GLOWING AGES ACADEMY
SECONDARY
LESSON NOTES WEEK 4
SUBJECT: SCIENCE (BIOLOGY) CLASS
NAME: YEAR 8
TOPIC: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION (III): BODY SYSTEMS -
THE HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM.
DATE: 29th Jan. – 2nd Feb. 2025
We Are Learning To (W.A.L.T):
(i) Investigate the components of the human circulatory or
transport system.
(ii) Identify locations of major components in the human
circulatory system and state their function(s).
(iii) Investigate circulatory problems and care of the circulatory
system.
What I’m Looking For (W.I.L.F): Is your ability to;
(i) Identify different components of the circulatory system and
relate each with their function(s).
(ii) Illustrate some circulatory problems and suggest ways in
giving care to the system.
Vocabularies: Search out the meaning of the key words and
contextual use in your dictionary below.
(i) Structure (ii) Function (iii) Transport (iv) Veins (v) Arteries (vi)
Capillaries (vii) Intercostal muscles (viii) Oxygenated blood (ix)
Deoxygenated blood (x) Cellular respiration (xi) Heart etc.
INTRODUCTION
BRAIN TEASER:
- Have you ever imagined your body without a circulatory
system?
- Do a mind map of the above scenario, picture it and narrate
how it will all turn out in your own words.
- QUIZ: What does blood transport?
Expected response:
- Blood brings oxygen and nutrients to all the parts of the body
so they can keep working.
- Blood carries carbon dioxide and other waste materials to the
lungs, kidneys, and digestive system to be removed from the
body.
- Blood also fights infections, and carries hormones around the
body.
the human circulatory or transport system/functions.
- The circulatory system is made up of blood vessels that carry
blood away from and towards the heart.
- Arteries carry blood away from the heart and veins carry blood
back to the heart.
- The circulatory system carries oxygen, nutrients, and
hormones to cells, and removes waste products, like carbon
dioxide.
- In addition, the learners will deduce that; The human
circulatory system possesses a body-wide network of blood
vessels.
- These comprise arteries, veins, and capillaries.
- The primary function of blood vessels is to transport
oxygenated blood and nutrients to all parts of the body.
- It is also tasked with collecting metabolic wastes to be expelled
from the body.
THE PARTS/FUNCTIONS OF THE
CIRCULATORY/TRANSPORT SYSTEM
What is the function of the circulatory system?
- The parts of your circulatory system are your: Heart, a
muscular organ that pumps blood throughout your body.
- Blood vessels, which include your arteries, veins and
capillaries.
- Blood, made up of red and white blood cells, plasma and
platelets.
- It maintains the blood supplied to all the organs of our body.
- It transports nutrients like oxygen-carbon dioxide and
hormones to various cells and organs.
- It protects our body from any new disease-causing
microorganisms.
- Clotting stops bleeding after injury.
- Circulates oxygen and removes carbon dioxide.
What are the components of the circulatory system?
- The significant parts of the circulatory system are - heart, blood
vessels, and blood.
- In the human body, the amount of blood present is 5.5 L.
Where is your heart located at?
Answer: The Chest
- Your heart is located between your lungs in the middle of your
chest, behind and slightly to the left of your breastbone
(sternum).
CIRCULATORY PROBLEMS
What are some of the problems with the circulatory
system?
- The circulatory system is made up of three (3) main parts: the
heart (cardiovascular system), the lungs (pulmonary system),
and the blood vessels (systemic system).
- Therefore, an abnormality in any of these components can lead
to significant circulatory system diseases and disorders.
(a) Atherosclerosis – a narrowing of the arteries caused by
plaque deposits.
(b) Heart disease – lack of blood supply to the heart because of
narrowed arteries.
(c) High blood pressure – can be caused by obesity (among
other things). (d) Varicose veins – problems with the valves that
stop blood from running backwards.
(e) Hypertension.
(f) Coronary Artery Disease.
(g) Heart Failure.
(h) Cardiac Arrest.
HOW TO CARE FOR THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
How do you take care of your circulatory system?
Here are a few practical steps you can follow;
1. If overweight, lose weight.
2. Exercise daily: Increase regular physical activity to at least
2.5 hours per week.
3. Don't use tobacco (No smoking).
4. Avoid use of alcohol.
5. Have your blood pressure and blood sugar checked
regularly.
6. Eat a heart healthy diet: Eat the right things -Consuming the
vitamins and minerals your heart needs provide the
foundation for a healthy heart.
7. Get enough sleep.
8. Manage stress.
END-OF-SESSION ASSESSMENT
Instruction: Answer all the questions
(i) Mention different parts of the human circulatory system you
know.
(ii) Outline the functions of the parts mentioned above.
(iii) Give a detailed illustration of the processes involved in
circulation of oxygen and nutrients in the body by the blood.
References:
(i) Cambridge Science Lower Secondary Checkpoint Course
Book/Workbook 8
(ii) Online Sources (www.wikipedia.com) – The Human
Circulatory System.
(iii) Compendium of Cambridge Checkpoint Past
Questions/Progression Tests
(iv) Complete Lower Secondary Biology Textbook Stages 7-9 by
Ann Fullick
Compiled by: Mr. Glory Quel (Science – Biology Facilitator)
