3. Treaty of Paris established the 1.

It was introduced by Lord Wellesley to

supremacy of French over Southern take advantage of internal clashes
1. Consider the following statements: 2. Gautama Buddha passed away at
India. between Indian rulers.
1. An agrahara was land granted to Kushinara which was the capital of
How many of the statements given above is/are 2. Under this system, Indian rulers were
Brahmanas, who were usually Mallas mahajanapada.
correct? compelled to accept the permanent
exempted from paying land revenue. 3. The earliest capital of Magadha was
stationing of a British force within his
2. Upakriti and Kanika refer to a kind of known as Girivraja, which was A. Only one
territory.
customary tax levied by the surrounded by five hills. B. Only two
3. India rulers cannot employ any
government on villagers and Which of the statements given above is/are C. Only three
European officer in his service in any
townsmen. correct? D. None
circumstance.
Which of the statements given above is/are A. 1 only _____________________________________________
How many of the statements given above is/are
correct? B. 2 only 6. Consider the following statements with respect correct?
A. 1 only C. 1 and 3 only to East India Company:
A. Only one
B. 2 only D. 2 and 3 only
1. A royal farman issued by the Mughal B. Only two
C. Both 1 and 2 _____________________________________________ emperor, granted East India company C. All three
D. Neither 1 nor 2 4. Consider the following statements regarding the freedom to trade in Bengal without D. None
_____________________________________________ Jainism: paying taxes.
_____________________________________________
2. After the Battle of Plassey, the
2. Consider the following statements regarding 1. Jainism, like Buddhism, does not reject 9. With reference to the History of Modern India,
Company was granted the right to free
Kushana rulers: the authority of Vedas. consider the following events:
trade in Bengal, Bihar, Orissa.
1. Kushanas introduced the custom of 2. Monastic existence is a necessary
Which of the statements given above is/are 1. Non-Cooperation Movement
engraving portrait heads on the coins. condition to attain salvation.
correct? 2. Formation of Congress Khilafat
2. They considered themselves godlike 3. Sammed Shikharji is a Jain pilgrimage
Swarajya Party
and adopted the title of devaputra. site, located in the state of Jharkhand. A. 1 only
3. Establishment of Hindustan
3. Kanishka I was the founder of the Which of the statements given above is/are B. 2 only
Republican Association
Kushana empire who gave patronage correct? C. Both 1 and 2
4. Nehru Report
to Hinduism. D. Neither 1 nor 2
A. 1 only What is the correct chronological sequence of the
Which of the statements given above is/are B. 2 only _____________________________________________
above events?
correct? C. 1 and 3 only 7. “A night of eternal gloom for India”, was A. 1–2–3–4
A. 3 only D. 2 and 3 only written by Nabin Sen in which of the following
B. 2–1–3–4
B. 1 and 3 only _____________________________________________ context?
C. 4–2–1–3
C. 2 only 5. With reference to Indian History, consider the A. Battle of Plassey D. 1–4–2–3
D. 1, 2 and 3 following statements: B. Battle of Buxar
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________ C. Annexation of Awadh
1. The French East India company was 10. Consider the following information:
D. Battle of Wandiwash
3. Consider the following statements: largely controlled by private
merchants. _____________________________________________ Revenue / Introduc Description
1. Gandhara, Kosala, Vajji and Avanti
2. Dupleix was the first European to 8. With reference to the Subsidiary Alliance, Land ed by
mahajanapadas were the oligarchies.
interfere in the internal politics of consider the following statements: Settlement
Indian rulers.
 3. Communist Party of India did not Which of the statements given above is/are information with encrypted tokens for
1 Permanent Lord Zamindars
support the movement. correct? enhanced security.
. Settlement Cornwal were
lis converted Which of the statements given above is/are A. Only 1 C. It requires users to manually enter their
into correct? B. Only 2 card details for every transaction to
landlords A. 1 only C. Both 1 and 2 ensure security.
with B. 2 only D. Neither 1 nor 2 D. Payment authentication is processed
hereditary C. 3 only instantly through the biometric
_____________________________________________
rights. features available on the user’s device.
D. None of the above
14. Consider the following statements regarding
_____________________________________________ _____________________________________________
2 Ryotwari Holt Land “Digital Agriculture and the Digital Agriculture
. Settlement Macken ownership Mission: 16. Consider the following statements regarding
12. With reference to the revolt of 1857, consider
zie and the following pairs: the "Samarthya" scheme for the empowerment of
1. Digital Agriculture involves the use of
occupancy women:
technologies such as sensors, drones,
rights were Centres of Revolt Leaders 1. Shakti Sadans under the Samarthya
and artificial intelligence to improve
granted scheme provide relief and
1. Delhi Khan Bahadur farm management and optimize
directly to rehabilitation for women victims of
resource use.
the ryots trafficking and destitute women.
2. Kanpur Nana Sahib 2. The Digital Agriculture Mission aims to
(cultivators) 2. The Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana
develop Digital Public Infrastructure
3. Lucknow Begum Hazrat Mahal (DPI) to modernize Indian agriculture Yojana (PMMVY) now provides
3 Mahalwari Thomas Revenue
by integrating data and digital tools. benefits for the second child,
. System Munro settlement to 4. Bareilly General Bakht Khan
3. The primary focus of the Digital irrespective of gender.
and be made
Alexand village by How many of the pairs given above is/are Agriculture Mission is to provide direct Which of the statements given above is/are
er Read village or correctly matched? financial subsidies to farmers for correct?
estate. adopting digital farming techniques.
