FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
Roll Number
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION-2018
FOR RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BS-17
UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
ANTHROPOLOGY
TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20
PART-I(MCQS): MAXIMUM 30 MINUTES PART-II MAXIMUM MARKS = 80
NOTE: (i) Part-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.
(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iii) All the parts (if any) of each Question must be attempted at one place instead of at different
places.
(iv) Candidate must write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q.Paper.
(v) No Page/Space be left blank between the answers. All the blank pages of Answer Book must
be crossed.
(vi) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.
PART-II
Q. No. 2. Define anthropology. How is it different form other fields of Social Sciences in terms (20)
of approach and methodology?
Q. No. 3. Discuss the issue of objectivity and subjectivity in the field of social research. Explain (20)
whether or not objective research is attainable in social anthropology.
Q. No. 4. Culture develops in response to the basic needs of human beings. Explain. (20)
Q. No. 5. Economics systems evolved through reciprocity to redistribution and market system. (20)
Explain.
Q. No. 6. Religion is a significant commonality in Pakistani Culture. How sectarianism can be (20)
controlled to use religion for national integration?
Q. No. 7. Elaborate different types of kinship systems. Kinship affect political allegiances in (20)
Pakistan. Explain.
Q. No. 8. Write short notes on any FOUR of the following: (5 each) (20)
(a) Rural-urban migration
(b) Participant observation
(c) Types of family
(d) Main branches of anthropology
(e) Cultural relativism
(f) Applied anthropology and community development
*************
FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION Roll Number
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION-2019
FOR RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BS-17
UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
ANTHROPOLOGY
TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20
PART-I(MCQS): MAXIMUM 30 MINUTES PART-II MAXIMUM MARKS = 80
NOTE: (i) Part-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.
(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iii) All the parts (if any) of each Question must be attempted at one place instead of at different
places.
(iv) Write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q.Paper.
(v) No Page/Space be left blank between the answers. All the blank pages of Answer Book must
be crossed.
(vi) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the question will not be considered.
PART – II
Q. No. 2. Discuss the fields and branches of anthropology. (20)
Q. No. 3. Define primitive economic organization. Discuss the scope and relevance of economic (20)
organization with anthropology.
Q. No. 4. Discuss various conditions and factors responsible for social change and development (20)
in simple societies.
Q. No. 5. Give a distinction between technique, method and methodology. What tools of data (20)
collection are usually used in anthropology?
Q. No. 6. Discuss in detail family institution and its various types on the basis of structure, blood (20)
relation, marriage, residence and succession.
Q. No. 7. Discuss and compare various forms of divine religions with other world religion (20)
including Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.
Q. No. 8. Discuss in detail the process of Social Control in primitive societies. (20)
**********
FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION Roll Number
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION-2021
FOR RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BS-17
UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
ANTHROPOLOGY
TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20
PART-I(MCQS): MAXIMUM 30 MINUTES PART-II MAXIMUM MARKS = 80
NOTE: (i) Part-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.
(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iii) All the parts (if any) of each Question must be attempted at one place instead of at different
places.
(iv) Write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q.Paper.
(v) No Page/Space be left blank between the answers. All the blank pages of Answer Book must
be crossed.
(vi) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the question will not be considered.
PART-II
Q. No. 2. What are the four fields of Anthropology and how are they related to each other? (20)
Q. No. 3. Define descent group. Briefly describe the different forms of descent groups. (20)
Q. No. 4. Compare and contrast assimilation, integration and marginalization with examples. (20)
Q. No. 5. What is social stratification? What are the different factors responsible for stratification (20)
in a society? Discuss with reference to Pakistan.
Q. No. 6. Who proposed the idea of “thick description”? Discuss anthropological research as (20)
thick description. Also provide examples.
Q. No. 7. What methods of Anthropological research make it distinct from research in other (20)
social sciences?
Q. No. 8. Discuss religion and supernatural beliefs according to evolutionary perspective. (20)
**********
FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
Roll Number
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION-2024 FOR RECRUITMENT TO
POSTS IN BS-17
UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
ANTHROPOLOGY
TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20
PART-I(MCQS): MAXIMUM 30 MINUTES PART-II MAXIMUM MARKS = 80
NOTE: (i) Part-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.
(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iii) All the parts (if any) of each Question must be attempted at one place instead of at different
places.
(iv) Candidate must write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q. Paper.
(v) No Page/Space be left blank between the answers. All the blank pages of Answer Book must be
crossed.
(vi) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.
