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Introduction To Digital Logic & Number Systems

The document provides an introduction to digital logic and number systems, emphasizing the use of binary values (0 and 1) in electronic systems. It covers key concepts such as binary number systems, logic gates, Boolean algebra, and truth tables, highlighting their importance in computing and circuit design. Additionally, it discusses various applications of logic gates in everyday technology and systems.

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113 views13 pages

Introduction To Digital Logic & Number Systems

The document provides an introduction to digital logic and number systems, emphasizing the use of binary values (0 and 1) in electronic systems. It covers key concepts such as binary number systems, logic gates, Boolean algebra, and truth tables, highlighting their importance in computing and circuit design. Additionally, it discusses various applications of logic gates in everyday technology and systems.

Uploaded by

asasiivaor
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL

LOGIC & NUMBER SYSTEMS


COMPUTER ORGANIZATION & ARCHITECTURE
UNIT-I
WHAT IS DIGITAL LOGIC?

Foundation of electronic systems


Uses binary values (0 and 1) to represent
and process data
Central to computing and circuit design
Defined as a fundamental concept in
electronics and computer science that
utilizes binary signals (0s and 1s) to
perform logical operations and make
decisions
BINARY NUMBER SYSTEMS
A base -2 numeral system that uses only two digit: 0 and 1
Each digit is called a bit
Each bit carries a weight based on its position , with the right-
most bit being the least significant
Basis for digital computation where binary numbers represent
data and instructions
Example:
Binary 1011= Decimal 11
BINARY NUMBER SYSTEMS

1) Convert the following decimal numbers to binary:


8, 45, 255, 1024
2) Convert the following binary numbers to decimal:
a) 10
b) 101
c) 1110
d) 10011
LOGIC GATES

Used to perform basic logical function


Inputs and outputs are in binary
Fundamental building blocks of digital circuits used to
perform logical operations on binary inputs to produce a
single binary output
Types: AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR, XNOR
BASIC LOGIC GATES
AND: output is 1 only if all inputs are 1

OR : output is 1 if atleast one input is 1

NOT: inverts the input


BOOLEAN ALGEBRA
Mathematical representation of logic used to analyze and
simplify digital circuits
It deals with Boolean values i.e., TRUE and FALSE, typically
represented as 1 and 0 in computers
Uses variables (A,B,P,Q, etc) that represent binary values
Operations:
AND (.) : A . B
OR (+) : A + B
NOT (‘) : ‘A , ‘B
BOOLEAN LAWS & PROPERTIES
Each law has 2 forms that are duals of each other
TRUTH TABLES
A truth table lists all possible input combinations and
corresponding outputs
Essential for understanding gate functions
TRUTH TABLES
NAND gate is the inverse of AND gate. Output will be 0 when all inputs
are 1, otherwise output will be 1.
NOR gate is the inverse of OR gate. Output will be 1 when all inputs are
0, otherwise output will be 0.
XOR gate outputs 1 if exactly one of its input is 1. If both inputs are same
then output will be 0.
XNOR gate is the inverse of XOR gate. If both inputs are same then
output will be 1 otherwise output will be 0.
APPLICATIONS OF LOGIC GATES

Used in calculators, computers, digital watches


Found in decision making systems and digital circuits
Examples :
 Entering a PIN/ swiping a key card- Logic: Acess= A AND B
 Temperature sensor fan- Logic: Fan = A OR B
 Alarm system of door – Logic: Alarm=NOT (Door_Closed)
SUMMARY
SUMMARY

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