PARAJUMBLES

Set-1
Directions (1-5): Below are Nine statements,
given in a random order. When these
statements are sequenced properly, they’ll
form a coherent and meaningful paragraph.
After completing the passage, read the
given passage carefully and answer the
questions that follow.
P. Binocular Telescope in Arizona (a)/ the discovery was made by a U. Astronomers have discovered a rare
team (b)/ led by the Italian National Institute for (c)/ imaging from galaxy that has remained virtually
the Large (d)/ Astrophysics, using high-resolution (e) unchanged for 7 billion years — offering a
Q. Relic galaxies, however, are exceptions. We define a relic as an remarkable window into the early universe
object that almost entirely missed this second phase, having formed and adding to a mysterious category of
at least 75% of its mass during the initial starburst, Spiniello said. objects known as fossil or relic galaxies.
R. What makes them even more intriguing is their mysterious V. First, there’s a rapid and intense burst
evolution. They formed when the universe was extremely young of star formation, producing a compact,
and, for reasons we still don’t fully understand, remained untouched dense object — the progenitor of what we
— they didn’t merge or interact with other systems. They stayed call a relic, she explained.
frozen in time. W. The second phase involves gradual
S. The galaxy, named KiDS J0842+0059, lies about 3 billion interactions and mergers with neighboring
light-years from Earth, making it the most distant relic galaxy ever galaxies, which significantly reshape their
found and the first identified beyond the local universe — the region structure, size, and star populations.
of space within roughly 1 billion light-years of Earth. X. According to Chiara Spiniello, a
T. These galaxies are incredibly old, compact, and dense — far coauthor of the study and a researcher at
more so than the Milky Way. They host billions of sun-like stars but the University of Oxford, massive galaxies
exhibit no signs of new star formation. They’re essentially inactive, typically form through a two-phase
serving as fossil records of the ancient universe, she added. process.
P. Binocular Telescope in Arizona (a)/ the discovery was S. The galaxy, named
made by a team (b)/ led by the Italian National Institute KiDS J0842+0059, lies
for (c)/ imaging from the Large (d)/ Astrophysics, using about 3 billion light-years
high-resolution (e) from Earth, making it the
most distant relic galaxy
Q. Relic galaxies, however, are exceptions. We define a
ever found and the first
relic as an object that almost entirely missed this second
identified beyond the local
phase, having formed at least 75% of its mass during the
universe — the region of
initial starburst, Spiniello said.
space within roughly 1
R. What makes them even more intriguing is their billion light-years of Earth.
mysterious evolution. They formed when the universe
was extremely young and, for reasons we still don’t fully
understand, remained untouched — they didn’t merge or
interact with other systems. They stayed frozen in time.
T. These galaxies are incredibly old, compact, and W. The second phase involves
dense — far more so than the Milky Way. They host gradual interactions and
billions of sun-like stars but exhibit no signs of new mergers with neighboring
star formation. They’re essentially inactive, serving galaxies, which significantly
as fossil records of the ancient universe, she added. reshape their structure, size,
and star populations.
U. Astronomers have discovered a rare galaxy that
has remained virtually unchanged for 7 billion years X. According to Chiara
— offering a remarkable window into the early Spiniello, a coauthor of the
universe and adding to a mysterious category of study and a researcher at the
objects known as fossil or relic galaxies. University of Oxford, massive
galaxies typically form through a
V. First, there’s a rapid and intense burst of star
two-phase process.
formation, producing a compact, dense object — the
progenitor of what we call a relic, she explained.
Question 1: (a) dbcea
Rearrange the parts of the sentence to (b) beacd
make the sentence coherent. (c) dacbe
P. Binocular Telescope in Arizona (a)/ the (d) bcead
discovery was made by a team (b)/ led
by the Italian National Institute for (c)/ (e) None of the above
imaging from the Large (d)/ Astrophysics,
using high-resolution (e)
Question 2: Which of the following sentence can come between (d) According to Chiara
the FIFTH and SEVENTH sentences after the rearrangement? Spiniello, a coauthor of
the study and a
(a) These galaxies are incredibly old, compact, and dense — far
researcher at the
more so than the Milky Way. They host billions of sun-like
University of Oxford,
stars but exhibit no signs of new star formation. They’re
massive galaxies
essentially inactive, serving as fossil records of the ancient
typically form through a
universe, she added.
two-phase process.