PART-II
Q. No. 2. Discuss the concept of culture as the “totality of human life”. How and why does culture matter in
determining human attitude and life worlds? Cite examples from various cultures, including
your own? (20)
Q. No. 3. What is the configuration of kinship structure in Pakistan? How does the institution of kinship
contribute to the thriving of socio-cultural life? Elaborate your answer using pertinent
examples? (20)
Q. No. 4. Why do qualitative researchers believe that the empiricist philosophy is not appropriate for
studying the social world? How do you compare both approaches – empiricism and
interpretivism? (20)
Q. No. 5. What is Clifford Geertz’s idea of “Thick Description”? How does it aid anthropologists in
grasping a deeper and nuanced understanding of the meaning embedded in social behaviors?
(20)
Q. No. 6. Discuss the interplay between enculturation and cognition. How does Margaret Mead’s study of
Samoa demonstrate the importance of the enculturation process in shaping one’s life
experiences? (20)
Q. No. 7. How commodities are produced and consumed culturally? Give specific examples elaborating
how people attach distinct meanings and values to commodities (20)
Q. No. 8. Bands represent the simplest form of the political organization whereas the state is the enactment
of the centralized political system”. Keeping in mind the aforementioned statement, critically
analyze and development of the political system? (20)
*************
FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION Roll Number
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION-2020
FOR RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BS-17
UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
ANTHROPOLOGY
TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20
PART-I(MCQS): MAXIMUM 30 MINUTES PART-II MAXIMUM MARKS = 80
NOTE: (i) Part-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.
(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iii) All the parts (if any) of each Question must be attempted at one place instead of at different
places.
(iv) Write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q.Paper.
(v) No Page/Space be left blank between the answers. All the blank pages of Answer Book must
be crossed.
(vi) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the question will not be considered.
PART-II
Q. No. 2. What is CRM stands for in anthropology? Justify, how far the cultural knowledge (20)
generated through the application of four branches of anthropology is important and
contribute in the overall development of the country like Pakistan?
Q. No. 3. Anthropologically what various belief and magic systems across the history humans (20)
have practiced as a social institution? What belief systems other than the religions are
still being practiced in Pakistani society today and why?
Q. No. 4. Keeping the Karl Marx (1818-1884) theory of conflict, justify how far the (20)
establishment of enormous, gigantic slums or squatter settlements in almost all
metropolitan cities are natural or due to discriminatory economic management?
Support your arguments with examples.
Q. No. 5. One of the dynamic aspects of the culture is "its Adaptive and Maladaptive nature" (20)
what it means? In the light of this context, critically discuss the cultural practices
which are maladaptive, thus causing underdevelopment.
Q. No. 6. What is "Ethnic Homogenization"? Discuss its various mechanisms used today by the (20)
states.
Q. No. 7. Highlight the major contributions of some of major anthropologists like, Edward (20)
Bernard Taylor, Bronislaw Malinowski, Margret Mead and Clifford Geertz.
Q. No. 8. Differentiate between "etic' and "emic" approaches used in anthropological research. (20)
Highlight various ethnographic techniques used by ethnographers in conducting
research in anthropology?
**********
FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION Roll Number
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION-2022
FOR RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BS-17
UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
ANTHROPOLOGY
TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20
PART-I(MCQS): MAXIMUM 30 MINUTES PART-II MAXIMUM MARKS = 80
NOTE: (i) Part-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.
(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iii) All the parts (if any) of each Question must be attempted at one place instead of at different
places.
(iv) Write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q.Paper.
(v) No Page/Space be left blank between the answers. All the blank pages of Answer Book must
be crossed.
(vi) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the question will not be considered.
PART-II
Q. No. 2. Anthropology focuses on every aspect of human being through physical anthropology, (20)
archaeology, linguistic anthropology and socio-cultural anthropology. Explain.
Q. No. 3. Distinguish among three major types of food production system i.e. horticulture, (20)
intensive agriculture and pastoralism. How agriculture can be developed to bring about
economic prosperity in Pakistan?
Q. No. 4. Explain internal and external conflict theories about the emergence of early state (20)
societies. Social stratification is one of the defining qualities of the state. Explain.
Q. No. 5. Explain theory of structural-functionalism of Radcliffe-Brown in which aspects of (20)
culture are viewed in terms of the part they play in maintaining the social structure.
Q. No. 6. Define ethnocentrism and cultural relativism. Discuss the advantages and (20)
disadvantages of ethnocentrism and cultural relativism.
Q. No. 7. Define patrilineal and matrilineal organizations. How patrilineal organization affect the (20)
political organization in Pakistan Society?
Q. No. 8. Define social stratification. Differentiate between caste and class societies with (20)
reference to examples from South Asia.
