Q1: What is PHP and Dynamic Website?
PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) is a widely-used open-source scripting language designed for web
development and server-side programming. It is embedded within HTML to create dynamic and
interactive web pages. A dynamic website is one where content is generated in real-time based on
user interaction or data fetched from a database. PHP enables such websites by allowing
developers to connect with databases, handle form data, create sessions, and display content
dynamically. Unlike static websites, dynamic websites update automatically without altering the
HTML code manually, making them ideal for blogs, forums, e-commerce sites, and social networks.
Q2: Explain user-defined function in PHP with code snippet.
User-defined functions in PHP allow developers to organize reusable blocks of code for performing
specific tasks. They improve code reusability, readability, and modularity. A function is defined using
the `function` keyword, followed by a name and a set of parentheses which can accept parameters.
Example:
<?php
function greetUser($name) {
echo "Hello, " . $name . "!";
greetUser("Aman");
?>
In this example, `greetUser` is a user-defined function that accepts a name and prints a greeting
message. These functions help in breaking complex programs into smaller, manageable parts.
Q3: Define Array in PHP and give example.
An array in PHP is a data structure that stores multiple values in a single variable. Arrays are useful
for managing lists of items like numbers, strings, or objects. PHP supports three types of arrays:
indexed arrays, associative arrays, and multidimensional arrays.
Example:
<?php
$fruits = array("Apple", "Banana", "Mango");
echo $fruits[1]; // Outputs: Banana
?>
Here, `$fruits` is an indexed array containing fruit names. Arrays are versatile and support
operations like looping, sorting, and filtering.
Q4: What are loops and their syntax? Example in PHP?
Loops in PHP are used to execute a block of code repeatedly under a certain condition. PHP
supports four types of loops: `for`, `while`, `do...while`, and `foreach`. Loops reduce code
redundancy and make iterations easier.
Example using for loop:
<?php
for ($i = 1; $i <= 5; $i++) {
echo "Number: $i<br>";
?>
This loop prints numbers 1 to 5. The syntax includes initialization, condition, and
increment/decrement within the parentheses.
Q5: Explain conditional statements in PHP language.
Conditional statements in PHP allow decision-making in programs by executing specific blocks of
code based on certain conditions. The main conditional statements include `if`, `if...else`,
`if...elseif...else`, and `switch`.
Example:
<?php
$age = 18;
if ($age >= 18) {
echo "You are eligible to vote.";
} else {
echo "You are not eligible.";
?>
Here, the program checks if a user's age is 18 or more and returns a message accordingly.
Q6: Explain built-in functions in PHP with example.
Built-in functions in PHP are predefined functions provided by the language to perform common
tasks like string manipulation, date formatting, array operations, and more. These functions save
development time and ensure efficient coding.
Example:
<?php
$name = "aman";
echo strtoupper($name); // Outputs: AMAN
?>
The `strtoupper()` function is a built-in string function that converts text to uppercase. PHP offers
thousands of such functions for various tasks.
