Wellbeing

Finding The Ways to Stay

Healthy
People cannot stay well all the 365 days of the year. One will fall ill at
some point of the year. Some of these r very normal among the ppl and
their cure is also found easily. But some of these may be the cause of
death of which there r no direct cure. So, taking some steps to cure
these and prevent these is very important.

Diseases from Seasonal Changes

(Precautions)
One can fall ill because of many reasons. This includes diseases caused
of seasonal or change. This can also mean climate change (Altogether,
Environmental change). They r expected to attack on the prescribed
season. So, some steps must be followed.

1. Diseases should be classified according to seasons.

2. They should be classified by their types.
3. Inquiry should be done about the diseases.
4. The symptoms should be noted down and shared to others so that
everyone is aware about the disease.
5. Info about how the diseases should be tackled from the
experienced ppl.
6. The info collected from different ppl should be judged according to
the symptoms of each of the disease.
 7. The correct remedies should be noted down.
8. The remedies should be distributed or shared so that everyone
has an idea about how to tackle these diseases.

Info for Some Common Diseases

Common Viral Fever
 Cause: Due to outbreaks of viral diseases during winters or seasonal
changes when the temperature rises.
 Symptoms:
 Temperature of the body rises.
 Weakness may be felt.
 Nausea.
 Body aches, headaches.
 Vomiting occurs.
 Remedy:
 The disease usually gets cured automatically in 5-7 days.
 If not, then the doctor should be consulted.
 A lot of liquid foods and water should eaten and drank
respectively.
 Precaution:
 Staying away from the infected.
 Coughing and sneezing with the mouth covered.
 Staying clean.
 Staying away from crowded areas.

Cough and Shortness of Breath

 Cause:
 When:
 During winter or when the temperature drops.
 When the amount of dust is more in the environment.
 Why:
 Many ppl r affected with cold and shortness of breath. They
may be suffering with a viral disease.
 Due to allergy.
 Symptoms:
 Sore throat.
 Mild fever.
 Cold
 Cough
 Difficulty in breathing.
 Remedies:
 It can heal automatically within a few days.
 Drinking hot water can give relief.
 If the symptoms r at an extreme level or the disease has not
cured even after a long time, then medicine should be taken with
doctor’s consultation.
 Precautions:
 Drinking a lot of water.
 Keeping one-self warm.
 Staying away from dust and sand.

Diarrhoea
 Cause:
It is a water-borne disease. It increases during summer. This
disease’s main cause is drinking unsafe water and staying
unhygienic.
 Symptoms:
 Loose Motion.
 Vomiting.
 Abdominal Pain
 Fever
 Remedies:
One should consume a lot of oral saline to tackle this disease.
Usually, one packet of oral saline should be mixed with half a litre of
water and should be consumed after every time we use the
washroom.
 Precautions:
 Staying in a hygienic environment.
 Drinking and eating hygienic foods and drinks (respectively).
  Maintaining hygiene.

Typhoid
 Cause:
It is also a waterborne disease like diarrhoea. The causes r the
same.
 Symptoms:
 Fever for many days.
 Headache, stomach-ache.
 Loss of appetite
 Fatigue may occur
 Remedies:
If the fever lasts for a long time, then typhoid test should be done. If
the test is positive, then it should be treated as per the doctor’s
advice.
 Precautions:
The same precautions should be maintained in the case of typhoid.

Heart-Stroke
 Cause:
There may be many reasons for heart-stroke. But, a well person can
suffer with heart-stroke if s/he stays in the sunlight for too long.
This cause the body temperature of the person to increase. So,
heart-stroke occurs mostly in summers.
 Symptoms:
 Body temp. up to 40oC or above (Before Heart-Stroke)
 Restlessness (After)
 Unclear Speech (After)
 Loss of recognition (After)
 Fainting (After)
 Headache (Both)
 Nausea (Both)
 Fast Breathing. (Before)
 Heart-rate increased. (After)
 Remedies:
Heart-stroke can become the cause for loss of life. It can also
damage some organs like the brain, kidney and others.
The person should be taken to a cool and shady place ASAP. The
person’s clothes should be made loose and excess clothes like
sweaters and warming clothes should be removed. The legs can be
kept a little raised. A person needs to sponge the patient with cold
water and fanning. A towel or any cloth needs to be soaked in water
and placed under the neck, under the armpits and in the groin. A
blanket or any cloth can be soaked in water to cover the patient. A
little cold water can be given to the patient to drink. After the first
aid, the patient needs to be taken to the closest hospital ASAP.
 Precautions:
 Not working in the sunlight for too long.
 Using an umbrella if needed.
 Drinking a lot of safe water to keep the body cool.
 Taking rest every once in a while whilst working in the sunlight.

