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Hardware Protection Circuits

The document outlines various hardware protection circuits, including power supply, current, signal integrity, electromagnetic, system level, and advanced protection methods. It details specific protection techniques such as reverse polarity, overvoltage, undervoltage, and surge protection, along with their components and characteristics. The document serves as a comprehensive guide for implementing protective measures in electronic circuits to prevent damage from various electrical faults.

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pavankulkarni88
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122 views3 pages

Hardware Protection Circuits

The document outlines various hardware protection circuits, including power supply, current, signal integrity, electromagnetic, system level, and advanced protection methods. It details specific protection techniques such as reverse polarity, overvoltage, undervoltage, and surge protection, along with their components and characteristics. The document serves as a comprehensive guide for implementing protective measures in electronic circuits to prevent damage from various electrical faults.

Uploaded by

pavankulkarni88
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Hardware Protection Circuits

HW Protection Circuit

TABLE OF CONTENT
Power Supply Protection ......................................................................................................................... 3

Reverse Polarity Protection 3


Overvoltage Protection (DC Input) 4
Undervoltage Lockout Protection 5
Power Sequencing Protection 6
Current Protection ....................................................................................................................................... 7

Overcurrent Protection 7
Short Circuit Protection 8
Inrush Current Limiting 9
Reverse Current Protection 10
Signal Integrity Protection ................................................................................................................... 11

Static Discharge (ESD) Protection 11


Input Pin Overvoltage Protection 12
Cross-talk Prevention 13
Data Line Protection 14
Electromagnetics ...................................................................................................................................... 15

Power Supply Spike Protection 15


High Frequency Noise Filtering 16
Input Filter Protection 17
System Level Protection ....................................................................................................................... 18

Inductive Kickback Protection 18


Hot-Plugging Protection 19
Advanced Protection ............................................................................................................................... 20

High-Energy Surge Protection 20


Isolation Protection 21
Watchdog Protection 22

2
HW Protection Circuit

POWER SUPPLY PROTECTION

Prevents damage from incorrect power connection polarity.

When power connectors are wired backwards, reverse polarity can destroy ICs
instantly. Protection circuits block reverse current while allowing forward current.

• Schottky Diode: Low forward drop (0.2-0.4V), fast switching


• P-Channel MOSFET: Near-zero voltage drop, higher efficiency
• Ideal Diode Controller: Active rectification with minimal loss

Protection Method Voltage Drop Power Loss Cost Complexity


Schottky Diode 0.2-0.4V High Low Simple
P-Channel MOSFET <0.1V Very Low Medium Medium
Ideal Diode IC <0.05V Minimal High Complex

Battery Protection Circuit


Circuit
BAT in → [PMOS + Zener] → BAT out
Components
• PMOS
• Zener Diode

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