A. Only one A. 1 only
B. Only two Which of the statements given above is/are B. 2 only
In how many of the above rows is the given incorrect? C. Both 1 and 2
C. Only three
information correctly matched?
D. All four A. 1 and 2 D. Neither 1 nor 2
A. Only one B. 2 and 3
_____________________________________________ _____________________________________________
B. Only two C. 3 only
C. Only three 13. With reference to the term "China Shock 2.0", 17. With reference to Special Drawing Rights
D. 1, 2 and 3
D. None of the above consider the following statements: (SDRs), consider the following statements:
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________ 1. It refers to China's rapid export growth in 1. SDRs are a form of international currency
high-tech sectors like solar equipment and 15. Consider the following statements regarding issued by the International Monetary Fund
11. With reference to the Quit India movement, the Payment Passkey Service,
semiconductors amid a domestic economic (IMF).
consider the following statements:
slowdown caused by a property crisis and Which of the following is incorrect: 2. The value of SDRs is determined based on a
1. It was launched in response to the weak consumer demand.
A. It eliminates the need for OTP-based basket of major international currencies.
Cabinet mission.
2. India's dependence on Chinese “Steel authentication by using biometric 3. SDRs can only be held by IMF member
2. During this movement, Aruna Asaf Ali
imports’ has decreased significantly due to verification or device PINs. countries and prescribed holders, not by
established the secret Congress radio to
the successful implementation of the B. The service relies on tokenization, private entities.
inspire freedom fighters.
‘Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative.’ replacing sensitive financial
 4. India holds more than 5% of the total SDR B. 2 only C. Milton Friedman referred to inflation tax as 2. The Insurance Regulatory and
allocation made by the IMF. C. Both 1 and 2 the "Unlegislated Tax of Inflation." Development Authority of India (IRDAI) is
Which of the statements given above is/are D. Neither 1 nor 2 headquartered in New Delhi.
D. Governments benefit from inflation tax as
correct? _____________________________________________ they can repay their outstanding debts with 3. The NHCX has set a 3-hour timeline for
A. 1 and 2 only 20. With reference to the Pradhan Mantri MUDRA money that has lower purchasing power processing cashless insurance claims after
B. 2 and 3 only Yojana (PMMY), consider the following than when the debt was incurred. discharge authorization.
C. 1, 3, and 4 only statements:
_____________________________________________ Which of the statements given above is/are
D. 2, 3, and 4 only 1. The scheme provides collateral-free loans to correct?
22. Consider the following statements regarding
_____________________________________________ non-corporate, non-farm small and micro the PM Vidyalaxmi Scheme: A. 1 and 2 only
enterprises upto ₹20 lakhs only. B. 1 and 3 only
18. Consider the following statements regarding 1. PM Vidyalaxmi provides collateral-free and
the components of Broad Money in India, choose 2. The loans are given for income generating guarantor-free loans to students admitted to C. 2 and 3 only
the incorrect statement: activities in manufacturing, trading and all government and private higher D. 1, 2 and 3
A. Broad Money includes currency with the services sectors and for activities allied to education institutions in India. _____________________________________________
public, demand deposits, time deposits, and agriculture.
2. Students with a family income of up to ₹8 24. Consider the Statements with respect to
other deposits with the Reserve Bank of 3. Scheduled Commercial banks, Non- Domestic Systemically Important Insurers:
lakhs are eligible for a 3% interest
India. Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) and subvention on loans up to ₹10 lakhs during 1. Domestic Systemically Important Insurers
B. Broad Money is also known as High- Micro Finance Institutions (MFI’s) are the moratorium period. (D-Slls) refer to insurers of such size, market
Powered Money. authorized to disburse loans to eligible
3. The payment of interest subvention will be importance, and domestic and global inter
beneficiaries.
C. Time deposits with banks are part of Broad facilitated through E-vouchers and Central connectedness whose distress or failure
Money. 4. The MUDRA Card allows borrowers to Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) wallets. would cause a significant dislocation in the
access working capital in the form of domestic financial system.
D. The 'Other' deposits with the Reserve Bank Which of the statements given above is/are
overdraft facility.
include IMF deposits and deposits of correct? 2. They are considered as “Too Big to Fail” and
foreign governments. Which of the statements given above are correct? government would support these insurers
A. 1 and 2 only
A. 1, 2, and 3 only in case of any financial distress.
_____________________________________________ B. 2 and 3 only
B. 1 and 4 only C. 1 and 3 only 3. There are only three public sector
19. With reference to Quick Commerce (Q-
C. 2 and 4 only D. 1, 2 and 3 companies and zero private sector
commerce), consider the following statements:
D. 1, 2, 3, and 4 companies.
1. Q-commerce platforms rely on strategically _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________ Choose the incorrect Statements:
located dark stores and AI-based analytics 23. Consider the following statements regarding
to ensure ultra-fast delivery of essential 21. Consider the following statements regarding the National Health Claim Exchange (NHCX) and A. Only 1
items. Inflation Tax and Choose the incorrect options: the Insurance Regulatory and Development B. 1 and 2
A. Inflation tax is a legal tax imposed by the Authority of India (IRDAI): C. 2 and 3.
2. Unlike traditional retail models, Q-
government to generate revenue during 1. The National Health Claim Exchange D. None of the above.
commerce follows a fixed inventory-based
approach that remains unaffected by real- periods of high inflation. (NHCX) aims to enable paperless and _____________________________________________
time consumer demand. B. Inflation tax refers to the loss of purchasing secure health claim processing and reduce
25. Consider the following statements regarding
power of cash due to rising inflation, hospitals' dependence on multiple portals.