(b) The second phase involves gradual interactions and mergers
(e) None of the above
with neighboring galaxies, which significantly reshape their
structure, size, and star populations.
(c) Astronomers have discovered a rare galaxy that has
remained virtually unchanged for 7 billion years — offering a
remarkable window into the early universe and adding to a
mysterious category of objects known as fossil or relic
galaxies.
Question 3: (a) RP
Which of the following options is the pair of (b) SQ
the INTRODUCTORY statement and the
(c) XV
TERMINAL statement, respectively, after
the correct rearrangement? (d) UR
(e) None of the above
Question 4: (a) TV
Which of the following options is the (b) XP
pair of the Antipenultimate (c) QT
statement and the Penultimate
(d) PT
statement, respectively, after the
correct rearrangement? (e) None of the above
Question 5: (a) UPR
Which of the following combinations is the (b) XVW
combination of THREE CONSECUTIVE (c) PTS
statements after the correct
rearrangement? (d) XUR
(e) None of the above
Set-2
Directions (6-12): In the following paragraph
Twelve sentences which are in their jumbled
form are given. Further some of these
sentences have a highlighted part which may
or may not form a contextually meaningful
sentence. You have to swap the highlighted
part with the other to make a contextually
meaningful sentence and then rearrange
those sentences to make a contextually
meaningful paragraph.
V statement is fixed at the “Ninth” place.
M. New York City’s education department, for instance, initially banned ChatGPT in 2023 V. AI holds tremendous promise, but also
but later reversed its decision, launching an AI Policy Lab to explore how the technology presents significant challenges, said AFT
can be used responsibly in education. President Sam Weingarten in a
N. Weingarten emphasised that the academy will help ensure AI serves our students statement. It’s our responsibility as
and society but also how to use it safely, ethically, and effectively in the classroom. educators to educators not only
O. A coalition of major tech companies and teachers’ unions has launched a $23 million understand how AI works — not the
initiative to train 400,000 K-12 teachers in artificial intelligence over the next five years. other way around.
P. Beyond supporting education, the initiative may also benefit grading may blur the W. For example, some worry that
line between facilitating education from educators and introducing their AI tools into students using AI tools for assignments or
more classrooms nationwide, he also added. teachers using AI for lesson planning and
Q. As a result, school districts across the country have taken differing approaches — the tech companies involved by
some banning AI use altogether, while others are embracing its potential. providing direct feedback and
R. The launch comes at a time when educators, schools, and parents are actively compromising it.
debating how — or whether — AI should be integrated into classrooms. X. As part of the initiative, the group will
S. Such collaborations have previously proven advantageous — as seen with Google develop a comprehensive AI training
Chromebooks, which gained popularity in schools and are now a staple in many curriculum for educators, to be offered
classrooms across the U.S. both online and at an in-person campus
T. The project, called the National Academy of AI Instruction, was officially announced located in New York City.
on Tuesday. It is backed by Microsoft, OpenAI, Anthropic, the American Federation of
Teachers (AFT), and the United Federation of Teachers based in New York.
U. While many teachers see AI as a tool to reduce administrative burdens and enhance
student engagement, concerns remain over ethical boundaries, academic integrity, and
the impact on learning.
M. New York City’s education department, for instance, Q. As a result, school
initially banned ChatGPT in 2023 but later reversed its districts across the country
decision, launching an AI Policy Lab to explore how the have taken differing
technology can be used responsibly in education. approaches — some
banning AI use altogether,
N. Weingarten emphasised that the academy will help
while others are embracing
ensure AI serves our students and society but also how to
its potential.
use it safely, ethically, and effectively in the classroom.
R. The launch comes at a
O. A coalition of major tech companies and teachers’ unions
time when educators,
has launched a $23 million initiative to train 400,000 K-12
schools, and parents are
teachers in artificial intelligence over the next five years.
actively debating how — or
P. Beyond supporting education, the initiative may also whether — AI should be
benefit grading may blur the line between facilitating integrated into classrooms.
education from educators and introducing their AI tools into
more classrooms nationwide, he also added.
S. Such collaborations have previously proven advantageous — W. For example, some worry
as seen with Google Chromebooks, which gained popularity in that students using AI tools for
schools and are now a staple in many classrooms across the assignments or teachers using
U.S. AI for lesson planning and the
tech companies involved by
T. The project, called the National Academy of AI Instruction,
providing direct feedback and
was officially announced on Tuesday. It is backed by Microsoft,
compromising it.
