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Photoelectric Effect,
Atomic Structure & X-Rays
(Physicsaholics)

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Exercise-2

(Objective Type: Single Correct)

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Q 1.
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A photon of energy h is absorbed by a free electron of a metal having work function
 < h −
(A) The electron is sure to come out
(B) The electron is sure to come out with a kinetic energy h – 
(C) Either the electron does not come out or it comes out with a kinetic energy h – 
(D) It may come out with a kinetic energy less than h – 

Q 2. The Andromeda Nebula, at a distance of 2 × 1022 m from the Earth, radiates 8 × 1027 W in the
spectral line of frequency 1420 MHz. The number of photons received per second when the
nebula is observed by a radio telescope of collecting area 100 m2, is
(A) 1.7 × 108 (B) 1.7 × 105 (C) 3.4 × 102 (D) None of these

Q 3. Let nr and nb be respectively the number of photons emitted by a red bulb and a blue bulb of
equal power in a given time.
(A) nr = nb (B) nr < nb (C) nr > nb (D) data insufficient

Q 4. Light of frequency 4.5 times the threshold frequency is incident on photo-sensitive material.
If the frequency is halved and intensity is doubled, then the photo-current becomes -
(A) quadrupled (B) doubled
(C) halved (D) zero

Q 5. 10–3 W of 5000 Å light is directed on a photoelectric cell. If the current in the cell is 0.16 A,
the percentage of incident photons which produce photoelectrons, is
(A) 0.4% (B) .04% (C) 20% (D) 10%

Q 6. In a photo-emissive cell, with exciting wavelength , the maximum kinetic energy of electron
3
is K. If the exciting wavelength is changed to the kinetic energy of the fastest emitted
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electron will be:
(A) 3K/4 (B) 4K/3 (C) less than 4K/3 (D) greater than 4K/3

Q 7. The correct graph between the maximum energy of a photoelectron and the inverse of
wavelength of the incident radiation is given by the curve -
c
a
Kmax.

0 1/0 1/
(A) a (B) b
(C) c (D) None of above

Q 8. A nonmonochromatic light is used in an experiment on photoelectric effect. The stopping

potential -
(A) is related to the mean wavelength

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(B) is related to the longest wavelength
(C) is related to the shortest wavelength
(D) is not related to the wavelength

Q 9. The frequency and the intensity of a beam of light falling on the surface of photoelectric
material are increased by a factor of two. Treating efficiency of photoelectron generation as
constant, this will:
(A) increase the maximum energy of the photoelectrons, as well as photoelectric current by
a factor of two.
(B) increase the maximum kinetic energy of the photo electrons and would increase the
photoelectric current by a factor of two.
(C) increase the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons by a factor of greater than
two and will have no effect on the magnitude of photoelectric current produced.
(D) not produce any effect on the kinetic energy of the emitted electrons but will increase
the photoelectric current by a factor of two.

Q 10. Silver has a work function fo 4.7 eV. When ultraviolet light of wavelength 100 nm is incident
upon it, a potential of 7.7 volt is required to stop the photoelectrons from reaching the
collector plate. The potential required to stop photo electrons when light of wavelength 200
nm is incident upon silver is-
(A) 1.5 V (B) 1.85 V
(C) 1.95 V (D) 2.37 V

Q 11. A point source causes photoelectric effect from a small metal plate. Which of the following
curves may represent the saturation photocurrent as a function of the distance between the
source and the metal?
I I

(A) (B)
r r
I I

(C) (D)
r r

Q 12. In a photoemissive cell, with exciting wavelength , the fastest electron has speed v. If the
exciting wavelength is changed to 3/4, the speed of the fastest emitted electrons will be -
(A) v(4/3)1/2 (B) v (3/4)1/2
(C) less than v (4/3)1/2 (D) greater than v(4/3)1/2

Q 13. Radiation of two photon energies twice and five times the work function of metal are
incident successively on the metal surface. The ratio of the maximum velocity of
photoelectrons emitted is the two cases will be

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(A) 1 : 2 (B) 2 : 1 (C) 1 : 4 (D) 4 : 1

Q 14. Cut off potentials for a metal in photoelectric effect for light of wavelength 1, 2 and 3 is
found to be V1, V2 and V3 volts if V1, V2 and V3 are in Arithmetic Progression and 1, 2 and 3
will be:
(A) Arithmetic Progression (B) Geometric Progression
(C) Harmonic Progression (D) None

Q 15. Photons with energy 5 eV are incident on a cathode C, on a photoelectric cell. The maximum
energy of the emitted photoelectrons is 2 eV. When photons of energy 6 eV are incident on
C, no photoelectrons will reach the anode A if the stopping potential of A relative to C is
(A) 3 V (B) – 3V (C) – 1V (D) 4 V

Q 16. In a photoelectric experiment, electrons are ejected from metals X and Y by light of intensity
I and frequency f. The potential difference V required to stop the electrons is measured for
various frequencies. If Y has a greater work function than X ; which one of the following
graphs best illustrates the expected results?