Which of the statements given above is/are the SEHER program and Women
correct? effectively penalizing those who hold cash Entrepreneurship Platform (WEP):
rather than assets.
A. 1 only
 1. SEHER is a credit education initiative Market (e-NAM), consider the following dedicated to combating money laundering Which of the statements given above is/are
launched by the Women Entrepreneurship statements: and terrorist financing. correct?
Platform (WEP) and TransUnion CIBIL to 1. The PoP enables farmers to access multiple
B. Objective of FATF is to develop and A. 1 only
enhance financial literacy among women value chain services such as quality checks, promote policies, both at national and B. 2 only
entrepreneurs in India. warehousing, and fintech services through international levels, to combat money C. Both 1 and 2
2. Women-led businesses account for a single digital window. laundering and the financing of terrorism. D. Neither 1 nor 2
approximately 15% of the total outstanding 2. It restricts farmers from selling their
C. Under FATF, the mutual evaluation report _____________________________________________
loans to MSMEs in India, highlighting the produce outside their home states to is an assessment of a country’s measures to 32. With reference to the National Mission for
growing presence of women entrepreneurs promote local agri-markets. combat money laundering, financing of Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA), consider the
in the financial sector.
Which of the statements given above is/are terrorism and proliferation of weapons of following statements:
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? mass destruction
correct? 1. It is one of the missions under the National
A. 1 only D. Evaluation under Mutual Evaluation Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC).
A. 1 only B. 2 only Report of FATF will be assessed by a body
B. 2 only 2. It aims to improve agricultural productivity
C. Both 1 and 2 which will be set up by mutual cooperation
C. Both 1 and 2 in irrigated regions that contribute to the
D. Neither 1 nor 2 of the countries.
D. Neither 1 nor 2 majority of India’s food grain production.
_____________________________________________ _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________ 3. It promotes climate-resilient agriculture and
28. With respect to Provisioning Coverage Ratio 30. Which of the following best describes the livelihood diversification through
26. Assertion (A): The Market Intelligence and (PCR), consider the following statements: concept of "Environmental Kuznets Curve" integrated farming systems.
Early Warning System (MIEWS) portal helps in Hypothesis?
1. Under PCR norms, the banks are Which of the statements given above is/are
monitoring the prices of Tomato, Onion, and Potato
required to set aside certain percentage A. Increase in GDP leads to environmental correct?
(TOP) and generates alerts for interventions under
of their profits to cover the risk arising degradation.
the Operation Greens scheme. A. 1 and 2 only
from NPAs. B. Increase in GDP leads to improvement
Reason (R): MIEWS disseminates real-time data on B. 1 and 3 only
2. The PCR norms are applicable only for in the environment.
prices, arrivals, production, and trade of TOP crops, C. 2 and 3 only
NPAs and not for standard assets. C. Improvement in environment leads to
enabling timely government intervention to D. 1, 2 and 3
Which of the statements given above is/are increase in GDP size.
stabilize market volatility. D. Increase in GDP leads to environmental _____________________________________________
correct?
Select the correct answer using the codes given degradation initially and later, after 33. With reference to the concept of Water
A. 1 only
below: certain period of time, environmental Circularity, consider the following statements:
B. 2 only
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the degradation reduces.
C. Both 1 and 2 1. Recycling treated wastewater in industries
correct explanation of A. D. Neither 1 nor 2 _____________________________________________ such as thermal power plants and data
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the 31. With reference to Cassava, consider the centres helps replace freshwater demand
_____________________________________________
correct explanation of A. following statements: and contributes to energy savings.
C. A is true, but R is false. 29. With reference to the Financial Action Task
1. It is cultivated in India through seed-based 2. Recovering nutrients like nitrogen and
D. A is false, but R is true. Force (FATF), Choose the incorrect statement from
reproduction promoted by the Kukurro phosphorus from treated sewage can
the following:
_____________________________________________ tradition. reduce dependence on chemical fertilizers
A. FATF is an inter-governmental policy- and improve soil health.
27. With reference to the 'Platform of Platforms 2. It is used in the production of bioethanol
making and standard-setting body
(PoP)' initiative under the National Agriculture Which of the statements given above is/are
and biodegradable plastics, and its
byproducts serve as animal fodder. correct?
