction to SGD and CBD on Check for Next day task Neonatal
examination
06 sick young sick young infant HIV, IMNCI jaundice Difference in
Practice on
infants and NNS approach physiological and
filling of CRF
Neonatal sepsis pathological jaundice
0-2 months
CBD
Demonstration
Difference in Practice on Summarization of
on Neonatal
physiological filling of CRF today’s task
Birth Asphyxia, resuscitation
07 and 0-2 months Next day task
Neonatal Seizures And practice
pathological Followed by Approach to small baby
in small
jaundice CBD feed back & KMC
groups
Practical session
Practice on Feeding history
on feeding
Practical filling of CRF and breast
assessment and Summarization of
approach to (0- 2month ) feeding
08 feeding today’s task Revision of
prematurity its Whole case assessment
counseling with module
complication approach at Feeding
role plays by lead
and prevention OPD counseling
facilitator
Nutrition in first1000
days
2nd Formative assessment on case recording form 0 - 2 months
09 Growth velocity charts
IMNCI, and TBL (Neonatology)
Nutritional statistics/
indicators
Practical
Nutrition in first
demonstration
1000 days
Practice on on patient by Practice on Summarization of
Growth velocity
history taking lead facilitator IMNCI CRF today’s task
10 charts
in small groups On Check for Introduction to CMAM
Nutritional
Nutritional anthropometry malnutrition with four components
statistics/
history Height, weight,
indicators
MUAC
82
WEEK 3
Day 08.30-09.30 am 09:30–11:00 am 11.30–01:00 pm 01:00-02:00 pm 02:00-03:00 pm
Practical Practice on GPE in
demonstration small groups
Summarization
Practice on by lead under supervision
of today’s
Introduction Screening by facilitator GPE of co facilitators
11 task10 step
CMAM MUAC and on patient SAM Practice on
management of
Anthropometry child filling of CCP
SAM
(Macro & form and daily
micronutrients) care form
Indoor visit of
NSC Short case
evaluation in Summarization of
10 step
NSC essential today’s task
management Case based
Outdoor visit of task to be BFHI / IYCF key
of SAM discussion on
12 OTP assesses on each messages
Demonstration SAM with
OPT protocol student Responsive
on filling of complication
nutritional feeding and its
CCP form
assessment and importance
GPE on SAM
child ( Mini CEX)
BFHI/IYCF key Approach to a
messages Practical session 2ndformativeassessment child with CNS
13. Responsive on Nutritional SBQ , TBL and short assay on nutrition infections,
feeding and its counseling with module febrile
importance role plays convulsions
Introduction
to CNS Practice on IMNCI
Practice on Practical Summarization
infections CRF Check for
history taking in demonstration of today’s work
Approach to a Neck stiffness
small groups for on patient by Next day task
14. child with General danger
CNS infections, lead facilitator for tutorial on
CNS signs
Febrile CNS childhood
infections, And motor system
convulsions examination epilepsy
febrile examination
convulsions
83
Practice on
Introduction to Summarization
history taking Practice on CNS
epilepsy, of today’s task.
and CNS
Approach to a Presentation on examination in
examination Next day
15. child with AFP by lead small groups
Able to session tutorial
unprovoked facilitator CBD under supervision
differentiate on cerebral
convulsions with of co facilitators
b/w UMNL/ Palsy
case scenarios
LMNL
WEEK 4
Day 08.30-09.30 am 09:30–11:00 am 11.30–01:00 pm 01:00-02:00 pm 02:00-03:00 pm
Visit to
Rehabilitation
History taking
center with Summarization of
Introduction to and examination Approach to a
Demonstration today’s task
Cerebral Palsy, of a child with child with
of clinical signs Next day
16. etiology, cerebral palsy Behavioral
on Patient by session tutorial
presentation and and disorders (ADHD
lead Facilitator, on
Management developmental and ASD)
And ADHS & ASD
assessment
Developmental
Assessment
Short case
Case based Examination
Discussion and motor system
SBQ, TBL and short essay on Neuropsychiatric
17. video Developmental
Module
demonstration on assessment
ASD SOMI/gait
assessment
Practice on Practical Practice on
Acute watery history taking in demonstration on filling of CRF of
Summarization
diarrhea and small groups patient by lead IMNCI 02 of today’s task
dysentery Hydration Status facilitator On month to 05
18. Next day session
classification of and its hydration Status years age and
chronic diarrhea
dehydration and management and Shock and counseling to tutorial (CBD)
it’s management according to Plan C patients with
IMNCI Management diarrhea
84
Approach to child
Interactive Fever IMNCI
CBL (vaccines and with fever and body
lecture on Malaria Check
05 Immunization side effects) rashes
Immunization for
Schedule Measles/Chicken
(EPI Centre) Immunization pox/Dengue/Rubella
86
WEEK 2 (Unit-II)
Data
Interactive Practice on Summarization
interpretation
lecture on patient by history and assignment
Case
Approach to taking and CBC
presentation On Blood
child with focused interpretation,
by students Transfusion in
Anemia examination (GPE Hb
and children:
(Nutritional & Electrophoresis
10 Pallor discussion Indications
Anemia & Hepatosplenom
PBL in small &complications
Thalassemia) egaly)
groups
87
WEEK3 (Unit-II)