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

Q 17. An image of the sun is formed by a lens of focal-length of 30 cm on the metal surface of a
photoelectric cell and a photo-electric current I is produced. The lens forming the image is
then replaced by another of the same diameter but of focal length 15 cm. The photo-electric
current in this case is
(A) I/2 (B) I (C) 2I (D) 4I

Q 18. If a parallel beam of light having intensity, I is incident normally on a perfectly reflecting
surface, the force exerted on the surface, equals F. When the area vector of surface is held
at an angle , the force is
(A) 2F tan  (B) F cos  (C) F cos2  (D) 2F

Q 19. Imagine a Young's double slit interference experiment performed with waves associated
with fast moving electrons produced from an electron gun. The distance between successive
maxima will decrease maximum if
(A) the accelerating voltage in the electron gun is decreased
(B) the accelerating voltage is increased and the distance of the screen from the slits is
decreased
(C) the distance of the screen from the slits is increased.
(D) the distance between the slits is decreased.

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Q 20. A proton accelerated through a potential difference of 100V, has de-Broglie wavelength 0.
The de-Broglie wavelength of an -particle, accelerated through 800V is-
0 0
(A) (B)
2 2
0 0
(C) (D)
4 8

Q 21. In a hypothetical system a particle of mass m and charge –3q is moving around a very heavy
particle having charge q. Assuming Bohr’s model to be true to this system, the orbital
velocity of mass m when it is nearest to heavy particle is
3q 2 3q 2 3q 3q
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 0 h 4 0 h 2 0 h 4 0 h

Q 22. Which state of triply ionised (Be3+) has same orbital radius as that of ground state of
hydrogen?
(A) n=1 (B) n = 2 (C) n = 3 (D) None of these

Q 23. De-Broglie wavelength of an electron in the nth Bohr orbit is n and the angular momentum
is Jn, then:
1
(A) Jn  n (B) n  (C) n  J 2n (D) none of these
Jn

Q 24. Magnetic moment due to the motion of the electron in nth energy state of hydrogen atom is
proportional to:
(A) n (B) n0 (C) n5 (D) n3.

3h
Q 25. The angular momentum of an electron in the hydrogen atom is . Here h is Planck’s
2
constant. The kinetic energy of this electron is:
(A) 4.53 eV (B) 1.51 eV (C) 3.4 eV (D) 6.8 eV

Q 26. The ratio between total acceleration of the electron in singly ionized helium atom and
hydrogen atom (both in ground state) is :
(A) 1 (B) 8 (C) 4 (D) 16.

Q 27. Consider the electronic energy level diagram of H-atom. Photons associated with
shortest and longest wavelengths would be emitted from the atom by the transitions
labelled.

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(A) D and C respectively (B) C and A respectively
(C) C and D respectively (D) A and C respectively

Q 28. In a hydrogen atom, the binding energy of the electron in the nth state is En, then the
frequency of revolution of the electron in the nth orbits is:
(A) 2En /nh (B) 2Enn/h (C) En/nh (D) Enn/h

Q 29. The energy levels of a certain atom for 1st, 2nd and 3rd levels are E, 4E/3 and 2E respectively.
A photon of wavelength  is emitted for a transition 3 → 1. What will be the wavelength of
emission for transition 2 → 1
(A) /3 (B) 4/3 (C) 3/4 (D) 3

Q 30. If the electron in a hydrogen atom were in the energy level with n = 3, how much energy in
joule would be required to ionise the atom? (Ionisation energy of H-atom is 2.18 × 10–18J):
(A) 6.54 × 10–19 (B) 1.43 × 10–19 (C) 2.42 × 10–19 (D) 3.14 × 10–20

Q 31. In a hydrogen atom, the electron is in nth excited state. It may come down to second excited
state by emitting ten different wavelengths. What is the value of n:
(A) 6 (B) 7 (C) 8 (D) 5

Q 32. The stopping potential for the photo electrons emitted from a metal surface of work
function 1.7 eV is 10.4 V. Identify the energy levels corresponding to the transitions in
hydrogen atom which will result in emission of wavelength equal to that of incident
radiation for the above photoelectric effect
(A) n = 3 to 1 (B) n = 3 to 2 (C) n = 2 to 1 (D) n = 4 to 1

Q 33. The maximum angular speed of the electron of a hydrogen atom in a stationary orbit is :
(A) 6.2105 rad/s (B) 4.11016 rad/s
(C) 2.41010 rad/s (D) 9.2106 rad/s.