 A. 1 only C. Both 1 and 2 A. 1 only D. Neither 1 nor 2
B. 2 only D. Neither 1 nor 2 B. 2 only
_____________________________________________
C. Both 1 and 2 _____________________________________________ C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2 D. Neither 1 nor 2 40. Consider the following pairs:
36. Consider the following statements about BS6
_____________________________________________ (Stage II) Norms: _____________________________________________ Ramsar Site: Location
34. Consider the following statements with 1. The Central Pollution Control Board is 38. Consider the following statements related to 1. Kabal Taal: Bihar
respect to ‘Advance Authorisation Scheme’ responsible for formulating the BS India’s first cryptogamic garden was inaugurated 2. Assan Barrage: Odisha
1. An advance authorisation scheme norms, while the implementation is recently:
3. Lonar Lake: Madhya Pradesh
allows duty-free import of inputs. overseen by the Ministry of Road 1. It is situated in India state of
2. These inputs have to be mandatorily Transport and Highways. 4. Kanjirankulam Bird Sanctuary: Tamil
Uttrakhand
used in products that are required to be 2. Corporate Average Fuel Economy Nadu
2. The word cryptogamic refers to the
exported within a specified time. (CAFÉ 2) under BS6 (Stage II) primarily hidden reproduction. How many pairs given above are correctly
3. Advance Authorisation does not cover deals with monitoring the average fuel 3. A cryptogamic species does not matched?
manufacturer exporters or merchant efficiency of vehicles produced by an produce any seed or flower A. only 1 pair is correct
exporters tied to supporting automobile manufacturer. 4. Cryptogamic includes species from B. only 2 pairs are correct
manufacturer(s) 3. The primary objective of introducing animalia kingdom too. C. only 3 pairs are correct
Real Driving Emissions (RDE) in BS6
How many of the statements given above are How many of the above statements are correct? D. All 4 pairs are correct
correct? (Stage II) is to measure emissions
during ideal laboratory conditions. A. Only one _____________________________________________
A. Only one B. Only two 41. Examine the following statements wrt Noise
B. Only two Which of the above statements are correct?
C. Only three Pollution:
C. All three A. Only one D. All
D. None B. Only two 1. A person's hearing can be damaged if
_____________________________________________ exposed to noise levels over 75 dB over
C. All three
_____________________________________________ a prolonged period of time.
D. None 39. With reference to Mycelium Bricks, consider
35. With reference to the innovative use of urine the following statements: 2. The World Health Organization
as a natural fertilizer, consider the following _____________________________________________ recommends that the sound level
statements: 1. Mycelium bricks are made from fungal
37. With reference to Seagrasses, consider the indoors should be less than 30 db.
spores and agricultural waste and are
1. The electrochemical technique used to following statements: 3. Excessive noise has been registered as a
biodegradable, fire-resistant, and effective
extract urea from urine produces 1. Seagrasses reproduce only asexually crime under the Section 268 of IPC.
heat insulators.
Percarbamide. through rhizomes, which enable them to How many of the above statements are correct?
regenerate after disturbances such as 2. Unlike fired clay bricks, the production of
2. Utilizing urine-derived fertilizers can mycelium bricks results in significant A. Only one
support the goals of the Swachh Bharat grazing or storms.
carbon dioxide emissions, making them B. Only two
Mission-Urban (SBM-U) by contributing to 2. They act as carbon sinks by sequestering unsuitable for green construction. C. All three
solid waste management and reducing atmospheric carbon at a rate significantly D. None
GHG’s emissions in the dairy sector. higher than tropical rainforests and also Which of the statements given above is/are
correct? _____________________________________________
Which of the statements given above is/are support endangered marine species like
dugongs and green turtles. A. 1 only 42. Consider the following statements:
correct?
B. 2 only
A. 1 only Which of the statements given above is/are
correct? C. Both 1 and 2
B. 2 only
Statement—I: Carbon markets are likely to be one B. It is the region that encompasses all the C. Ancient DNA Statement 3: Microgravity can be used to simulate
of the most widespread tools in the fight against resources the animal requires to D. Advanced DNA the effects of aging and bone loss.
climate change. survive and reproduce.
_____________________________________________ Which of the above statements are correct?
C. It is an area of uniform environmental
Statement—II: Carbon markets transfer resources
conditions providing a living place for 48. Consider the following statements regarding A. 1 and 2 only
from the private sector to the State.
a specific assemblage of plants and Introns and Exons: B. 1 and 3 only
Which one of the following is correct in respect of animals. C. 3 only
1. Introns are non-coding segments of a gene
the above statements? D. It is a zone of gradual but continuous D. 2 and 3 only
that are removed during RNA processing.
A. Both Statement—I and Statement—II change from one ecosystem to another _____________________________________________
2. Exons are the coding regions of a gene that
are correct and Statement—II is the when there is no sharp boundary
remain in the mature mRNA. 51. With reference to the application of nuclear
correct explanation for Statement—I between the two.
Select the correct answer code: techniques in enhancing food security, consider
B. Both Statement—I and Statement—II _____________________________________________ the following statements:
are correct and Statement—II is not the A. 1 Only
45. With reference to Mangrove ecosystems, 1. It is generally used to stop crop mutation
correct explanation for Statement—I B. 2 Only
consider the following statements: for better resistance to diseases and climate
C. Statement—I is correct but Statement— C. Both 1 and 2
II is incorrect 1. Mangrove roots help in stabilizing D. None of the above change.
D. Statement—I is incorrect but coastlines by trapping sediments and 2. They can help in improving water and
reducing erosion. _____________________________________________
Statement—II is correct nutrient use efficiency in agriculture.
49. Consider the following statements regarding
_____________________________________________ 2. Mangroves exhibit viviparity, a 3. The sterile insect technique uses radiation
Air Independent Propulsion system (AIP)?
reproductive strategy where seeds to control pest populations, thereby
43. Examine the following statements:
germinate after falling to the ground. 1. It allows nuclear submarines to stay
reducing insecticide use.