**********
FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
Roll Number
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION-2016
FOR RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BS-17
UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
ANTHROPOLOGY
TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20
PART-I(MCQS): MAXIMUM 30 MINUTES PART-II MAXIMUM MARKS = 80
NOTE: (i) Part-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.
(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iii) All the parts (if any) of each Question must be attempted at one place instead of at different
places.
(iv) Candidate must write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q.Paper.
(v) No Page/Space be left blank between the answers. All the blank pages of Answer Book must
be crossed.
(vi) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.
PART-II
Q. No. 2. Define Culture and its major Characteristics; also discuss how the discipline of (20)
Anthropology is different from other Social Sciences?
Q. No. 3. Discuss major Socio-cultural and psychological barriers to change. (20)
Q. No. 4. What are the major Anthropological Research Techniques which are used to collect (20)
field data? Also discuss how Qualitative Research is different from Quantitative
Research?
Q. No. 5. What are the major Contemporary Social Problems of Pakistan? (20)
Q. No. 6. What is the Anthropological definition of Religion and its major functions? Also (20)
discuss how the primitive religion was evolved?
Q. No. 7. Describe the theory of Social Evolution given by Lewis H. Morgan & E.B.Tylor. (20)
Q. No. 8. Write short notes on any FOUR of the following: (5 each) (20)
(a) Acculturation & Enculturation
(b) Emic & Etic
(c) Endogamy & Exogamy
(d) Consanguine & Affine Relatives
(e) Ethnocentrism
(f) Neolithic Culture
*************
FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
Roll Number
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION-2017
FOR RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BS-17
UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
ANTHROPOLOGY
TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20
PART-I(MCQS): MAXIMUM 30 MINUTES PART-II MAXIMUM MARKS = 80
NOTE: (i) Part-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.
(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iii) All the parts (if any) of each Question must be attempted at one place instead of at different
places.
(iv) Candidate must write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q.Paper.
(v) No Page/Space be left blank between the answers. All the blank pages of Answer Book must
be crossed.
(vi) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.
PART-II
Q. No. 2. How perspective of Anthropology can be used to study global trends like global (20)
warming and erosion of bio-diversity?
Q. No. 3. How applied anthropology can be utilized to solve the problems faced by humanity in (20)
contemporary world?
Q. No. 4. Write a detailed account of gift exchange. Give samples from everyday life to (20)
substantiate your answer?
Q. No. 5. Define “animism” and state the evolutionary scheme of religion provided by E. B. (20)
Tylor.
Q. No. 6. What is incest taboo? Explain different theories about incest taboo. (20)
Q. No. 7. Is this poverty which is the real cause of overpopulation or it is the population pressure (20)
that is responsible for increasing poverty? Substantiate your argument by quoting
relevant facts and figures.
Q. No. 8. Write short notes on any FOUR of the following: (5 each) (20)
(a) Sororal Polygyny & Sororate
(b) Uxorilocal residence & Virilocal Residence
(c) Phratry & Moiety
(d) Research tools & Research Method
(e) Palaeolithic Culture
(f) Ethnography
*************
FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION Roll Number
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION-2023
FOR RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BS-17
UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
ANTHROPOLOGY
TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20
PART-I(MCQS): MAXIMUM 30 MINUTES PART-II MAXIMUM MARKS = 80
NOTE: (i) Part-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.
(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iii) All the parts (if any) of each Question must be attempted at one place instead of at different
places.
(iv) Write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q.Paper.
(v) No Page/Space be left blank between the answers. All the blank pages of Answer Book
must be crossed.
(vi) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the question will not be considered.
PART-II
Q.No.2. Anthropology involves the comparison of different societies to understand the (20)
scope of human cultural diversity. Discuss the subject matter of anthropology and
how anthropology is related to other disciplines in social sciences.
Q.No.3. Economic system refers to the means by which a society produces, distributes and (20)
consumes resources. Discuss how anthropologists are different from other
discipline in the study of economic organization.
Q.No.4. All groups of people develop complexes of symbols, rituals, and beliefs that (20)
connect their own experience to the essential nature of the universe. Explain
evolution and function of primitive religion as discussed by anthropologists.
Q.No.5. How anthropologist define a social problem? Discuss the causes and consequences (20)
of political instability in Pakistan.
Q.No.6. Discuss qualitative and quantitative research approaches appropriate for (20)
anthropological research.
Q.No.7. Define Social Institution. Discuss the manifest and latent functions of family (20)
institution.
Q.No.8. Define Religion. Discuss various anthropological approaches to the study of (20)
religion.
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