SOLUTIONS TO “APPLIED CIRCUIT ANALYSIS”

CHAPTER 3

Prob. 3.1

W 2600
P   0.3611 W
t 2  60  60

Prob. 3.2

W 560
P   1.167 W
t 8  60

Prob. 3.3

t = W/P = 280/7 = 40 s

Prob. 3.4

W = Pt = 40 x 5 = 200 Wh = 0.2 kWh

Cost = 0.2 x 8 = 1.6 cents

Prob. 3.5

W = Pt = 420 x 24 x 6 = 60480 Wh = 60.48 kWh

Prob. 3.6

t = W/P = 1500/120 = 12.5 s

Prob. 3.7

(a) W = Pt = 200 x (56/60)/60 x (1/1000) kWh = 0.0031 kWh

(b) W =180 x 2 x (1/1000) kWh = 0.36 kWh
(c ) W = 40,000 x 4 x (1/1000) kWh = 160 kWh

Prob. 3.8

P = 4.2 x 746 W = 3.133 kW

Prob. 3.9

t = W/P = W/(VI) = 600/(8 x 4) = 18.75 s

Prob. 3.10

V 2 (120) 2
R   4.8 
P 3000

Prob. 3.11

I = P/V = 185/110 = 1.682 A

Prob. 3.12

W = Pt = IVt = 12 x 4 x 6 Wh = 0.288 kWh

Prob. 3.13

V = P/I = 65/0.56 = 116.071 V

Prob. 3.14

(a) P = VI = 120 x 0.04 = 4.8 W

R = V/I = 120/0.04 = 3,000 Ω
(b) V2 = PR = 0.8 x 60 = 48 >> V = 6.928 V
I2 = P/R = 0.8/60 =13.33 x 10-3 >> I = 0.1155 A
(c ) I = P/V = 2.2/24 = 0.09167 A
R = V/I = 24/0.09167 = 261.81 Ω
(d) V = IR = 0.1 x 42 = 4.2 V
P = IV = 0.1 x 4.2 = 0.42 W
Hence the table is completed as shown below.

R() V(V) I(A) P(W)

3,000 120 0.04 4.8

60 6.928 0.1155 0.8
261.81 24 0.09167 2.2
42 4.2 0.1 0.42

Prob. 3.15

2.4 x 36 = 86.4 Ah
Prob. 3.16

t = W/P = 0.2 x103 /40 = 5 hours

Prob. 3.17
(a) I = V/R = 120/4 = 30 A
(b) P = VI = 120 x 30 = 3.6 kW
(c) P heat = 3600 x 0.0569 Btu/min /(1W)=204.84 Btu/min

Prob. 3.18

P = VI = 120 x 5 = 600 W

Prob. 3.19

P = W/t = 30/3 = 10 W

Prob. 3.20

V2 (120) 2
W  Pt  t (60)  72 kJ
R 12

Prob. 3.21

P= ¼ hp = 0.25 x 748 = 186.5

I = P/V =186.5/120 = 1.55 A

Prob. 3.22

V 2 144 106
P   14.4  W
R 10

Prob. 3.23

P  I 2 R  4R
P10  4 10  40 W
P12  4  12  48 W
P20  4 x 20  80 W
Prob. 3.24

V 2 900
P   900G
R R
900
P12   72 W
12
900
P8   112.5 W
8
P12  900 x 2  1.8 kW

Prob. 3.25

P 400  103
P  I 2R  I2    8 106  I  2.828 mA
R 50  10 3

3
V  IR  2.828  10  50  103  141.42 V

Prob. 3.26

P = VI = 8.2 x 0.8 = 6.56 W

Prob. 3.27

V 2 (110) 2
P   403.333
R 30
W  Pt  403.333  4  1613.3 Wh = 1613.3  60  60=5.801 MJ

Prob. 3.28

V2 (60) 2
P   0.3
R 12, 000
W  Pt  0.3  2  60  60=2.16 kJ

Prob. 3.29

V 2 (2Vo ) 2 V2
P  8 o
R 1 Ro
Ro
2
i.e. the power has increased to 8 times the original value.
Prob. 3.30

For R1 , P  I 2 R1  (4) 2 (10)  160 W

For R2 , P  I 2 R2  (4) 2 (20)  320 W

Prob. 3.31

V 2 (36) 2
For R1 , P    162 W
R1 8
V 2 (36) 2
For R2 , P    259.2 W
R2 5

Prob. 3.32

V 2 (12) 2
(a) P    43.64 mW
R 3.3k
V 2 (8.8) 2
(b) P    0.5163 W
R 150
V 2 (120) 2
(c) P    17.56 W
R 820

Prob. 3.33

(a) P = VI = 24 (5) = 120 W

(b) P = VI = 30 (-2) = - 60 W

Prob. 3.34

(a) P = VI = 6 (3) = 18 W
(b) P = VI = 24 (-2) = -48 W

Prob. 3.35

P 1
P  I 2R  I2    0.5 103
R 2 10 3

I  22.36 mA

Prob. 3.36
 V 2 (50) 2
P   0.3125 W
R 8 103
Which is more than the wattage rating of 0.25 W. Hence it is not safe.

