Coordinate Geometry 1

CHAPTER
Coordinate Geometry 7
YOURSELF SOLUTIONS

1. We have, P(–6, 3) and Q(–1, –4)

and CA = ( −2 − 4 )2 + ( 3 + 3)2 = 36 + 36 = 6 2 units
Using distance formula, we get
PQ = ( −1 + 6 )2 + ( −4 − 3)2 = 25 + 49 = 74 units Now , as AB + BC = 4 2 + 2 2 = 6 2 units
i.e., AB + BC = CA
2. We have, P(a + b, a – b) and Q(a – b, –a –b) \ A, B and C are collinear points.
∴ PQ = [( a − b ) − ( a + b )]2 + [( − a − b ) − ( a − b )]2  5
6. Let A( 3 , 2 ), B  4 ,  and C ( 5 , 3) are given points.
 2
= ( a − b − a − b )2 + ( − a − b − a + b )2
Using distance formula, we have
2
= 4b 2 + 4 a2 = 2 a2 + b 2 units 5  1 5 5
AB = ( 4 − 3)2 +  − 2  = 1+ = = units
2  4 4 2
3. Let P(x, –2) and Q(3, 2) be the given points.
Then, we have PQ = 5 [Given] 2
 5 1 5 5
BC = ( 5 − 4 )2 +  3 −  = 1+ = = units
∴ 2 2
(3 − x) + (2 + 2) = 5  2 4 4 2

⇒ (3 – x)2 + 16 = 25 [Squaring both sides] and AC = ( 5 − 3)2 + ( 3 − 2 )2 = 4 + 1 = 5 units

⇒ x2 + 9 – 6x + 16 = 25 5 5
Now , as AB + BC = + = 5 units = AC
⇒ x2 – 6x = 0 ⇒ x(x – 6) = 0 2 2
⇒ x = 0 or x = 6 \ The given points are collinear.
4. Using distance formula, we have Hence proved.
7. Given, point P(x, y) is equidistant from the points
AB = (6 − 3)2 + (0 − 5)2 = 9 + 25 = 34 units
A(6, 1) and B(1, 6)
\ AP = PB ⇒ AP2 = PB2
BC = (1 − 6 )2 + ( −3 − 0 )2 = 25 + 9 = 34 units
⇒ (x – 6)2 + (y –1)2 = (x – 1)2 + (y – 6)2
⇒ x2 + 36 – 12x + y2 + 1 – 2y = x2 + 1 – 2x + y2 + 36 – 12y
CD = ( −2 − 1)2 + ( 2 + 3)2 = 9 + 25 = 34 units
⇒ –10x = –10y ⇒ x = y
DA = ( 3 + 2 )2 + ( 5 − 2 )2 = 25 + 9 = 34 units Hence proved.
8. Given, A(a + b, b – a) and B(a –b, a + b) are equidistant
Diagonal, AC = (1 − 3)2 + ( −3 − 5)2 from P(x, y).
\ AP = PB ⇒ (AP)2 = (PB)2
= 4 + 64 = 68 units ⇒ [x – (a + b)]2 + [y – (b – a)]2 = [x – (a – b)]2 +
[y – (a + b)]2
and Diagonal, BD = ( −2 − 6 )2 + ( 2 − 0 )2 2 2 2 2
⇒ x + (a + b) – 2(a + b)x + y + (b – a) – 2(b – a)y
= 64 + 4 = 68 units = x2 + (a – b)2 – 2(a – b)x + y2 + (a + b)2 –2(a + b)y
Since, AB = BC = CD = DA i.e., all the sides of given ⇒ –2[(a + b)x + (b – a)y] = –2[(a – b)x + (a + b)y]
quadrilateral are equal in length and also, AC = BD i.e., ⇒ (a + b)x + (b – a)y = (a – b)x + (a + b)y
diagonal are of same length. ⇒ (a + b – a + b)x = (a + b – b + a)y
Therefore, the given points are the vertices of a square ⇒ 2bx = 2ay or bx = ay
ABCD. Hence proved.
