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• Source encoder compresses message to remove redundancy
• Encryption protects against eavesdroppers and false messages
• Channel encoder adds redundancy for error protection
• Modulator coverts digital inputs to signals suitable for physical channel
1
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2
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Noise in Communications
3
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Signal to Noise Ratio
Where P is average power and A is RMS amplitude
Analog vs. Digital Signals
4
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Sampling and Quantization - I
Sampling and Quantization - I
10
5
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Sampling and Quantization - I
11
Digital Transmission and Regeneration
12
6
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Channel Errors
13
Pulse Code Modulation (PCM)
14
7
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Performance Metrics
15
Channel Capacity and Data Rate
16
8
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Example
17
Milestones in
Communications
18
9
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Milestones in
Communications
19
10