Q 34. An electron in hydrogen atom after absorbing energy photons can jump between energy
states n1 and n2 (n2 > n1). Then it may return to ground state after emitting six different
wavelengths in emission spectrum. The energy of emitted photons is either equal to, less
than or greater than the absorbed photons. Then n1 and n2 are:
(A) n2 = 4, n1 = 3 (B) n2 = 5, n1 =3 (C) n2 = 4, n1 = 2 (D) n2 = 4, n1 = 1

Q 35. The shortest wavelength of the Brackett series of a hydrogen like atom (atomic number = z)
is the same as the shortest wavelength of the Balmer series of hydrogen atom. The value of
z is :

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 (A) 2
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Q 36. The electron in a hydrogen atom makes transition from M shell to L. The ratio of magnitudes
of initial to final centripetal acceleration of the electron is
(A) 9 : 4 (B) 81 : 16 (C) 4 : 9 (D) 16 : 81

Q 37. The electron in a hydrogen atom makes a transition n1 → n2 whose n1 and n2 are the
principal quantum numbers of the two states. Assume the Bohr model to be valid. The
frequency of orbital motion of the electron in the initial state is 1/27 of that in the final
state. The possible values of n1 and n2 are
(A) n1= 4, n2 = 2 (B) n1 = 3, n2 = 1 (C) n1 = 8, n2 = 1 (D) n1 = 6, n2 = 3

Q 38. Electrons accelerated from rest by a potential difference of 12.75 V, are bombarded on a
monoatomic hydrogen gas in ground state. Possible emission of spectral lines are -
(A) first three Lyman lines, first two Balmer lines and first Paschen line
(B) first three Lyman lines only
(C) first two Balmer lines only
(D) none of the above

Q 39. Electron in a hydrogen atom is replaced by an identically charged particle muon with mass
207 times that of electron. Now the radius of K shell will be
(A) 2.56 × 10–3 Å (B) 109.7 Å (C) 1.21 × 10–3 Å (D) 22174.4 Å

Q 40. Monochromatic radiation of wavelength  is incident on a hydrogen sample in ground state.

Hydrogen atoms absorb the light and subsequently emit radiations of ten different
wavelengths. The value of  is
(A) 95 nm (B) 103 nm (C) 73 nm (D) 88 nm

Q 41. An electron collides with a fixed hydrogen atom in its ground state. Hydrogen atom gets
excited and the colliding electron loses all its kinetic energy. Consequently, the hydrogen
atom may emit a photon corresponding to the largest wavelength of the Balmer series. The
min. K.E. of colliding electron will be
(A) 10.2 eV (B) 1.9 eV (C) 12.1 eV (D) 13.6 eV

Q 42. The frequency of revolution of electron in nth Bohr orbit is n. The graph between log n and
log (n / 1) may be

(A) (B)

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(C) (D)

Q 43. Consider the spectral line resulting from the transition n = 2 → n = 1 in the atoms and ions
given below. The shortest wavelength is produced by:
(A) hydrogen atom (B) deuterium atom
(C) singly ionized helium (D) doubly ionized lithium

Q 44. Three atomic states of a hydrogenic atom are shown in the figure. The transition from C to B
yields a photon of wavelength 364.6 nm and the transition from B to A yields a photon of
wavelength 121.5 nm. Then the transition from C to A will yield a photon of wavelength –
C
364.6 nm
B
121.5 nm
A
(A) 91.2 nm (B) 243.1 nm (C) 486.1 nm (D) none of above

Q 45. In an atom, two electrons move around the nucleus in circular orbits of radii R and 4R. The
ratio of the time taken by them to complete one revolution is : (neglect electric interaction)
(A) 1 : 4 (B) 4 : 1 (C) 1 : 8 (D) 8 : 1