Hence proved. 9. Let P be (0, y), which is equidistant from A(4, 8) and
5. Using distance formula, we have B(–6, 6).
\ AP = PB ⇒ AP2 = PB2
AB = ( 2 + 2 )2 + ( −1 − 3)2 = 16 + 16 = 4 2 units ⇒ (4 – 0)2 + (8 – y)2 = (0 + 6)2 + (y – 6)2
⇒ 16 + 64 + y2 – 16y = 36 + y2 + 36 – 12y
BC = ( 4 − 2 )2 + ( −3 + 1)2 = 4 + 4 = 8 = 2 2 units ⇒ 80 – 16y = 72 – 12y
2 100 PERCENT Mathematics Class-10
⇒ 4y = 8 ⇒ y = 2 ⇒ –15k + 15 = 3k + 3 and –10k + 25 = 11k + 11
\ Coordinates of P are (0, 2). 2
⇒ –18k = –12 and –21k = –14 ⇒ k =
Now, AP = (4 − 0)2 + (8 − 2)2 3
2
= 16 + 36 = 52 = 2 13 units Hence, the ratio is : 1 i.e., 2 : 3.
3
10. Let the point P(0, y) divides the line segment joining 14. Let coordinates of the point A be (x, y) and O is the
the points A(5, –6) and B(–1, –4) in the ratio k : 1. mid-point of AB.
Using section formula, we have coordinates of P are Using mid-point formula, we have
 − k + 5 −4 k − 6  x+3 y+4
 ,  −2 = and 2 =
k+1 k+1 . 2 2
Since, x-coordinate of P is zero ⇒ –4 = x + 3 and 4 = y + 4 (x, y)
−k + 5 ⇒ x = –7 and y = 0
∴ =0 ⇒ −k+5=0 ⇒ k=5 \ Coordinates of A are (–7, 0).
k+1
Hence, the point P divides the line segment in the ratio 15. Let A(–1, 0), B(3, 1), C(2, 2) and D(x, y) be the vertices
5 : 1. of a parallelogram, ABCD taken in order.
−4( 5) − 6 −20 − 6 −26 −13 Q The diagonals of parallelogram bisect each other.
Also, y-coordinate of P = = = = \ Mid-point of AC = Mid-point of BD
5+1 5+1 6 3
 −13   −1 + 2 0 + 2   3 + x 1 + y 
∴ Coordinates of P are  0 , ⇒  , = , 
 .  2 2   2 2 
3 
1  3+x 1+ y 3+x 1 1+ y
⇒  , 1 =  ,  ⇒ = and =1
11. Let P(x, y) divides the line segment joining the 2   2 2  2 2 2
points A(6, 3) and B(–4, 5) in the ratio 3 : 2 ⇒ 3 + x = 1 and 1 + y = 2 ⇒ x = –2 and y = 1
3 2 Hence, the coordinates of fourth vertex is (–2, 1)
A(6, 3) P(x, y) B(–4, 5)
16. Let D, E and F be the A(7,–3)
Using section formula, we have mid-point of the sides BC,
 3 × ( −4 ) + 2 × 6 3 × 5 + 2 × 3  CA and AB respectively.
(x , y ) =  ,  F(6,0) E(5,–2)
 3+2 3+2 Then, the coordinates of
 −12 + 12 15 + 6   21  D, E and F are
= ,  =  0, 
 5 5   5  5 + 3 3 − 1
D , = D (4, 1), B(5,3) D(4,1) C(3,–1)
 2 2 
12. Let P(–3, p) divides the line segment joining the
points A(–5, –4) and B(–2, 3) in the ratio k : 1.  3 + 7 −1 − 3 
E=  , = E(5, –2)
Using section formula, 2 2 
 −2 k − 5 3k − 4   7 + 5 −3 + 3 
Coordinates of P are  ,  and F , = F(6, 0)
 k+1 k+1   2 2 
But, coordinates of P are given as (–3, p). \ AD = (7 − 4 )2 + ( −3 − 1)2 = 9 + 16 = 5 units;
−2 k − 5 3k − 4
∴ = −3 and =p BE = ( 5 − 5)2 + ( −2 − 3)2 = 0 + 25 = 5 units and
k+1 k+1
⇒ –2k – 5 = –3k – 3 ⇒ k = 2 CF = ( 6 − 3)2 + ( 0 + 1)2 = 9 + 1 = 10 units
3×2−4 6−4 2 \ Lengths of medians of DABC are 5 units, 5 units and
Now, p = = = 10 units.
