7A Key Questions
1. Identify and highlight the alkane/s
a. C4H8
b. C7H12
c. C6H14
d. C6H12
2. State the functional groups in the compound below.
3. Identify whether the following statements about cyclohexane and benzene are True or False
Statement T/F
Both have the same average bond strength between their carbon atoms.
Both are members of the same homologous series.
Each carbon in cyclohexane has one more valence electron than each carbon in
benzene.
4. Complete the following table
Structural formula Name of Semi-structural formula Skeletal Name of
homologous (condensed formula) structure functional group
series
CH3CH2CHOHCHClCH3
5. P.S. Magnesium was heated in a crucible over a Bunsen burner flame in the presence of air, which is
composed of 78 % nitrogen gas, N2, and 21 % oxygen gas, O2. With reference to item 11 in the Data book,
explain why this method produced magnesium oxide and not magnesium nitride.
7B Key Questions
1. Name the following organic molecules
CH3CΞCH CH3CHNH2CH2CH3
CH3CH2CH(CH3)2 CH3COCH3
CH2ClCHBrCH3 C6H5Cl
CH2OH(CH2)2C(CH3)3 CH3COOCH(CH3)CH2CH3
2. Draw all of the possible isomers of chlorobutanol using skeletal structure.
3. Explain the difference in boiling points of CH3CH2COOCH3 and CH3(CH)2COOH which are 79.8 °C and 163.5 °C
respectively.
4. Describe whether the viscosity of ethylpropanoate would differ from the viscosity of butylheptanoate. Justify
your response.
8A Key Questions
1. Draw the isomers produced from the hydration of propene.
2. Identify one possible isomer for the unknown substance by writing its structural formula and IUPAC name in
the box provided.
3. Write the IUPAC name for the molecule represented by the semi-structural formula in the box provided.
Identify the reagent/s and/or conditions needed to convert 3-chloropentane to CH3CH2CHNH2CH2CH3 by
writing the chemical formula/s and/or conditions in the box provided.
4. Identify the reagent/s needed to convert propene to 2-chloropropane by writing the chemical formula/s in
the box provided. In the box provided write the semi-structural formula and IUPAC name for the unknown
-
product produced by the substitution reaction between 2-chloropropane and OH .
5. Write the IUPAC name for starting substance in the box provided.
Write the structural formula for 3-methylbutan-1-ol in the box provided.
Write the IUPAC name for the intermediate in the pathway between CH2=CHCH(CH3)CH3 and 3-methylbutan-1-ol.
Identify the reagent/s needed to convert CH2=CHCH(CH3)CH3 and 3-methylbutan-1-ol by writing the chemical
formula/s in the boxes provided.
6. Prepare an annotated flow chart to show the steps that are required to prepare a sample of pure
propylpropanoate using only a pure sample of the alcohol as the starting reagent. Include any reagents that
are used in the synthesis.
Problem solving
7. Determine the compound which reacts with salicylic acid to form aspirin and show the reaction conditions.
8. In the box provided, write the condensed formula and the IUPAC name for the molecule produced during the
reaction to convert the pro-drug estradiol valeriate to estradiol. Identify the reagent/s and/or conditions
needed to convert estradiol valeriate to estradiol.
+
9. Alcohol dehydrogenase is an enzyme in the body that catalyses the oxidation of ethanol by reducing NAD to
NADH. Write the structural formula of ethanol and ethanal in the boxes provided.
8B Key Questions
1. As the first step of a synthesis of ethanoic acid, 10.325 g of ethane gas was reacted with chlorine gas in
the presence of UV light. 11.643 g of chloroethane was obtained.
a. Calculate the percentage yield of chloroethane.
b. The overall synthesis of ethanoic acid was found to have a 39.15% yield. Calculate the mass of
ethanoic acid obtained.
2. An alternative reaction pathway for the synthesis of ethanoic acid can be summarised as:
ethene → ethanol 90% yield
ethanol → ethanal 75% yield
ethanal → ethanoic acid 70% yield
Calculate the overall percentage yield for the production of ethanoic acid if it proceeds by a three-step synthesis.
3. Consider the industrial production of propan‐1‐amine.
a. Write a reaction pathway for its production from propane via 1‐chloropropane.
b. Calculate the atom economy of the reaction.
c. Compare this with the atom economy of its production from propene via 1‐chloropropane.
4. Glycolic acid (shown below) is naturally derived from sugarcane and is the monomer used to form the
thermoplastic polymer, polyglycolide, that has numerous biomedical applications.
a. Show how to molecules of glycolic acid would react in the first step of polymerisation to form
polyglycolide.
b. Describe how the use of polyglycolide aligns with Green chemistry principles.
Key Questions
-1
1. A triglyceride with a molar mass of 884 gmol is formed by reacting glycerol with an excess of linoleic
acid.
a. Calculate the mass of I2 in grams that would be needed to completely react with 1.00g of the
triglyceride.
b. If the lipid had been made from oleic acid, C18H34O2, would the mass of I2 be more or less
than your answer in part a? Justify.
2. A reaction pathway begins with 1-chloropentane.
a. 1-chloropentane is reacted with NaOH to produce Compound L. Write the skeletal structure in the
box provided.
b. C3H6 reacts with H2O in the presence of a H3PO4 catalyst to produce compound M. Write the
semi-structural formula for Compound M in the box provided.
c. Pentanoic acid is reacted with Compound M to form Compound N in the presence of concentrated
sulfuric acid, H2SO4 (l). Write the IUPAC name of compound N in the box provided.
d. Select a qualitative test to determine whether all of the C3H8 had reacted with H2O to produce
compound M. Describe the expected observation(s)
e. Select a qualitative test to determine whether all of the pentanoic acid had been converted to
Compound N following reaction with Compound M in the presence of H2SO4 (l). Describe the
expected observation(s) that would confirm this.
3. A student was given the task of identifying a liquid organic compound that contains only carbon,
hydrogen and oxygen. The following tests were carried out
Procedure Result
Test 1 Some brown Br2(aq) was added to a A reaction occurred and a colourless
sample of the compound. product formed.
Test 2 Some Na2CO3(s) was added to a sample of A reaction occurred and a colourless
the compound. gas was evolved.
Based on the above test results, provide a justification about whether the compound could be butanoic acid,
but-2-enoic acid or prop-2-enyl methanoate.
