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Integration Notes

Integration is the reverse of differentiation and is used to find areas under curves and solve differential equations. Common integrals and methods such as substitution and integration by parts are outlined, along with worked examples and multiple-choice questions for practice. The document serves as a comprehensive guide to the fundamentals of integration.

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123 views3 pages

Integration Notes

Integration is the reverse of differentiation and is used to find areas under curves and solve differential equations. Common integrals and methods such as substitution and integration by parts are outlined, along with worked examples and multiple-choice questions for practice. The document serves as a comprehensive guide to the fundamentals of integration.

Uploaded by

immaculateferdinand52
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

INTEGRATION NOTES

1. Basic Concept

Integration is the reverse of differentiation. It is used to find area under curves, accumulated quantities, and

solve differential equations.

Notation:

Integral of f(x) dx = F(x) + C

Where C is the constant of integration.

2. Common Integrals

Integral of x^n dx = (x^(n+1))/(n+1) + C, for n != -1

Integral of 1/x dx = ln|x| + C

Integral of e^x dx = e^x + C

Integral of a^x dx = a^x/ln(a) + C

Integral of sin x dx = -cos x + C

Integral of cos x dx = sin x + C

Integral of sec^2 x dx = tan x + C

Integral of csc^2 x dx = -cot x + C

3. Methods of Integration

- Substitution Method: Change of variable

- Integration by Parts: Integral of u dv = uv - Integral of v du

- Partial Fractions: For rational expressions

- Trigonometric Identities: Use identities to simplify

- Definite Integrals: Integral from a to b of f(x) dx = F(b) - F(a)

4. Worked Examples
INTEGRATION NOTES

Example 1:

Integral of x^3 dx = x^4/4 + C

Example 2:

Integral of (3x^2 + 2x + 1) dx = x^3 + x^2 + x + C

Example 3 (Substitution):

Integral of 2x cos(x^2) dx

Let u = x^2 -> du = 2x dx -> Integral of cos(u) du = sin(x^2) + C

Example 4 (Definite Integral):

Integral from 0 to 2 of x^2 dx = [x^3/3]_0^2 = 8/3

5. MCQs with Answers

1) Integral of sin x dx = ?

A. -cos x + C (Correct Answer)

B. cos x + C

C. tan x + C

D. sec x + C

2) Integral of e^x dx = ?

A. e^x + C (Correct Answer)

B. e^(x+1) + C

C. x^e + C

D. ln x + C

3) Which uses integration by parts?

A. Integral of x^2 dx
INTEGRATION NOTES

B. Integral of x ln x dx (Correct Answer)

C. Integral of sin x dx

D. Integral of 1/x dx

4) Integral from 1 to 3 of 2x dx = [x^2]_1^3 = 9 - 1 = 8 (Correct Answer)

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