2+1 3 3
2 17. Let D(2, –1) and E(0, –1) be the mid-point of AB and
Hence, the ratio is 2 : 1 and p =
3 A(1, –4)
13. Let the ratio be k : 1. AC respectively.
k:1 Let coordinates of B and C are
A C B (x1, y1) and (x2, y2)
(3, 5) (3/5, 11/5) (–3, –2) D(2, –1) E(0, –1)
respectively.
Using section formula, we have coordinates of C are \ Mid-point of AB
 −3 k + 3 −2 k + 5   x + 1 y1 − 4 
 ,  = 1 , 
k+1 k+1   2 2  B(x1, y1) C(x2, y2)
3 11
But, coordinates of C are given as  ,  .  x + 1 y1 − 4 
⇒ ( 2 , −1) =  1 ,  (Given)
5 5   2 2 
−3k + 3 3 −2 k + 5 11 x +1 y −4
∴ = and = ⇒ 2= 1 and − 1 = 1
k+1 5 k+1 5 2 2
Coordinate Geometry 3
⇒ 4 = x1 + 1 and –2 = y1 – 4 ⇒ x1 = 3 and y1 = 2 22. We have, A(3, 0), B(7,0) and C(8,4)
\ Coordinates of B are (3, 2).
\ Area of DABC = 1 [ 3(0 − 4 ) + 7( 4 − 0 ) + 8(0 − 0 )]
 1 + x2 −4 + y 2  2
Now, mid-point of AC =  ,  1 1
 2 2  = [−12 + 28 + 0] = (16) = 8 sq. units
 1 + x2 −4 + y 2  2 2
⇒ ( 0 , −1) =  ,  (Given) 23. The points A(9, k), B(4, –2) and C(3, –3) are collinear.
 2 2 
1 + x2 −4 + y 2 \ Area of DABC = 0
⇒ 0= and − 1 = 1
2 2 ⇒ [9( −2 + 3) + 4( −3 − k ) + 3( k + 2 )] = 0
⇒ x2 + 1 = 0 and –2 = –4 + y2 ⇒ x2 = –1 and y2 = 2 2
⇒ [9 – 12 – 4k + 3k + 6] = 0
\ Coordinates of C are (–1, 2).
⇒ [3 – k] = 0 ⇒ k = 3
3−1 2+2
Now, mid-point of BC =  ,  = (1, 2 ). 24. Let A(x1, y1) = (1, –4), B(x2, y2) and C(x3, y3) be the
 2 2  vertices of DABC.
18. Let P(x1, y1) and Q(x2, y2) divides AB into three equal Since, D(2, –1) is the mid-point of AB.
parts. 1 + x2 −4 + y 2
\ 2= and −1 =
A P Q B 2 2
(2, –2) (–7, 4) ⇒ x2 = 4 – 1 = 3
and y2 = –2 + 4 = 2
\ P divides AB in the ratio 1 : 2 \ B(x2, y2) = (3, 2)
Using section formula, we have Also, E(0, –1) is the mid-
 −7 + 4 4 − 4   −3  point of AC. B (x 2, y2)
( x1 , y 1 ) =  , = , 0 = ( −1, 0 ) C(x3, y3)
 1 + 2 1 + 2   3  1 + x3 −4 + y 3
∴ 0= and − 1 =
\ Coordinates of P are (–1, 0) 2 2
⇒ x3 = –1 and y3 = –2 + 4 = 2
Also, Q divides AB in the ratio 2 : 1.