Dengue, Malaria and Chikungunya

 Cause:
All of them r mosquito-borne diseases. They r widespread during
rainy seasons.
 Symptoms:
 Fever.
 Body pain and headache.
 Vomiting
 Remedies:
The doctor should be informed ASAP and treatment should be done
accordingly. These diseases r very dangerous that it can take the life
of a person within a day.
 Precautions:
 Caution should be taken so that rainwater does not stay stuck in
one place for more than three days.
 Mosquito net should be used while sleeping.
 The body can be covered fully to avoid mosquito bites for the
children.

Adolescent Pleasure Trip

Adolescence Experiences
Going through adolescence, we face many changes. Like, our feelings
change, our taste changes and we do some work that we thought that
we will never do. But there r also some challenges like when we were
kids, we used to play a lot but someone may be hindered from playing
in adolescence. So, we might face positive experiences and also some
challenges in adolescence.

Risks & Challenges in Adolescence

There r some risks and challenges in adolescence. Like, we might get
caught into a bad habit like smoking.

Physical Challenges
 Challenges r faced during puberty as the changes in body don’t go
as expected and ppl fall into depression.
 Some suddenly a lot of weight or height. Some of them r made fun
of.
 Some of the child’s changes r delayed. So, they feel themselves
different from others.
 In some families, children have to grow up in an unfriendly
environment. They are scolded and beaten by their parents and
elder sibilings
 Some children r hitted or slapped very often to teach a lesson.
 Some r bullied by the senior students and also hit the junior
students.
 Some r harassed by forcing to do adult acts with people for
money.
  Some children r forced to do labour and other harmful jobs to
increase family income.

Mental Challenges
 Children’s emotions and feelings r changed due to the changes
and environmental situation
 Children experience fear, confusion and uncertainty due to lack of
information.
 Children face problems in sudden increase of studies and
pressure from others for good results.
 Children think that he can do anything by himself now. So s/he
drives his own way and also develops some bad habits. This
creates bad relationships between family members.
 Some of the children self-beat or self-harm themselves and also
attempt suicide methods.
 Some children r blackmailed by pictures and videos to do a work
for them.
 Some children r cyber bullied by mean people on the internet.
 Sometimes due to peer pressure, children r forced to do some
harmful acts.

Social Challenges
 Some ppl differentiate between boys and girls. Girls r mostly
affected by this.
 Some ppl judge the children negatively without any reason and it
creates mental challenges in the child.
 Some families think about early marriage. So, the children have to
fight against that.
 Some families do not support their children during puberty and
other challenging periods.
  Judgement of others in the society leads children to harm
themselves by doing something wrong that would stop judging
them.

Misconceptions in Adolescence
Children can have several misconceptions in adolescence. Those r
corrected below.

Frequent shaves help grow beard

Everyone’s hair growth or beard is unique. It has nothing to do with
shaving. It actually causes harm if we start shaving before the beard
has grown

Pain in lower abdomen during menstruation causes

difficulty in conceiving children In the future
Pain in the lower abdomen during menstruation is normal. It doesn’t
cause problems in conceiving children in the future. But additional pain
needs treatment.

Ejaculating too much causes acne to grow

Ejaculation doesn’t cause acne without allergy problems. It is normal
for acne to grow during adolescence. In fact, the skin should be kept
clean otherwise acne will grow more frequently.

Only weak minded people feel stressed

Everyone can feel stressed due to many reasons. We can perform mind
refreshing activities and other stress relieving techniques to be stress
free.