1. Fly ash is recognized as an submerged longer than conventional ones.
Which of the statements given above is/are Which of the above statements are correct?
environmentally friendly material,
correct? 2. AIP systems are completely silent and
because it is a by-product and has low A. 1 and 3 only
A. 1 only generate zero heat.
embodied energy. B. 2 and 3 only
2. Fly ash requires less water than the B. 2 only 3. Fuel cells are one of the technologies used in C. 2 only
Portland cement and is easier to use in C. Both 1 and 2 AIP systems. D. All the above
the cold weather. D. Neither 1 nor 2
How many of the above is/are correct? _____________________________________________
Select the correct answer code: _____________________________________________ A. Only 1
52. Which of the following statements best
A. 1 only 46. H1N1 Influenza virus is also known as: B. Only 2 describes the role of Fast Breeder Reactors in
B. 2 only A. Spanish Flu C. All 3 India’s nuclear power programme?
C. Both 1 & 2 B. Bird Flu D. None
A. They are used to produce electricity
D. Neither 1 nor 2 C. Swine Flu _____________________________________________ using only thorium as fuel.
_____________________________________________ D. Seasonal Flu 50. Consider the following statements about B. They convert plutonium into uranium-
44. Which of the following statements best _____________________________________________ microgravity experiments: 233 for further use.
describes the term biotope. C. They generate plutonium from
47. Recently the term "aDNA" seen in news, stand Statement 1: Microgravity helps in the growth of
for? uranium-238 to be used in thorium
A. It is a transition area between two larger and more uniform protein crystals.
reactors.
biomes. A. Active DNA Statement 2: Microgravity eliminates the need for
B. Artificial DNA temperature control in experiments..
 D. They use slow neutrons and light water 1. IoT devices are capable of exchanging data 59. This City holds immense cultural and 1. Democratic Republic of Congo
to breed uranium-235 from uranium- over the internet without human archaeological value, which led to its designation
2. Rwanda
238. intervention. as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1984. This
City was in News because of large scale 3. Uganda
_____________________________________________ 2. IoT devices primarily rely on blockchain
technology for data security. destruction by the Israeli Defense Forces. Identify 4. Tanzania
53. With reference to medical imaging
the City.
technologies, consider the following statements: 3. IoT applications are limited to home 5. Burundi
automation and smart appliances. A. Juba
1. MRI uses strong ionizing radiation, while 6. Mozambique
CT scans does not. Which of the above statements are correct? B. Khartoum
Choose the Correct Answer from the given
2. CT scans are better suited for imaging bone A. 1 only C. Tyre options
fractures and trauma. B. 2 only D. Damascus A. 1,2,3
3. MRI is more suitable for imaging soft tissues C. 1 and 2 only
_____________________________________________ B. 4,5,6
such as the brain, muscles, and spinal cord. D. 1, 2, and 3
60. Consider the following statements with regard C. 1,2,3,5
4. MRI scans are more portable than CT scans.. _____________________________________________
to the Litani River
57. Which of the following is a potential benefit of D. 1&2 only
Which of the above statements are correct? 1. This River flows into the Mediterranean Sea
synthetic biology in environmental _____________________________________________
A. 1, 2 and 3 only sustainability? 2. This River flows across a length of 140 KMs
B. 2 and 3 only 63. Essequibo Region Dispute is between which 2
in the Golan Heights
1. Creation of biofuels that can replace fossil countries?
C. 2, 3 and 4 only
fuels. 3. This River flows across the Syria & Lebanon
D. All of the above A. Guyana & Suriname
Border
2. Development of biodegradable plastics
_____________________________________________ B. Colombia & Panama
that break down more easily in nature. Which of the above statements are Incorrect?
54. Which of the following cryptocurrencies C. Guyana & Venezuela
3. Engineering organisms to remove toxic A. 1&2
originally used Proof of Work (PoW) and later
chemicals from soil and water. D. Bolivia & Chile
shifted to Proof of Stake (PoS)? B. 2&3
Select the correct answer using the code below: _____________________________________________
A. Bitcoin C. 1 Only
B. Ethereum A. 1 and 2 only 64. Indigenous Sahrawi Ethnicity People Belong
D. 3 Only
C. Ripple B. 1 and 3 only to which Disputed region in News?
_____________________________________________
D. Litecoin C. 2 and 3 only A. Sudan
D. All of the above 61. Identify the Incorrect pair of the region with
_____________________________________________ B. South Sudan
the respective Country where it is located in
55. Which of the following is the primary function _____________________________________________
C. Sierra Leone
A. Donestsk- Ukraine
of platelets in the human body? 58. Blue Dot Line Border is demarcation between
D. Western Sahara
which two Countries? B. Darfur- Sudan
A. Transport oxygen to tissues
_____________________________________________
B. Fight against infections A. Sudan & South Sudan C. Kursk- Belarus
C. Form blood clots to stop bleeding 65. Arrange The Following From South To North
B. Eritrea & Ethiopia D. Afar- Ethiopia
D. Carry nutrients to cells 1. Taiwan
C. Israel & Jordan _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________ 2. Kuril Islands
D. Israel & Lebanon 62. Tutsis & Hutus are 2 ethnic communities
56. Consider the following statements about the which are native to which of the following? 3. East China Sea
Internet of Things (IoT): _____________________________________________
 4. Sea of Japan 1. Initial characteristics of air mass in 70. Mark the incorrect statement in the context of pressure gradient from east to west in the
terms of temperature and moisture Indian rivers: equatorial Pacific Ocean.