Prob. 3.37
V 2 (110) 2
(a) P    14.23 W - can be damaged
R 850
(b) P  I 2 R  106  8  8  W - fine
(c) P  I 2 R  (4) 2  2  32 W - can be damaged

Prob. 3.38

P  VI  60  5 103  0.3 W

Prob. 3.39

V2
P  V 2  PR  5.6 103  2  11.2 103
R
V  105.83 V

Prob. 3.40

V = IR = (15)(0.3) = 4.5 V
P = VI = (4.5)(15) = 67.5 W
The resistor is not safe because the calculated power (67.5W) exceeds the dissipation
rating (8W).

Prob. 3.41

W = Pt = 1.5 x 10 x 30 kWh = 450 kWh

Cost = $0.085 x 450 = $38.25

Prob. 3.42

Pin  Pout  Ploss  260  320  580 W

Pout 260
=   44.83%
Pin 580

Prob. 3.43
Pout  70 12  840 W
Pin  1.2  746  895.2 W
Pout 840
=   93.83%
Pin 895.2

Prob. 3.44

Pout  0.6  746  447.6 W

Pout 447.6
=   89.52%
Pin 500

Prob. 3.45

Pin  3.2 110  352 W

Pout 200
=   56.82%
Pin 352

Prob. 3.46

Pout  Pin  Ploss

Pout Pin  12kW
  0.92  
Pin Pin
0.92 Pin  Pin  12kW
0.08Pin  12kW  Pin  150 kW
Pout  150  12  138 kW

Prob. 3.47

Pout 1600
  Pout   Pin  0.84  hp  1.802 hp
Pin 746

Prob. 3.48

W out = 40 x 0.7 x 0.7 = 19.6 J

Prob. 3.49

Pout 10
 100%  100%  13.33%
Pin 75
Prob. 3.50

P  2  746  0.85  1260.4

1260.4
I  P /V   5.729 A
220

Prob. 3.51

P =32 x 0.6 kW = 19.2 kW

W = Pt = 19.2 x 24 kWh = 460.8 kWh
Cost = 460.8 x $0.08 = $36.86

Prob.3.52

P = 5 x 746 x 0.8 = 2.984 x 103

W = Pt = 2.984 x 103 x 0.2 x 7 x24 Wh = 100.26 kWh
Cost = 100.26 x 6 cents = $6.02

Prob. 3.53

Pin = 800W, Pout = 0.6 x 746 = 447.6 W

P 447.6
  out   0.56  56%
Pin 800

Prob. 3.54

Pout 70  10
   85.71%
Pin 70

Prob. 3.55
P 24, 000 J
(a)   out   80%
Pin 30, 000 J
(b) Wlost  Win  Wout  30, 000  24, 000  6, 000  6 kJ
(c) Most of it is converted to heat energy.

Prob. 3.56

Po 5  746W
  0.82   Pi  4.549 kW
Pi Pi
P 4549
Pi  VI  V   554.76 V
I 8.2
Prob. 3.57

Pin  VI  200 15  3, 000 W

(a) Pout  2.1 746  1566.6
Pout 1566.6
   0.5222  52.22%
Pin 3000

(b) Ploss  Pin  Pout  3000  1566.6  1, 433.4 W

Prob. 3.58

P Pout
Pin

P Pout
1  , 2  ,
Pin P
Pout Pout 40 mW
1 2   Pin    52.63 W
Pin 1 2 0.8  0.95

Prob. 3.59

(a) P i = VI = 120 x 20 = 2400 W

(b) P =(1.5hp)(746 W/1hp) = 1119 W
P 1119
(c )   o   0.466  46.6%
Pi 2400
(d) P l = P i – P o = 2400 – 1119 = 1281 W
(e) P = 1281W x (0.0569 btu/min/1W) = 72/89 Btu/min

Prob. 3.60

W = Pt = 1200 x 90 x (1/60) x (1/1000) x 10 kWh = 18 kWh

Cost = $0.08 x 18 = $1.44