Strategies for Dealing w/ Challenges

 Care and attention to body and mind by knowing the correct
information about adolescent changes.
  Being ready to accept any physical, social or mental changes with
awareness.
 Informing close ones about any problem of oneself and not hiding
any problems.
 One should make himself skilful and informative for one’s and
other’s help.
 In the event of harassment or abuse from the society, one should
not hide anything and take the help of someone reliable or a
service holder.
 Being careful using tech and not sharing any information with
anyone or anywhere in the internet without knowing everything.
 In cases of suicidal thoughts or thought of harming others, one
should take advice from a psychiatrist.

Some of the Significant Social

Misconceptions of Adolescence
 Girl and boy cannot be only friends.
 Girls cannot go out by themselves.
 Girls cannot do job.
 Children should get married in adolescence.

To prevent stop these misconceptions, we should arrange any type of

programme to talk about these misconceptions.

Child Marriage
Child marriage is considered a crime in Bangladesh. Child marriage is
one of the most difficult obstacles in adolescence. Some parents have a
tendency to marry off their child at a young age.

At present, marriage of a boy under 21 years and marriage of a girl

under 18 years is considered a crime according to the ‘Child Marriage
Prevention Act 2017’.
Roles to Stop Child Marriage
Even after the prevention act, child marriage is still in practice in some
societies. To prevent this-

 The police have to be informed about the child marriage in an

area.
 There should be arranged a seminar in the area to talk about the
problems of child marriage and about the children’s future.
 Fliers should be distributed to stop child marriage in the areas.
 One should not stay quiet if s/he sees a child marriage event.

Joys of Adolescence
Just as there r challenges, there r also joys of adolescence. We should
enjoy these moments of adolescence because the adult phase will have
more challenges. So, we should not stay depressed about the
challenges but fight with them and enjoy the happy moments of
adolescence.

Grow up in Mind & Spirit

Manager of Mind & Spirit
Normal Manager
A manager of an organization keeps account or manages everything of
his organisation branch. He always keeps the account of his
organisation’s strengths and weaknesses. Using this info, he tries to
improve the strengths and remove the weaknesses. If he can’t do it
himself, he hires someone skilled to do that work better. A manager
also manages every upcoming meetings or any other programme. That
is, he manages his organisation to keep it running.
Manager of Mind and Spirit
To be a manager of mind and spirit, one should take care of his/her
feelings, activities, thoughts and spirit. One has to take account of
his/her physical, mental and social conditions to manage him/herself.
We also have to take help from experienced persons in managing
oneself. And this is very important for everyone.

Relationship between Thoughts,

Feelings & Behaviour
When one thinks about something, his/her feelings change, Due to
his/her change in feelings, s/he behaves differently.

(Supposing) when two friends went to the forest, a bare came up to

them. Both of them became afraid. One friend climbed up a tree and the
other friend acted to be dead. The bear went away continuing the story.

So, we can see that when the bear came up, both of their thoughts
changed that the bear will kill them. Because of their thoughts their
feelings changed into scared. Because of this feeling, their behaviour
changed.

So, we can see that thoughts, feelings and behaviours have a

connection between them.

Taking care of feelings

Our feelings affect our behaviour. Our thoughts affect our feelings. So, if
we change our thoughts, it will change our feelings and thus our
behaviour.

(From the above Example) When the other friend saw the bear, he
definitely became afraid because of his thoughts.. But, he controlled his
thoughts and made himself calm. Thus, his feelings changed and thus
his behaviour. So, his mind came up with the idea of fooling the bear
into thinking that he is dead because of his behavioural change. Thus,
he saved himself by changing his thoughts.
So, we can control our feelings by controlling our thoughts. Thus, we
can also take care of our feelings in this way.

Benefits of Taking Care of One’s Feelings

 It makes one more concentrated.
 It helps one in decision making.
 It makes one’s character smart and eligible.
 It helps one to develop his skills.
 It helps to stay tension and stress free.

Desires
When one feels some unexpected feelings, there r some desires which
come from the feeling. The main feeling may come from a desire.

Some things we want in ourselves:

 Others would love me.

 I am essential.
 I’m honoured.
 I’m confident.
 I can do good for myself and others
 I’m brave
 I can decide
 I’m eligible.
 I’m acceptable despite making mistakes.
 I love myself.

Because of some of these desired things, our feelings work accordingly.

