1.

Measurements:

 Length and Volume: Expect explanations on using rulers, vernier calipers, and
micrometers for precise length measurements. For volume, it should cover regular shapes
(using formulas) and irregular shapes (using displacement methods with measuring
cylinders). Pay attention to reading scales accurately and understanding the concept of
the meniscus. [00:39], [01:05]
 Time: Understanding the use of stopwatches and other timing devices.
 Mass and Weight: A crucial distinction. Mass is the amount of matter in an object
(scalar, measured in kg), while weight is the force of gravity acting on mass (vector,
measured in Newtons). The relationship W=mg (where g is the acceleration due to
gravity) is fundamental. [24:07]
 Density: Definition as mass per unit volume (ρ=Vm). Understanding how to calculate
density for regular and irregular solids and liquids. [26:14]
 Units and Prefixes: Familiarity with SI units (e.g., meter, kilogram, second, Newton)
and common prefixes (e.g., milli-, centi-, kilo-).
 Significant Figures: Understanding how to use and report significant figures in
calculations.
 Errors and Uncertainties: Basic awareness of random and systematic errors in
measurements. Calculating average values is a way to minimize random errors. [02:04]

2. Forces and Motion:

 Types of Forces: Gravity, friction, tension, normal force, air resistance, magnetic force,
electrostatic force. Understanding their directions and effects.
 Resultant Force: How to find the net force acting on an object when multiple forces are
applied. This involves vector addition (forces in the same direction add, opposite
directions subtract; for forces at angles, you might need basic vector resolution
conceptually for understanding). [03:37]
 Newton's Laws of Motion:
o First Law (Inertia): An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays
in motion with the same velocity unless acted upon by a resultant force. This is
linked to circular motion concepts where a centripetal force is needed to change
the direction of velocity. [39:25]
o Second Law: The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the resultant
force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass (F=ma).
o Third Law: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
 Momentum: Definition as the product of mass and velocity (p=mv). Understanding the
principle of conservation of momentum in collisions.
 Impulse: Change in momentum (I=Δp=FΔt).
 Motion Graphs: Interpreting distance-time graphs (slope = speed) [21:06] and speed-
time graphs (slope = acceleration, area under the graph = distance). Understanding
uniform and non-uniform motion.
 Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration: Definitions and differences. Speed is scalar, velocity
is vector. Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. Calculating these using formulas.
[23:43]
  Free Fall and Projectile Motion: Understanding motion under gravity, neglecting air
resistance.

3. Energy:

 Types of Energy: Kinetic, gravitational potential, elastic potential, thermal (internal),

chemical, nuclear, light, sound, electrical.
 Energy Transformations and Conservation: The principle of conservation of energy –
energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
 Work Done: Energy transferred when a force causes displacement (W=Fdcosθ).
 Power: Rate of energy transfer (P=tW=Fv).
 Efficiency: Ratio of useful energy output to total energy input.

4. Thermal Physics:

 Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium: Understanding temperature scales (Celsius,

Kelvin) and the concept of thermal equilibrium.
 Thermal Properties of Matter: Concepts of specific heat capacity, latent heat of fusion,
and latent heat of vaporization.
 States of Matter: Solid, liquid, and gas. Understanding the changes of state and the
energy involved.
 Thermal Transfer: Conduction, convection, and radiation. Understanding the
mechanisms of each and factors affecting the rate of transfer.

5. Waves:

 Types of Waves: Transverse (e.g., light, water waves) and longitudinal (e.g., sound
waves). Understanding their characteristics (amplitude, wavelength, frequency, period,
speed).
 Wave Phenomena: Reflection, refraction, diffraction, and superposition.
 Electromagnetic Spectrum: Understanding the different parts of the spectrum (radio
waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays) and their
properties and uses.
 Sound: How sound is produced and travels. Understanding pitch, loudness, and echo.

6. Electricity and Magnetism:

 Static Electricity: Concepts of electric charge, charging by friction, induction, and

electrostatic forces.
 Electric Circuits: Circuit symbols, drawing circuit diagrams, understanding series and
parallel circuits.
 Current, Voltage, and Resistance: Definitions and the relationship between them
(Ohm's Law: V=IR).
 Electrical Power and Energy: Calculating electrical power (P=IV=I2R=RV2) and
energy (E=Pt).
 Electrical Safety: Fuses, circuit breakers, earthing.
  Magnetism: Permanent magnets, magnetic fields, electromagnets.
 Electromagnetic Induction: The production of voltage (and current) by changing
magnetic fields. Simple generators and transformers.

7. Nuclear Physics:

 Atomic Structure: Protons, neutrons, and electrons in the atom. Isotopes.

 Radioactivity: Types of radioactive decay (alpha, beta, gamma), half-life, and the
random nature of decay.
 Nuclear Fission and Fusion: Basic understanding of these processes and their
applications (e.g., nuclear power, the Sun).
 Uses and Hazards of Radioactivity: Medical and industrial applications, and the
dangers of ionizing radiation.

8. Space Physics:

 The Earth and the Solar System: Basic knowledge of planets, moons, and the Sun.
 Stars and the Universe: Life cycle of stars (qualitative), galaxies.
 Big Bang Theory: Evidence for the Big Bang, including redshift (the Doppler effect
applied to light from receding galaxies) and cosmic microwave background radiation
(CMBR). [Link]
 Hubble's Law: The relationship between the speed of recession of galaxies and their
distance. Understanding how to calculate the Hubble constant and estimate the age of the
universe. [Link]

Important Details to Watch Out For:

 Definitions of Key Terms: Ensure you understand the precise definitions of all
important physics terms.
 Formulas and Their Applications: Be familiar with the key formulas and how to apply
them to solve problems. Pay attention to the units used in the formulas.
 Units and Conversions: Be confident in using SI units and converting between different
units.
 Graphs and Diagrams: Understand how to interpret and draw various types of graphs
(e.g., motion graphs, force diagrams, circuit diagrams) and scientific diagrams.
 Experimental Techniques: While you won't be doing the experiments in the exam,
understanding the methods used in common physics experiments is often important (e.g.,
measuring speed, investigating Hooke's Law, determining density).
 Real-World Applications: Pay attention to how physics principles are applied in
everyday life and technology.
 Exam Technique Tips: The video might offer advice on how to approach exam
questions and maximize your marks.