5. Bering Sea
content.
Choose the Correct Code from the following A. The Narmada and the Tapi are the only C. It is planetary-scale upper-tropospheric
2. Nature of land or water surface over
options long rivers , which flow west of circulation cell responsible for transferring
which a particular air mass moves.
Western ghats and make estuaries. heat poleward through westerly winds over
A. 1-2-3-4-5 3. Path followed by the air mass from the
B. The Narmada rises in the Amarkantak the subtropical belts.
B. 1-3-2-5-4 source region to the affected area.
hills and flows westward towards
4. Time taken by the air mass to reach a D. None of the above
C. 1-3-4-2-5 Arabian Sea in a rift valley formed due
particular destination. _____________________________________________
to faulting.
D. 1-2-5-3-4 Options: C. The Tapi river also flows in a rift valley 73. Consider the following statements about
_____________________________________________ A. 1, 2, and 4 only parallel to the Narmada but it is much Surface Waves:
66. Which of the following Border Crossings are B. 1 and 3 only shorter in length.
1. Rayleigh waves is the fastest surface wave
correctly Paired C. 2, 3, and 4 only D. Rivers such as the Sabarmati, Mahi,
and moves the ground from side-to-side.
D. 1, 2, 3, and 4 Vamsadhara Bharathapuzha, and
A. Bab- AL – Hawa- Turkey & Syria 2. A love wave rolls along the ground just like
Periyar also flow westward towards
_____________________________________________ a wave rolls across a lake or an ocean
B. Torres Strait- Australia & Solomon Islands Arabian Sea.
69. With reference to the Savanna climate, 3. Rayleigh waves are responsible for most of
C. Rafah Crossing- Egypt & Jordan _____________________________________________
consider the following statements:
the shaking and damage during an
D. King Hussein Bridge- Israel & Lebanon 71. Consider the following :
1. Due to northward migration of the sun earthquake when compared to Love waves.
_____________________________________________ during summer solstice (21 June) ,the
Which of the following is/are correct?
67. With reference to the World Happiness Report thus Savanna climate comes under the
influence of Inter Tropical Convergence A. Only 1
2025, consider the following statements
(ITC) which is associated with B. Only 2
1. The United States has improved its position, C. Only 3
atmospheric disturbances (cyclones)
ranking within the top 20 happiest D. None
which yield rains. Which of the above pairs are correctly matched?
countries.
2. Due to southward migration of the sun _____________________________________________
2. Sharing meals with others has been A. 1 and 2 only
during winter solstice (23 December)
B. 1 and 3 only 74. Which of the following statements is/are
identified as a significant factor Savanna climatic zone comes under the
C. 2 and 3 only generally correct?
contributing to higher happiness levels. influence of subtropical high-pressure
D. 1, 2, and 3 1. Surface salinity in Bay of Bengal can be as
Which of the above mentioned Statement/s is belt and thus anticyclonic conditions
dominate the weather and bring dry _____________________________________________ high as 31 ppt due to high freshwater input
Incorrect?
conditions. from rivers like the Ganga, Brahmaputra,
A. 1 only 72. Which of the following best describes the
and Godavari.
Which of the statements given above is/are Walker Circulation?
B. 2 only 2. The Arabian Sea has low surface salinity
correct? A. It is the thermohaline-driven vertical
C. Both are Correct than the Bay of Bengal because evaporation
A. 1 only overturning circulation system in the
exceeds precipitation and river runoff is
D. Both are Incorrect B. 2 only Atlantic Ocean, contributing to global
relatively low.
_____________________________________________ C. Both 1 and 2 climate regulation.
D. Neither 1 nor 2 Options:
68. Which of the following factors may impact the B. It is a convective cell of air circulation,
_____________________________________________ which is formed due to the development of A. 1 only
Thermal modification of an airmasss?
B. 2 only
 C. Both 1 and 2 India (82.5° E) passes through 5 states. Which of _____________________________________________ D. None
D. Neither 1 nor the following pairs of states is common to both
lines? 81. Consider the following combinations: _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
A. Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh 1. Odisha : Iron : Sundargarh 84. Consider the following statements about the
75. With reference to the snowline in the interplay between Parliamentary Sovereignty and
B. Madhya Pradesh and Odisha 2. Kerala : Mica : Alappuzha
Himalayas, consider the following statements: Judicial Supremacy in the Indian context:
C. Chhattisgarh and West Bengal
Assertion (A): The snowline in the Eastern 3. Maharashtra : Satara : Bauxite
D. Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh 1. The Indian Constitution incorporates
Himalayas lies at a higher elevation above sea level Which of the above combinations is/are correctly the concept of Fundamental Rights
_____________________________________________
compared to that in the Western Himalayas. matched? from the U.S. Constitution and
78. X is planning to visit the only UNESCO World provides complete judicial supremacy.
Reason (R): Precipitation in the Western Himalayas A. 1 and 2 only
Heritage Mixed Site in India. Which state is being 2. The Indian Parliament has the same
is comparatively low and occurs mostly as snowfall, B. 1 and 3 only
referred to here:
whereas in the Eastern Himalayas the precipitation C. 2 and 3 only level of legal omnipotence as the British
is greater and occurs mostly in the form of rain. A. Maharashtra D. 1, 2, and 3 Parliament, allowing it to enact laws
B. Karnataka without constitutional limitations.
Select the correct answer using the code given _____________________________________________
3. Article 21 of the Indian Constitution
below: C. Sikkim 82. The term maquis , garrigue and batha can be employs the phrase 'procedure
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the D. Himachal Pradesh associated with : established by law,' contrasting with
correct explanation of A A. Mediterranean Vegetation the American Constitution's 'due
_____________________________________________
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the B. Laurentian Vegetation process of law,' thereby limiting the
correct explanation of A 79. Consider the following pairs : C. China Type Vegetation scope of judicial review in India.