So, if one meets his desires, his feelings will be in control. One has to
take action to meet these desires.

Effective Expression of Feelings

When one expresses a feeling, he has to make sure that the expression
of that feeling is effective in that situation. Because, other than that, the
expression go wasted because it may make other feel embarrassed of
him/her or, s/he may be criticised and many other problems like these.

So, expressing feelings in appropriate situations is very important.

Empathy
Empathy means own help to others. One should also show empathy to
control his/her feelings. Because, when someone benefits by one, one
feels very useful and one is honoured. So, two of our desires r fulfilled
here.

Empathy for Oneself

Sometimes, one feels uncomfortable to express his/her feelings. They
need someone to express their feelings.

 For fear of criticism;

 For fear of misunderstanding;
 For fear of negative comments from others;
 For fear of other’s opinion.

For these types of problems, one feels uncomfortable to express

feelings. One needs to seek empathy for oneself from a reliable person.

Problems Due to no Empathy

Empathy keeps everything peaceful all around. But if there is no
empathy, everything will not be peaceful.

 Arguments occur;
 Misunderstanding;
 Doing something wrong;
 Taking huge actions by oneself;
 Disrespecting one another;
 Performing sinful acts.
 I Will Be My Architect
Superpowers IRL
Primary Superpowers
The ideal qualities that must be present in everyone r listed below-

 One should talk to everyone with respect despite their age.

 One should not talk and laugh about someone’s personal
incidents.
 One should not underestimate anyone in any work.
 If someone says something that is idiotic with confidence, we
should not tell it to anyone else without any reasons.
 We shouldn’t force someone to listen or see sensitive things if
they don’t one to.

Secondary Superpowers
The superpowers which r some qualities outside the above mentioned
Primary Superpowers r called Secondary Superpowers.

Like, running very fast, good at sports, efficient in work, good in studies
etc.

Having some secondary superpowers r almost as Important as having

primary superpowers. Because, the secondary superpowers can help
one to develop the primary superpowers.

Taking Actions According to Different

Situations in Different Feelings
Everyone has different feelings. But taking actions during these feelings
without planning anything is not always good. That’s y one has many
regrets in their life.
Stress
When we r in pressure of work and other things, we face a mental state
which is called stress. In stress, one cannot bare the pressure and may
take some wrong actions. Taking help from someone reliable is very
required here. Stress can also cause other mental issues.

Fear
In fear, a person can take many actions accidentally. These actions can
cause more harm to the person scared. So, acting calmly in scared
situations is a must to not cause more problems. One should also get
help in these situations.

Anger
Like every other feeling, anger can make us take some unintentional
actions which we don’t want to do. Anger also make us say some things
that we actually don’t want to say. One needs to stay patient in these
situations.

Sedness
Sadness is the root to many other feelings. This also makes someone
take some wrong actions. To think calmly and with logic is a must in
sed situations. One should also get help in these situations.

One can gather more skillz to tackle with these types of situations by
reading books, listening to others and other sources. Not having the
skillz can cause a serious problems because dealing with these
situations will not be possible without these skillz.

Using the Superpowers

Using the superpowers in the above mentioned situations can be very
helpful. If someone is scared easily, then they might develop a
superpower of not being scared. Thus, they can act more attentively.

So, using the superpowers is very important according to situations.

 Expressing Needs
Accurately in
Communication
Importance of Expressing Needs Accurately in
Communication
If one doesn’t express his needs in communication, the communication
will not serve its purpose. That means-

One’s needs and problems r not solved.

Time will be wasted.
Mutual relationships will be harmed.

Controlling one’s Behaviour Easily

When something happens, one’s mind comes up with various thoughts.
Then different feelings r created due to these thoughts. And our
behaviour changes due to these feeling. And our communication also
changes as we can see in the story (Book Pg-116to119).

Following the steps mentioned below, one can conduct better

communication.

1. Observation
Through observing the behaviour, verbal and non-verbal expressions
and facial expressions, one can understand the state of mood and
feeling of a person. Through observing their state, one can
communicate with the person properly.

One should only express what he has observed. Expressing something

more/less than the observed info can cause problems in
communications. One should not make assumptions by just observing
one’s behaviour.