⇒ C(x3, y3) = (–1, 2)
Using section formula, we have
Now, area of DABC
 −14 + 2 8 − 2   −12 6 
( x2 , y 2 ) =  , = , = ( −4 , 2 ) 1
 2 + 1 2 + 1   3 3  = [1(2 − 2) + 3(2 + 4) + (−1)(−4 − 2)]
2
\ Coordinates of Q are (–4, 2). 1 1
= [0 + 18 + 6] = × 24 = 12 sq. units
19. Let G(x, y) be the centroid of triangle. 2 2
 −2 + 4 + 4 3 − 3 + 5   6 5   5  25. We have, A(–3, 2), B(5, 4), C(7, –6) and D(–5, –4)
\ (x, y) =  ,  =  ,  =  2 , 
 3 3 3 3 3 D(–5, –4) C(7, –6)
20. Let G be the centroid of triangle.
 −1 + 0 − 5 3 + 4 + 2 
\ Centroid of DABC (G) =  , 
 3 3
 −6 9  A(–3, 2) B(5, 4)
=  ,  = ( −2 , 3)
 3 3
Let us join diagonal AC.
Since, G lies on the median x – 2y + k = 0 1
So, coordinates of G must satisfy the equation of median. Area of ∆ABC = [ −3( 4 + 6 ) + 5( −6 − 2 ) + 7( 2 − 4 )]
2
\ –2 – 2 × 3 + k = 0 ⇒ –2 – 6 + k = 0 ⇒ k = 8 1
= [ −3 × 10 + 5 × ( −8) + 7( −2 )]
21. Let C(x, y) be the third vertex. 2
1 −84
5 1 = [ −30 − 40 − 14 ] = = −42
Given, centroid of D ABC, (G ) =  , −  2 2
3 3
Since area of triangle cannot be negative
 3 − 2 + x 2 + 1 + y   5 −1  \ Area of DABC = 42 sq.units
⇒  ,  =  , 
3 3 3 3 1
Area of ∆ACD = [ −3( −6 − ( −4 )) + 7( −4 − 2 ) − 5( 2 − ( −6 ))]
 1 + x 3 + y   5 −1  2
⇒  , = ,  1 1 −76
3 3  3 3  = [ −3( −2 ) + 7( −6 ) − 5(8)] = [6 − 42 − 40 ] = = −38
2 2 2
1+x 5 3 + y −1 Since area of triangle cannot be negative
⇒ = and =
3 3 3 3 \ Area of DACD = 38 sq.units
⇒ 1 + x = 5 and 3 + y = –1 Now, area of quadrilateral ABCD
⇒ x = 4 and y = –4 = Area of DABC + Area of DACD = 42 sq.units
Hence, coordinates of C are (4, –4).  + 38 sq.units = 80 sq.units
4 100 PERCENT Mathematics Class-10
26. Let A(1, 2), B(–5, 6), D(k, –2) C(7, –4) 27. Since, diagonals of parallelogram divides it into two
C(7, –4) and D(k, –2) be the congruent triangles.
D C(2, 6)
vertices of quadrilateral
ABCD.
A(1, –2) B(–5, 6)
Let us join diagonal AC.
Area of quadrilateral ABCD = Area of DABC
A(2, 4) B( 2 + 3 , 5 )
 + Area of DACD
1 \ Area of DABC = Area of DACD.
⇒ [ 1( 6 − ( −4 )) + ( −5 )( −4 − 2 ) + 7 ( 2 − 6 )]
2 \ Area of parallelogram ABCD = 2(Area of DABC)
1 1
 + [( −4 − ( −2 )) + 7 ( −2 − 2 ) + k ( 2 − ( −4 ))] = 0 = 2 × [ 2( 5 − 6 ) + ( 2 + 3 )(6 − 4 ) + 2( 4 − 5)]
2 2
1 1
⇒ [ 10 + 30 − 28 ] + [ −2 − 28 + 6 k ] = 0 = 2( −1) + ( 2 + 3 )( 2 ) + 2( −1)
2 2
⇒ 6 – 15 + 3k = 0 ⇒ 3k = 9 ⇒ k = 3 = −2 + 4 + 2 3 − 2 = 2 3 sq.units
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