08:30 am to 09:30 am to 11:30 am- 12:30 pm to 02:00 pm-
Day Theme 9:30 am 11:00 am 1230 pm 02:00 pm 02:30 pm
Interactive lecture
on Approach to Practice on
Hands on Summarization
child with Bleeding patients: CBL, data
Bleeding demonstration and assignment
disorders in history interpretation
disorder in on transfusion On common
children. taking and and discussion
children procedure and hematological
Hemophilia, ITP, rashes on Q&A
discussion malignancies
11 Von willebrand body.
disease
Group
discussion on
pediatric Approach to
malignancies child with Summarization
Case based Fever, pallor of whole
Assessment of whole module (Mini-CEX(short
discussion on and module and
cases, Long case SBQs.
12 Fever, Pallor Lymphadenop feedback
and athy
lymphadeno
pathy
Interactive CBD on
lecture on patient with
History taking and Practical Summarization
Common respiratory
examination on and
Cough & Respiratory emergencies: demonstratio
patients with n on patients assignment
Difficult conditions Anaphylaxis,
Bronchiolitis, with use of Oxygen
Breathing Upper Foreign Body
Asthma or cystic nebulizer therapy in
13 and Lower Air Inhalation,
fibrosis &Inhaler Children
way Epiglottitis and
Obstruction Croup
Practice on
Live session Patient by
Interactive session Summarization
on oxygen Interactive history
on X-ray chest and
Difficult therapy in discussion on taking and
interpretation& assignment on
breathing children case Approach to precordial
correlation with Rheumatic
14 based child with CCF examination
clinical findings fever and RHD
Discussion in small
groups
Summarizatio
Case based n of module
Approach to discussion on and feedback
Short case
Recurrent Assignment
child with diagnosis and & OSCE
Difficult on common
congenital management of assessment and
Breathing poisons in
Heart disease cyanotic and module test children and
15
Acyanotic Heart management.
disease (SDL)
88
WEEK 4 (Unit-II)
09:30-11:00 11:30am-
Day 08:30-9:30am 12:30-02:00pm 02:00-02:30pm
am 12.30 pm
Interpretation Practical
Practice on
Approach to child of Labs/CBD demonstration on
Patients for Summarization &
with Proteinuria & On AGN, catheterization, fluid Assignment on
16 history taking
hematuria Nephrotic balance and
& examination Urinary Tract
interactive lecture syndrome management
Case base
Discussion on
Approach to Practice on Practice on labs
pyelonephritis
child with Patient for and management Summarization
Cystitis
Renal failure history taking Case based & Assignment
Practical
Acute and and discussion in on Obesity
17 demonstration
chronic examination small group
on collection of
urine culture
Practical
Practice on demonstration Approach to child
Approach to patient for on with Summarization
short stature history taking anthropometry hypothyroidism Hyperthyroidism
Interactive and and plot on interactive session in children
18 session examination centiles and with discussion
labs in OPD
Demonstration
Practice on Insulin types and
Interactive Summarization &
Case based patient techniques.
lecture on Assignment on
Discussion on history taking Discussion on
Diabetes Obesity in
Hyperthyroidism and complications and
19 Mellitus in children
in Children examination counseling of
children
in OPD Nutrition
Case based
Summarization
discussion on Assessment SBQs OSCE and Modular test
& Feed back
20 Obesity
In the every rotation student will conduct the CPC and present research project.
Participation in research projects and CPCs is mandatory.
89
FINAL PROFESSIONAL
MBBS 2020-21
DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF
NUCLEAR MEDICINE FAMILY MEDICINE
AND ONCOLOGY (NIMRA)
S. No Teaching Faculty
S. No Topics
* * * THE END * * *