2. Thoughts & Feelings

Through the observation, one’s mind comes up with various thoughts.
So, many feelings come up in our mind. So, the observation should be
done in a way so that our thoughts change and thus, our feelings also
change. Thus, the observation should be done very carefully.

Thoughts should not be expressed in the communication. Because our

thoughts may not be what the other persons wanted to express. One
should only express his feelings without mentioning the thoughts.

3. Needs Related to Thoughts & Feelings

Because of the thoughts and feelings, one’s mind comes up with many
needs. Expressing these needs satisfy the feelings.

There may be different needs on a single feeling. The need depends on

the person, his mood and the condition.

4. Ways to Meet The Needs

To meet the needs, two things r to be made sure-

 Understanding own needs and expressing them positively.

 Understanding other’s needs and treating them accordingly.

When expressing the needs, 4 things has to be kept in mind

 What do we want
 From whom do we want
 When do we want
 Where do we want

But to express needs, one obviously needs the help of the steps above.
Without those, expressing the needs can become difficult.
 Take Care of The
Relationship and Stay
Well
One has some kind of relationship with his classmates and peers.
Sometimes, this relation is strong and sometimes, it’s weak. These
relationships have negative views as well as positive views.

Positive and negative views depend on the activities, habits, behaviour

and performance (in studies and extra-curricular activities) of an
individual.

Positive Views of Relationship w/

Classmates and Peers
 It develops a cooperative and empathetic mentality.
 Both can share their feelings and problems easily.
 Both can give their opinion and accept or reject each other’s
opinion without hesitation. Respect over each other’s opinion is
created.
 Things can be learnt from each other.
 Both can understand each other because of same age.
 Teamwork is improved between each other and the skill of
problem solving is increased.
 Both give support to each other for their work even if it is not
good.
 It also makes both of them mentally strong because of the
support.
Negative Views of Relationship w/
Classmates and Peers
 Problems and distance may result with family, neighbours and
other friends.
 There may be negative impact on mental health. The grades in
other activities can get low because of this.
 If the mental problems r not treated, one can harm themselves
and also others. This may also result in suicidal attempts.
 Some may get caught into consumption of nicotine because of
depression.
 Some may follow the harmful activities of friends to continue
friendship.

Limitations
Everyone has some limitations in works due to mental reasons. But
they also see others doing those works. So, their self-confidence drops.
This results in difficulties in the future.

Limitations also create due to peer pressure. If others don’t know how
to do the work but only one person does but he is stopped because
every other person will be criticised. Limitations r also created because
of bullying.

Strategies to Overcome Limitations

Limitations often come due to negative relationships with others. One
can also ruin good relationships into bad by taking some actions.

One should take actions by using the method in the previous chapter (in
short, OTFNWN). By using this method, one can easily express his
needs and take actions in a way that relationships r not harmed.

Some activities to keep good relationship with peers-

1. To respect others, their feelings, diversities, abilities.

 2. To spend good time with each other.
3. To help each other in need.
4. To solve a problem with teamwork.
5. Speaking and behaving well.
6. Sharing own feelings and stuff.
7. Keeping promises for building trust. Trust is a very important
factor of a relationship. If there is no trust, one will not feel
comfortable to share their needs.
8. Listening to each other’s opinion with attention.
9. Appreciating each other’s good works.
10. Trying to solve any mistake of one another instead of blaming.

Things Which Should be avoided to Eliminate

Limitations
1. Bullying others.
2. Negative influence on oneself.
3. Harassing others.
4. Behaving rough with others.
5. Beating or fighting with others.
6. Mocking others.

How to avoid Negative Influence

1. Questioning own mind to before doing something; if our mind
doesn’t allow it, then we should not do it.
2. Staying with positive ppl and friends; if there is anyone with
negative thinking, he should be made understood of what this type
of behaviour is like.
3. Not to hide problems in fear and expressing It to trusted ppl.
4. Being able to differentiate between positive and negative.
5. To take every decision by thinking about it carefully.
6. To make contact with any service organisations for help. Service
organisations can be the govt., private, NGOs etc. Some helpline
numbers r- 999, 103, 1098. National Trauma Counselling Centre for
mental health services, phone number- 8802 8321825,
01713177175.