OpenAI, Anthropic, the American Federation of Teachers (AFT),
and the United Federation of Teachers based in New York. X. As part of the initiative, the
group will develop a
U. While many teachers see AI as a tool to reduce
comprehensive AI training
administrative burdens and enhance student engagement,
curriculum for educators, to be
concerns remain over ethical boundaries, academic integrity,
offered both online and at an
and the impact on learning.
in-person campus located in
V. AI holds tremendous promise, but also presents significant New York City.
challenges, said AFT President Sam Weingarten in a statement.
It’s our responsibility as educators to educators not only
understand how AI works — not the other way around.
N. Weingarten emphasised that the academy will help (d) grading may blur
ensure AI serves our students and society but also how the line between
to use it safely, ethically, and effectively in the classroom. facilitating education
Question 6: (e) No correction
required.
Which of the following highlighted phrases should the
phrase “ensure AI serves our students and society”
interchanged with to make a contextually meaningful
sentence?
(a) a staple in many classrooms across the U.S.
(b) educators not only understand how AI works
(c) the tech companies involved by providing direct
feedback
W. For example, some worry that students using AI tools (d) educators not
for assignments or teachers using AI for lesson planning only understand how
and the tech companies involved by providing direct AI works
feedback and compromising it.
(e) No correction
Question 7: required.
Which of the following highlighted phrases should the
phrase “the tech companies involved by providing
direct feedback” interchanged with to make a contextually
meaningful sentence?
(a) grading may blur the line between facilitating education
(b) a staple in many classrooms across the U.S.
(c) ensure AI serves our students and society
S. Such collaborations have previously proven advantageous (d) grading may
— as seen with Google Chromebooks, which gained blur the line
popularity in schools and are now a staple in many between
classrooms across the U.S. facilitating
education
Question 8:
(e) No correction
Which of the following highlighted phrases should the phrase
required.
“a staple in many classrooms across the U.S.”
interchanged with to make a contextually meaningful
sentence?
(a) the tech companies involved by providing direct feedback
(b) ensure AI serves our students and society
(c) educators not only understand how AI works
Question 9: Which of the following sentence can come (d) For example, some
between the FIFTH and SEVENTH sentences after the worry that students using AI
rearrangement? tools for assignments or
teachers using AI for lesson
(a) While many teachers see AI as a tool to reduce
planning and the tech
administrative burdens and enhance student
companies involved by
engagement, concerns remain over ethical boundaries,
providing direct feedback
academic integrity, and the impact on learning.
and compromising it.
(b) New York City’s education department, for instance,
(e) None of the above
initially banned ChatGPT in 2023 but later reversed its
decision, launching an AI Policy Lab to explore how the
technology can be used responsibly in education.
(c) Such collaborations have previously proven
advantageous — as seen with Google Chromebooks,
which gained popularity in schools and are now a staple
in many classrooms across the U.S.
Question 10: (a) SR
Which of the following options is the (b) MN
pair of the INTRODUCTORY (c) OS
statement and the TERMINAL
(d) UW
statement, respectively, after the
correct rearrangement? (e) None of the above
Question 11: (a) NP
Which of the following options is the (b) UW
pair of the Antipenultimate statement (c) TX
and the Penultimate statement,
respectively, after the correct (d) UQ
rearrangement? (e) None of the above
Question 12: (a) VQN
Which of the following combinations (b) TPS
is the combination of THREE (c) RXT
CONSECUTIVE statements after the
(d) UWQ
correct rearrangement?
(e) None of the above
Set-3
Directions (13-17): Below are Twelve
statements, given in a random order. When
these statements are sequenced properly,
they’ll form a coherent and meaningful
paragraph. After completing the passage,
read the given passage carefully and
answer the questions that follow.
T statement is fixed at the “Eight” place.
