Discrete Structures: Assignment Deadline: Monday, 1st July 2025
Note: This can be solved in group (not more than 4 students per group).
Total Marks: 150 (12 x 10 + 1 x 30)
Problem 1
Write NEGATION of the following statements (Careful, NEGATION is not the same as INVERSE)
a) If P is a square, then P is a rectangle.
b) If n is prime, then n i odd or n is 2.
c) If Aangloo is Meena's father, then Baangloo is her uncle and Bingli is her Aunt.
d) A positive integer is prime only if it has no divisors other than 1 and itself.
e) Being divisible by 3 is a necessary condition for this number to be divisible by 9.
Problem 2
Write CONVERSE of the following statements.
a) If P is a square, then P is a rectangle.
b) If n is prime, then n is odd or n is 2.
c) If Aangloo is Meena's father, then Baangloo is her uncle and Bingli is her Aunt.
d) A positive integer is prime only if it has no divisors other than 1 and itself.
e) Being divisible by 3 is a necessary condition for this number to be divisible by 9.
Problem 3
Write CONTRPOSITIVE of the following statements.
a) If P is a square, then P is a rectangle.
b) If n is prime, then n is odd or n is 2.
c) If Aangloo is Meena's father, then Baangloo is her uncle and Bingli is her Aunt.
d) A positive integer is prime only if it has no divisors other than 1 and itself.
e) Being divisible by 3 is a necessary condition for this number to be divisible by 9.
Problem 4
Problem 5
Problem 6
Problem 7
Express the following statements using quantifiers, variables, and the predicates, with following
information:
D is set of all students
Discrete Structures: Assignment # 03 Deadline: Friday, 15th January
2021
M ( s ) : s is a math major student
C ( s ) : s is a computer science major student
E ( s ) : s is an engineering major student
a) There is an engineering student who is a math major.
b) Every computer science student is an engineering student.
c) No computer science students are engineering student.
d) Some computer science students are also math majors.
e) Some computer science students are engineering students and some are not.
Problem 08
Translate each of these nested quantifications into an English statement that expresses a mathematical fact. The domain in each
case consists of all real numbers.
a) ∃ x ∀ y (xy= y )
b) ∀ x ∀ y (((x <0)∧( y< 0))→(xy >0))
c) ∃ x ∃ y ((x 2> y )∧(x < y ))
d) ∀ x ∀ y ∃ z (x+ y=z)
Problem 09
Rewrite each of these statements so that negations appear only within predicates (that is, so that no negation is outside a
quantifier or an expression involving logical connectives).
a) ￢∃ y ∃ x P (x , y )
b) ￢ ∀ x ∃ y P(x , y)
c) ￢∃ y (Q( y)∧ ∀ x ￢ R(x , y))
d) ￢ ∃ y (∃ x R( x , y)∨ ∀ x S (x , y ))
e) ￢∃ y (∀ x ∃ z T (x , y , z)∨∃ x ∀ z U (x , y , z ))
Problem 10
Find a counterexample, if possible, to these universally quantified statements, where the domain for all variables consists of all
integers.
a) ∀ x ∀ y (x 2= y 2 → x= y )
b) ∀ x ∃ y ( y 2=x)
c) ∀ x ∀ y (xy ≥ x )
Problem 11
Write mathematical symbolic form for all of these arguments using quantifiers .
a)Everybody (man) drives a car or a truck.
b)Some people drive both.
c) Some people don’t drive either
d)Nobody drives both
e)Every car has at most one driver
f) Everybody drives exactly one vehicle (car or truck)
Problem 12
Write in simple English sentences.
a) bought (Frank ; dvd)
b) ∃ x :bought (Frank ; x )
c) ∀ x ∃ y :bought ( x ; y )
d) ∃ x ∀ y :bought ( x ; y )
Problem 13
Write mathematical symbolic form for all of these arguments using quantifiers.
Discrete Structures: Assignment # 03 Deadline: Friday, 15th January
2021
1) No doctors are enthusiastic;
You are enthusiastic.
Therefore, you are not a doctor
2) Dictionaries are useful;
Useful books are valuable.
Therefore, dictionaries are valuable.
3) Some healthy people are fat;
No unhealthy people are strong.
Therefore, some fat people are not strong.
4) All, who are anxious to learn, work hard;
Some of these boys work hard.
Therefore, some of these boys are anxious to learn.
5) No misers are generous;
Some old men are ungenerous.
Therefore, some old men are misers.
6) All young lambs jump;
No young animals are healthy, unless they jump.
Therefore, all young lambs are healthy.
7) No professors are ignorant.
All ignorant people are vain.
Therefore, no professors are vain.
8) All bees are unfriendly;
No butterflies are unfriendly.
Therefore, butterflies are not bees.
