SPINNER 3 - ENDTERM WORDLIST

WORD
NO WORDS IPA MEANING
CLASS
1 landscape noun ˈlæ[Link]ɪp the appearance of an area of land, especially in the countryside
endangered phrase ɪnˌdeɪn.dʒəd a group of animals or plants that may soon not exist because there
2 species ˈspiː.ʃiːz are very few alive now
overfishing noun ˌəʊ.və.ˈfɪʃ.ɪŋ catching so many fish in a part of the sea that there are not many
3 fish left there
4 rhino noun ˈraɪ.nəʊ short for rhinoceros
5 deforestation noun diːˌfɒr.ɪˈsteɪ.ʃən when all the trees in a large area are cut down
6 ocean noun ˈəʊ.ʃən the sea
climate noun ˈklaɪ.mɪt ˌtʃeɪndʒ
the way the Earth's weather is changing
7 change
8 species noun ˈspiː.ʃiːz a group of plants or animals which share similar characteristics
9 extinct adjective ɪkˈstɪŋkt If a type of animal is extinct, it does not now exist.
10 law noun lɔː an official rule in a country
waste noun weɪst material that people throw away because they do not want or need
11 it any more
melt verb melt If something melts, it changes from a solid into a liquid because of
12 heat and if you melt something, you heat it until it becomes liquid.
13 flood noun flʌd a large amount of water covering an area that is usually dry
14 pollution noun pəˈluː.ʃən damage caused to water, air, etc. by harmful substances or waste
smog noun smɒg air pollution in a city that is a mixture of smoke, gases, and
15 chemicals
recycling noun ˌriːˈsaɪ.klɪŋ when paper, glass, plastic, etc. is put through a process so that it
16 can be used again
factory fumes plural ˈfæk.tər.i ˌ uːmz dirty gas or smoke that comes from a building where things are
17 noun made
18 litter noun ˈlɪt.ə pieces of paper and other waste that are left in public places
19 rubbish noun ˈrʌb.ɪʃ things that you throw away because you do not want them
water noun ˈwɔː.tə pəˌluː.ʃən
damage caused to water by harmful substances or waste
20 pollution
21 polluted adjective pəˈluːtɪd dirty because of harmful substances and waste
22 energy noun ˈen.ə.dʒi the power that comes from electricity, gas, etc.
reuse verb ˌriːˈjuːz to find a new use for something so that it does not have to be
23 thrown away
throw away phrasal ˌθrəʊ əˈweɪ to get rid of something that you do not want any more
24 verb
recycle verb ˌriːˈsaɪ.kl ̩ to collect used paper, glass, plastic, etc., and put if through a
25 process so that it can be used again
waste verb weɪst to use too much of something or use something badly when there is
26 a limited amount of it
27 charge verb tʃɑːdʒ to put electricity into something
disconnect verb ˌdɪs.kəˈnekt to separate two things that are joined or connected, especially a
28 piece of equipment and a power supply

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 leave on verb ˌliːv ɒn ˈstæ[Link]ɪ If you leave a piece of electrical equipment on standby, the power
29 standby is switched on but you are not using it.
30 peak verb piːk the top of a mountain, or the mountain itself
glacier verb ˈglæs.i.ə a large mass of ice that moves very slowly, usually down a slope or
31 valley
32 organism verb ˈɔː.gən.ɪ.zəm a living thing, often one that is extremely small
33 damage noun ˈdæm.ɪdʒ harm or injury
34 tiny adjective ˈtaɪ.ni extremely small
35 threat noun θret someone or something that could cause harm or damage
36 fragile adjective ˈfrædʒ.aɪl easily broken, damaged, or destroyed
fear verb fɪə to be worried or frightened that something bad might happen or
37 might have happened
38 industry noun ˈɪn.də.stri the people and activities involved in one type of business
39 financial adjective faɪˈnæn.ʃəl relating to money or how money is managed
consequences plural ˈkɒnt.sɪ.kwəntsɪz the results of an action or situation, especially bad ones
40 noun
41 responsibility noun rɪˌspɒn.sɪˈbɪl.ɪ.ti something that it is your job or duty to deal with
generation noun ˌdʒen.əˈreɪ.ʃən all the people in a society or family who are approximately the
42 same age
hologram noun ˈhɒl.ə.græm a photograph or image which appears to be solid and have depth
43 when light shines on it in a particular way
robot noun ˈrəʊ.bɒt a machine controlled by a computer, which can move and do other
44 things that people can do
45 transplant noun trænˈsplɑːnt an operation in which a new organ is put into someone's body
technology noun tekˈnɒl.ə.dʒi knowledge, equipment, and methods that are used in science and
46 industry
47 poverty noun ˈpɒv.ə.ti the condition of being extremely poor
used to phrase ˈjuːst tə If something used to happen or a situation used to exist, it
happened regularly or existed in the past but it does not happen or
48 exist now.
disease noun dɪˈziːz (an) illness caused by infection or by a failure of health rather than
49 by an accident
50 cure noun kjʊə something that makes someone with an illness healthy again
discover verb dɪˈskʌv.ə to find out something or to find a place or an object, especially for
51 the first time
experiment noun ɪkˈsper.ɪ.mənt a test, especially a scientific one, that you do in order to learn
52 something or to discover whether something is true
53 invent verb ɪnˈvent to design or create something which has never existed before
54 laboratory noun ləˈbɒr.ə.tər.i a room used for scientific work
machine noun məˈʃiːn a piece of equipment with several moving parts which uses power
55 to do a particular type of work
do research phrase ˌduː rɪˈsɜːtʃ to study a subject in order to discover new information or reach a
56 new understanding
57 scientist noun ˈsaɪən.tɪst someone who studies science or works in science
invention noun ɪnˈven.ʃən something which has been designed or created for the first time, or
58 the act of creating or designing something
59 discovery noun dɪˈskʌv.ər.i when someone discovers something
malaria noun məˈleə.ri.ə a serious disease that you can get in hot countries if a mosquito
60 small insect bites you

