CHAPTER 3
1. During the extraction of metals, electrolytic refining is used to obtain pure metals. (a) Which material
will be used as anode and cathode for refining of silver metal by this process? (b) Suggest a suitable
electrolyte also. (c) In this electrolytic cell, where do we get pure silver after passing electric current?
2. A metal A, which is used in thermite process, when heated with oxygen gives an oxide B, which is
amphoteric in nature. Identify A and B. Write down the reactions of oxide B with HCl and NaOH.
3. A non-metal A is an important constituent of our food and forms two oxides B and C. Oxide B is toxic
whereas C causes global warming
(a) Identify A, B and C
(b) To which Group of Periodic Table does A belong?
4.Compare in tabular form the reactivity’s of the following metals with cold and hot water: 4.
(a) Sodium
(b) Calcium
(c) Magnesium
5. An ore on treatment with dilute hydrochloric acid produces brisk effervescence. Name the type of ore
with one example. What steps will be required to obtain metal from the enriched ore? Also write the
chemical equations for the reactions involved in the process.
6. (i) Carbonate of metal X is abundant in earth crust and its hydroxide is used in ‘white washing’. Identify
metal ‘X’
(ii) How will you convert this carbonate into its oxide? Name the process and write its equation.
7. Carbon cannot reduce the oxides of sodium, magnesium and aluminium to their respective metals. Why?
Where are these metals placed in the reactivity series? How are these metals obtained form their ores? Take
an example to explain the process of extraction along with chemical equations.
8. a) Describe an activity to show that metals are good conductors of electricity.
(b) Account for the following :
(i) Hydrogen gas is not evolved when a metal reacts with nitric acid.
(ii) For storing sodium metal, it is kept immersed in kerosene.
(iii) The reaction of iron (III) oxide with aluminium is used to join cracked iron parts of machines.
9. Name first discovered alloy. Give its composition also.
10. List three differentiating features between the processes of galvanisation and alloying.
11. Give reason for the following :
(a) Ionic compounds have higher melting point and higher boiling point.
(b) Sodium is kept immersed in kerosene.
(c) Reaction of calcium with water is less violent.
(d) Silver articles become black after some time when exposed to air.
(e) Prior to reduction the metal sulphides and carbonates must be converted into metal oxides for extracting
metals
12. Suggest a method of reduction for the following metals during their metallurgical processes:
(i) metal ‘A’ which is one of the last, second or third position in the reactivity.
(ii) metal ‘B’ which gives vigorous reaction even with water and air.
(iii) metal ‘C’ which is kept in the middle df activity series.
13. Define an alloy. How are alloys prepared? How do the properties of iron change when:
(i) small quantity of carbon,
(ii) nickel and chromium are mixed with it.
14. The way, metals like sodium, magnesium and iron react with air and water is an indication of their
relative positions in the ‘reactivity series’. Is this statement true ? Justify your answer with examples.
15. Iqbal treated a lustrous, divalent element M with sodium hydroxide. He observed the formation of
bubbles in a reaction mixture. He made the same observations when this element was treated with
hydrochloric acid. Suggest how can he identify the produced gas. Write chemical equations for both the
reactions.
16. A non-metal A which is the largest constituent of air, when heated with H2 in 1:3 ratio in the presence of
a catalyst (Fe) gives a gas B. On heating with O2 it gives an oxide C. If this oxide is passed into water in the
presence of air, it gives an acid D which acts as a strong oxidising agent.
(a) Identify A, B, C and D
(b) To which group of periodic table does this non-metal belong?
17. An element A burns with golden flame in the air. It reacts with another element B, atomic number 17 to
give a product C. An aqueous solution of product C on electrolysis gives a compound D and liberates
hydrogen. Identify A, B, C and D. Also, write down the equations for the reactions involved.
18. Two ores A and B were taken. On heating ore A gives CO2 whereas, ore B gives SO2. What steps will
you take to convert them into metals?
19. Explain the following
(a) Reactivity of Al decreases if it is dipped in HNO3
(b) Carbon cannot reduce the oxides of Na or Mg
(c) NaCl is not a conductor of electricity in the solid-state whereas it does conduct electricity in aqueous
solution as well as in molten state
(d) Iron articles are galvanised.
(e) Metals like Na, K, Ca and Mg are never found in their free state in nature.
20. An element forms an oxide A2O3 which is acidic in nature. Identify A as metal or non-metal.