M. While the system has been tested regionally on five occasions over the U. Liberal Democrat MP Sarah Olney
past few years, the nationwide trial in 2023 exposed several technical warned that the system could miss “millions
issues. of people — those without phones, signal, or
N. The government later confirmed that around 7% of compatible devices battery.” Meanwhile, Stafford MP Leigh
did not receive the message during that test. Ingham asked for reassurances that the
O. In response, McFadden noted that approximately 95% of the UK alerts would reliably reach residents in rural
population is currently covered by 4G or 5G networks, and said the areas.
government is working continuously with telecom providers to improve V. The alert system is designed to warn the
coverage and system performance. public about life-threatening emergencies,
P. Some people received alerts earlier than expected, others didn’t receive such as extreme weather events or terrorist
them at all, and a number of users got multiple notifications. Notably, many attacks.
customers on the Three network, as well as some on other providers, failed W. Addressing Parliament, McFadden said
to receive the alert. the alert system would play a critical role in
Q. The UK government has announced that it will conduct another test of preparing for various future emergencies.
its national emergency alert system for mobile phones this September. X. As part of the test, compatible phones
R. The Cabinet Office responded by promising to review the problems and across the UK will vibrate and emit a loud
address them before the next trial. siren-like sound for 10 seconds while
S. However, some MPs voiced concerns about coverage and accessibility. displaying a message at 15:00 BST on 7
T. Cabinet Office minister Pat McFadden compared the test to a routine fire September, even if the device is on silent
drill, stating: Just like the fire alarm in your house, it's important we test the mode.
system so that we know it will work if we need it.
M. While the system has been tested regionally on five Q. The UK government has
occasions over the past few years, the nationwide trial in announced that it will
2023 exposed several technical issues. conduct another test of its
national emergency alert
N. The government later confirmed that around 7% of
system for mobile phones
compatible devices did not receive the message during that
this September.
test.
R. The Cabinet Office
O. In response, McFadden noted that approximately 95% of
responded by promising to
the UK population is currently covered by 4G or 5G networks,
review the problems and
and said the government is working continuously with telecom
address them before the
providers to improve coverage and system performance.
next trial.
P. Some people received alerts earlier than expected, others
didn’t receive them at all, and a number of users got multiple
notifications. Notably, many customers on the Three network,
as well as some on other providers, failed to receive the alert.
S. However, some MPs voiced concerns about coverage W. Addressing Parliament,
and accessibility. McFadden said the alert system
would play a critical role in
T. Cabinet Office minister Pat McFadden compared the
preparing for various future
test to a routine fire drill, stating: Just like the fire alarm in
emergencies.
your house, it's important we test the system so that we
know it will work if we need it. X. As part of the test, compatible
phones across the UK will vibrate
U. Liberal Democrat MP Sarah Olney warned that the
and emit a loud siren-like sound
system could miss “millions of people — those without
for 10 seconds while displaying a
phones, signal, or battery.” Meanwhile, Stafford MP
message at 15:00 BST on 7
Leigh Ingham asked for reassurances that the alerts
September, even if the device is
would reliably reach residents in rural areas.
on silent mode.
V. The alert system is designed to warn the public about
life-threatening emergencies, such as extreme weather
events or terrorist attacks.
Question 13: (a) Only III
Which of the following is/ are the TRUE statement (b) Both I and II
(s) based on the given paragraph? (c) Both I and III
(d) Only I
I. McFadden promised that 100% of the population
(e) All I, II and III
will receive the alert in the next test.
II. The emergency alert will only be sent to phones
on the Three network.
III. The alert message will be displayed on
compatible phones even if they are set to silent
mode.
Question 14: (d) The alert system is
designed to warn the
Which of the following sentence can come between the
public about
Thrid and Fifth sentences after the rearrangement?
life-threatening
emergencies, such as
(a) The UK government has announced that it will extreme weather events or
conduct another test of its national emergency alert terrorist attacks.
system for mobile phones this September. (e) None of the above
(b) Addressing Parliament, McFadden said the alert
system would play a critical role in preparing for
various future emergencies.
(c) While the system has been tested regionally on five
occasions over the past few years, the nationwide
trial in 2023 exposed several technical issues.
Question 15: (a) NR
Which of the following options is the (b) XP
pair of the INTRODUCTORY statement (c) MN
and the TERMINAL statement,
respectively, after the correct (d) QO
rearrangement? (e) None of the above
Question 16: (a) XV
Which of the following options is the (b) SU
pair of the Antipenultimate (c) VO
statement and the Penultimate
(d) MW
statement, respectively, after the
correct rearrangement? (e) None of the above
Question 17: (a) OPS
Which of the following combinations (b) VMU
is the combination of THREE (c) PNR
CONSECUTIVE statements after
(d) TWX
the correct rearrangement?
(e) None of the above