C. A is true, but R is false Lake : Location D. None 4. The Indian Parliament can amend any
D. A is false, but R is true part of the Constitution, but such
1. Superior : Canada, United States _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________ amendments are subject to judicial
2. Malawi : Malawi , Mozambique Tanzania 83. What are the features of the National review to ensure they do not alter the
76. Consider the following statements regarding Commission for Schedule Tribes:
3. Great Bear Lake : Canada 'basic structure' of the Constitution.
the Masai community:
1. Measures to be taken over conferring How many of the above statements are correct?
1. The Masai are a nomadic community 4. Victoria: Kenya , Tanzania , Uganda
ownership rights in respect of minor
2. They are cattle pastoralists and Which of the following is/ are matched correctly? A. Only one
forest produce to STs living in forest
consider cattle a symbol of wealth. B. Only two
A. Only one areas
3. They inhabit regions in Kenya and C. Only three
2. Measures to be taken to promote the
Tanzania B. Only two D. All four
traditional practice of shifting
Which of the statements given above is/are C. Only three cultivation _____________________________________________
correct? D. All four 3. Measures to be taken to safeguard 85. Consider the following statements wrt the
A. 1 and 2 only rights of the tribal communities over division of the legislative powers between the
_____________________________________________
B. 2 and 3 only water resources Union and the state government in India:
80. Choose the incorrect one :
C. 1 and 3 only How many of the statements given above are 1. If on a Concurrent List Subject, the
D. 1, 2 and 3 A. Angel Falls : Venezuela correct? Union and a state's laws conflict, the
_____________________________________________ B. Tugela Falls : South Africa A. Only one Union law will prevail.
C. Browne Falls : Norway B. Only two 2. If the Lok Sabha, by a majority of 2/3rd
77. In India , The Tropic of Cancer (23.5° N) passes
C. All three of its members, decides by a resolution
through 8 states, and the Standard Meridian of D. Tres Hermanas Falls : Peru
 that a certain subject belonging to the 2. The Comptroller and Auditor-General 1. The funds under MPLADS are lapsable at national party as per the criteria listed
State List is of national importance, the shall be eligible for further office either the end of each financial year if not utilized in 'The Election Symbols (Reservation
Parliament will be able to legislate on it. under the Government of India or by the concerned district authority. and Allotment) Order, 1968'.
3. When a Proclamation of Emergency is under the government of any state, 2. According to the Election Commission,
2. MPLADS funds can be used to create sports
in operation, the Parliament may after he has ceased to hold his office. any party seeking registration under
infrastructure under the Khelo India
legislate on any of the State Subjects. 3. The Comptroller and Auditor-General the Election Commission has to submit
program and can also be converged with
How many of the above statements are correct? of India is the chair of the INTOSAI an application to it within a period of 30
MGNREGS for durable asset creation.
Committee on Knowledge Sharing and days following the date of its
A. Only one Knowledge Services. Which of the statements given above is/are formation.
B. Only two correct?
C. All three How many of the statements given above are Select the correct answer code:
correct? A. 1 only
D. None A. 1 only
B. 2 only
A. Only one B. 2 only
_____________________________________________ C. Both 1 and 2
B. Only two C. Both 1 & 2
86. Consider the following statements. D. Neither 1 nor 2
C. All three D. Neither 1 nor 2
1. The expression “minorities” is not D. None _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
defined in the Constitution of India. _____________________________________________ 90. With reference to the legal framework
2. Currently, only those communities governing elections in India, consider the 92. With reference to the Transgender Persons
notified under National Commission 88. Consider the following statements. (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019, consider the
following statements:
for Minorities Act, 1992, by the central 1. The expression “minorities” is not following statements:
1. Article 324 of the Constitution empowers
government are regarded as minority defined in the Constitution of India. 1. Transgender individuals can undergo sex-
the Election Commission of India to prepare
at the national level. 2. Currently, only those communities reassignment surgery before they can apply
electoral rolls and conduct elections to
3. Any community specific to a State as a notified under National Commission for an identity certificate.
Parliament and State legislatures.
minority community is also notified for Minorities Act, 1992, by the central
2. The Representation of the People Act, 1950 2. The District Magistrate (DM) is the
under the National Commission for government are regarded as minority
primarily governs the conduct of elections designated authority to issue identity
Minorities (NCM), Act, 1992. at the national level.
and declaration of results. certificates for transgender persons.
