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Structure and Function of Human Heart

The human heart is a fist-sized muscular organ divided into four chambers: two atria and two ventricles, with valves that ensure one-way blood flow. It functions to pump blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients while removing waste, and plays a role in maintaining blood pressure and regulating body temperature. Key structures include the septum, pericardium, myocardium, endocardium, and coronary arteries.

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Faiza Yasmeen
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134 views5 pages

Structure and Function of Human Heart

The human heart is a fist-sized muscular organ divided into four chambers: two atria and two ventricles, with valves that ensure one-way blood flow. It functions to pump blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients while removing waste, and plays a role in maintaining blood pressure and regulating body temperature. Key structures include the septum, pericardium, myocardium, endocardium, and coronary arteries.

Uploaded by

Faiza Yasmeen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Q: Discuss structure and function of human heart?

Answer:

The human heart is a muscular organ, roughly the

size of a fist, that functions as a pump to circulate

blood throughout the body. It's divided into four

chambers: two atria (upper chambers) and two

ventricles (lower chambers). The heart also has

valves that ensure one-way blood flow and a

network of arteries and veins that regulate blood

flow.

Structure:

Four Chambers: The heart has two atria (right and


left) and two ventricles (right and left).

Septum: A muscular wall called the septum divides

the heart into right and left sides.

Valves: Four valves (tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral, and

aortic) control blood flow between chambers and

out to the body.

Pericardium: A protective sac called the pericardium

surrounds the heart.

Myocardium: The heart muscle, or myocardium, is

the thickest layer.

Endocardium: The inner lining of the heart is the

endocardium.
Coronary Arteries: These arteries supply oxygen-rich

blood to the heart muscle.

Function:

Pumping Blood:

The heart pumps blood to deliver oxygen and

nutrients to the body and remove waste products.

Right Heart:

The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood and

pumps it to the right ventricle, which then pumps it

to the lungs for oxygenation.

Left Heart:

The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the


lungs and pumps it to the left ventricle, which then

pumps it to the rest of the body.

Blood Circulation:

The heart's pumping action creates a continuous

flow of blood through the circulatory system, which

includes arteries, veins, and capillaries.

Maintaining Blood Pressure:

The heart's pumping action also helps maintain

blood pressure, ensuring adequate blood flow to all

parts of the body.

Other Functions:

The heart also plays a role in regulating body


temperature and hormone distribution, according to

MedicineNet and Vedantu.

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