Q 46. The total energy of a hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13.6eV. If the potential energy in
the first excited state is taken as zero then the total energy in the ground state will be :
(A) -3.4eV (B) 3.4 eV (C) – 6.8eV (D) 6.8eV

Q 47. The magnitude of angular momentum, orbit radius and frequency of revolution of electron
in hydrogen atom corresponding to quantum number n are L, r and f respectively. Then
according to Bohr's theory of hydrogen atom,
(A) fr2L is constant for all orbits (B) frL is constant for all orbits
(C) f2rL is constant for all orbits (D) frL2 is constant for all orbits

Q 48. The angular momentum of an electron in an orbit is quantized because it is a necessary

condition for the compatibility with :
(A) the wave nature of electron (B) particle nature of electron
(C) Paulli’s exclusion behaviour (D) none of these.

Q 49. The space inside a Coolidge tube should be a-

(A) high vacuum
(B) filled with high-pressure gas
(C) filled with low-pressure inert gas
(D) filled with any gas at low pressure

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Q 50. In a characteristic X– ray spectra of some atom superimposed on
continuous X– ray spectra:
(A) P represents K line
(B) Q represents K line
(C) Q and P represents K and K lines respectively
(D) Relative positions of K and K depend on the particular atom

Q 51. An X-ray tube is operating at 100 kV and 10 mA. Assuming 0.2% of energy converted into X-
ray the rate at which target is heated is
(A) 432.6 cal/s (B) 238.75 cal/s (C) 329.7 cal/s (D) None of these

Q 52. A potential difference of 103 V is applied across an X-ray tube. The ratio of the de-Broglie
wavelength of the incident electrons to the shortest wavelength of X-rays produced is :
(A) 1/20 (B) 1/100 (C) 1 (D) 1/104.
(e/m = 1.8 × 1014 C/kg for an electron)

Q 53. The wavelength of the K line for an element of atomic number 57 is . What is the
wavelength of the K line for the element of atomic number 29?
(A)  (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 8

Q 54. In X-ray tube, anode should be made of material

(A) High atomic number and low thermal conductivity
(B) High atomic number and high thermal conductivity
(C) Low atomic number and low thermal conductivity
(D) Low atomic number and high thermal conductivity

Q 55. The K X-ray emission line of tungston ocurrs at  = 0.021 nm. What is the energy difference
between K and L levels in this atom ?
(A) 69 keV (B) 5.9 keV
(C) 59 keV (D) 49 keV

Q 56. If the frequencies of K, K and L X-rays for a material  K  ,  K ,  L respectively, then
(A)  K  =  K +  L (B)  L =  K  +  K (C)  K =  K  +  L (D) none of these

Q 57. Figure shows the intensity - wavelength relations of X-rays coming from two different
coolidge tubes. The solid curve represents the relation for the tube A in which the potential
difference between the target and the filament is VA and the atomic number of the target
material is ZA. These quantities are VB and ZB for the other tube. Then -
Intensity

K K
B A

Wavelength

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(A) VA > VB, ZA > ZB
(B) VA > VB, ZA < ZB
(C) VA < VB, ZA > ZB
(D) VA < VB, ZA < ZB

Q 58. An X-ray tube operates at an accelerating potential of 20 kV. Which of the following
wavelengths will be absent in the continuous spectrum of X-ray
(A) 45 pm (B) 72 pm (C) 65 pm (D) 95 pm

Q 59. The characteristics of the electrons striking the target in a Coolidge tube that determines the
upper limit of frequency of continuous X-rays is-
(A) Energy
(B) charge
(C) Number incident per sec
(D) Mass

Answer Key

Q.1) D Q.2) A Q.3) C Q.4) A Q.5) B

Q.6) D Q.7) A Q.8) C Q.9) C Q.10) A
Q.11) D Q.12) D Q.13) A Q.14) C Q.15) B
Q.16) A Q.17) B Q.18) C Q.19) B Q.20) D
Q.21) A Q.22) B Q.23) A Q.24) A Q.25) B
Q.26) B Q.27) C Q.28) A Q.29) D Q.30) C
Q.31) A Q.32) A Q.33) B Q.34) C Q.35) A
Q.36) D Q.37) B Q.38) A Q.39) A Q.40) A
Q.41) C Q.42) C Q.43) D Q.44) A Q.45) C
Q.46) C Q.47) B Q.48) A Q.49) A Q.50) C
Q.51) B Q.52) C Q.53) C Q.54) B Q.55) C
Q.56) C Q.57) B Q.58) A Q.59) A

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