How many of the statements given above are 3. Any community specific to a State as a
minority community is also notified 3. The Delimitation Act, 2002 provides for 3. A transgender person can change their
correct?
under the National Commission for redrawing the boundaries of constituencies name and gender on their birth certificate
A. Only one based on an identity certificate issued by the
Minorities (NCM), Act, 1992. based on the latest census data.
B. Only two DM.
C. All three How many of the statements given above are Which of the statements given above is/are
D. None correct? correct? 4. The Karnataka High Court has ruled that
A. Only one the Registration of Births and Deaths Act,
_____________________________________________ A. 1 and 2 only
B. Only two 1969, must comply with the Transgender
B. 2 and 3 only
87. Consider the following statements: C. All three Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019 for
C. 1 and 3 only
1. The Comptroller and Auditor-General D. None name and gender changes.
D. 1, 2 and 3
of India shall only be removed from the _____________________________________________ Which of the statements given above is correct?
_____________________________________________
office in like manner and on like A. 1, 2 and 3
89. With reference to the Member of Parliament 91. Examine the following statements:
grounds as a Judge of the Supreme B. 2, 3 and 4
Local Area Development Scheme (MPLADS),
Court. 1. A registered political party is accorded C. 1, 3 and 4
consider the following statements:
the status of a recognized state or D. All of the above
_____________________________________________ C. Only three A. 1 and 2 only C. 1 & 3 only
93. With reference to overseas electors in India, D. All B. 1 and 3 only D. 1, 2 & 3
consider the following statements: _____________________________________________ C. 2 and 3 only
_____________________________________________
1. Overseas electors must hold an Overseas D. 1, 2, and 3
95. With reference to the Attorney General of 99. With reference to the conduct of a by poll for a
Citizen of India (OCI) card to be eligible for India, consider the following statements: _____________________________________________ vacant seat of a Member of Parliament, consider
voting in Indian elections. 1. He should be qualified to be appointed 97. With reference to the Digital Personal Data the following statements:
2. Currently, Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) can a Judge of the Supreme Court. Protection Act, 2023 (DPDP Act), consider the 1. According to the Representation of
only vote in person at their respective 2. He gives advice to the Government of following statements:
People Act, 1951, a by poll need not be
constituencies in India. India upon such legal matters, and to 1. The DPDP Act establishes the Data held if the remainder of the term of the
perform such other duties of a legal Protection Board (DPB) as an independent member is less than 2 years.
3. The Electronically Transmitted Postal Ballot
System (ETPBS) is already implemented for character, as may from time to time be regulatory authority to handle data 2. The President of India has the authority
referred or assigned to him by the breaches and disputes. to cancel a bypoll under specific
overseas voters in India.
President. circumstances.
Which of the statements given above is/are 2. The Act mandates verifiable parental
3. He has the right to vote in all courts in 3. Election Commission in consultation
correct? consent for processing the personal data of
the territory of India. with Central Government can also
children under the age of 18, with certain
A. 1 and 2 only How many of the above statements are correct? decide not to conduct a by poll.
industry-specific exemptions.
B. 2 only 4. The Election Commission alone decides
C. 2 and 3 only A. Only one Which of the statements given above is/are the schedule for the bypoll, including
D. 1, 2, and 3 B. Only two correct?
the date of polling and the date of
C. All three
_____________________________________________ A. Only 1 counting.
D. None
B. Only 2
94. With regards to the Competition Commission How many of the above statements are correct?
_____________________________________________ C. Both 1 and 2
of India (CCI), examine the following statements: A. Only one
96. With reference to the Unified District D. Neither 1 nor 2
1. It is a non-statutory body of the B. Only two
Information System for Education Plus (UDISE+), _____________________________________________
Government of India. consider the following statements: C. Only three
2. It is responsible for promoting 98. With regards to the Zonal Councils, examine D. All four
competition throughout India and to 1. UDISE+ is a data aggregation platform the following statements:
under the Ministry of Statistics and _____________________________________________
prevent activities that have an 1. 5 Zonal Councils were established as
appreciable adverse effect on Programme Implementation to track school 100. With reference to the National Human Rights
per the States Reorganisation Act, 1956
competition in India. education in India. Commission (NHRC), select the correct
2. Its objectives is to help in arresting the statements:
3. It has the power to carry out 2. The platform aims to provide real-time growth of acute state-consciousness,
investigations if any e-commerce student-wise data collection to improve regionalism, linguism and 1. To visit jails and detention places to
company use their dominant position transparency and policy planning. particularistic trends study the living conditions of inmates
to stifle competition. 3. Andaman & Nicobar Islands and and make recommendations thereon.
3. The 2023-24 UDISE+ report indicates a
4. It promotes the policy of predatory Lakshadweep are not members of any 2. To review the factors including acts of
decline in total student enrolment across all
pricing. of the Zonal Councils terrorism that inhibit the enjoyment of
categories, including Scheduled Castes,
human rights and recommend
How many of the statements given above are Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Select the correct answer code:
incorrect? remedial measures.
Classes.
A. 1 & 2 only 3. To inquire into any violation of human
A. Only one Which of the statements given above is/are B. 2 & 3 only rights or negligence in the prevention
B. Only two correct?
 of such violation by a public servant,
however, only on a petition presented
to it or on court order but not Suo motu.
4. To study treaties and other
international instruments on human
rights and make recommendations for
their effective implementation.
How many of the statements given above are
correct?
A. Only one
B. Only two
C. Only three
D. All
_____________________________________________