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61 pollute verb pəˈluːt to make water, air, soil, etc. dirty or harmful
62 achievement noun əˈtʃiːv.mənt something very good and difficult that you have succeeded in doing
prevent verb prɪˈvent to stop something from happening or someone from doing
63 something
identify verb aɪˈden.tɪ.faɪ to recognize someone or something and say or prove who or what
64 they are
65 structure noun ˈstrʌk.tʃə the way that parts of something are arranged or put together
66 enormous adjective ɪˈnɔː.məs extremely large
tool noun tuːl a piece of equipment that you use with your hands in order to help
67 you do something
68 treat verb triːt to behave towards or deal with someone in a particular way
complicated adjective ˈkɒ[Link]ɪ.keɪ.tɪd involving a lot of different parts, in a way that is difficult to
69 understand
involve verb ɪnˈvɒlv If a situation or activity involves something, that thing is a
70 necessary part of it.
explore verb ɪkˈsplɔː to go around a place where you have never been in order to find
71 out what is there
72 challenging adjective ˈtʃæl.ɪn.dʒɪŋ difficult, in a way that tests your ability or determination
get paid phrase get ˌpeɪd
to be paid for the weeks that you do not work
73 holidays ˈhɒl.ə.deɪz
give in your phrase ˌgɪv ɪn jɔː ˈnəʊ.tɪs
to tell your employer that you do not want your job any more
74 notice
75 be promoted phrase biː prəˈməʊ.tɪd to be given a higher position
on-the-job phrase ɒn ðə ˌdʒɒb
a way of learning to do a job at the same time as you do it
76 training ˈtreɪ.nɪŋ
77 start a career phrase ˌstɑːt ə kəˈrɪə to begin a job or series of jobs that you might do for a long time
disabled adjective dɪˈseɪ.bl ̩d having an illness, injury or condition that makes it difficult to do the
78 things that most people do
79 wheelchair noun ˈwiːl.tʃeə a chair with wheels used by someone who cannot walk
disability noun ˌdɪs.əˈbɪl.ɪ.ti an illness, injury or condition that makes it difficult for someone to
80 do the things that other people do
operate verb ˈɒp.ər.eɪt If a machine operates, it does what it is designed to do, and if you
81 operate it, you make it do what it is designed to do.
candle noun ˈkæ[Link] ̩ a stick of wax with string going through it which produces light as it
82 burns
pole noun pəʊl a long, thin stick made of wood or metal, often used to hold
83 something up
84 frame noun freɪm a border which surrounds and supports a picture, door or window
metal adjective ˈmet.əl a usually hard, shiny material such as iron, gold, or silver which
85 heat and electricity can travel through
charity noun ˈtʃær.ɪ.ti an official organization that gives money, food or help to people
who need it, or money food or help that is given to people who
86 need it
sponsor verb ˈspɒn.sə to give money to someone to support an activity, event, or
organization, sometimes as a way to advertise your company or
87 product
cancer noun ˈkæn.sə a serious disease that is caused when cells in the body grow in a
88 way that is uncontrolled and not normal
lack noun læk to not have or not have enough of something that is needed or
89 wanted

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 strengthen phrase ˌstreŋ.θən jɔːr
to improve the cells and tissues in your body that make it able to
your immune ɪˈmjuːn ˌsɪs.təm
protect itself against infection
90 system
fight phrase ˌfaɪt ɪnˈfek.ʃənz
to deal with diseases that are cause by bacteria or viruses
91 infections
92 memory noun ˈmem.ər.i your ability to remember
heart attack noun ˈhɑːt əˌtæk a serious medical condition in which the heart does not get enough
93 blood, causing great pain and often leading to death
94 therefore adverb ˈðeə.fɔː for that reason
95 suffer verb ˈsʌf.ə to experience pain or unpleasant emotions
96 take exercise phrase ˌteɪk ˈek.sə.saɪz to do physical activity to make your body strong and healthy
have an phrase ˌhæv ən If you have an operation, a doctor cuts your body to remove or
97 operation ɒp.ərˈeɪ.ʃən repair part of it.
98 get better phrase ˌget ˈbet.ə to feel well again after you have been ill
make an phrase ˌmeɪk ən
to arrange to do something at a particular time
99 appointment əˈpɔɪnt.mənt
100 brave adjective breɪv showing no fear of dangerous or difficult situations
101 annually adverb ˈæ[Link].ə.li once every year
102 overcome verb ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm to deal with and control a problem or feeling
103 talented adjective ˈtæl.ən.tɪd with talent
104 hilarious adjective hɪˈleə.ri.əs extremely funny
persuade verb pəˈsweɪd to make someone agree to do something by talking to them a lot
105 about it
encourage verb ɪnˈkʌr.ɪdʒ to make someone more likely to do something, or to make
106 something more likely to happen
warn verb wɔːn to make someone realise a possible danger or problem, especially
107 one in the future
108 pick verb pɪk to choose something or someone
crop noun krɒp a plant such as a grain, fruit or vegetable that is grown in large
amounts, or the amount of plants of a particular type that are
109 produced at one time
escape verb ɪˈskeɪp to succeed in getting away from a place where you do not want to
110 be
tornado noun tɔːˈneɪ.dəʊ an extremely strong and dangerous wind that blows in a circle and
111 destroys buildings as it moves along
112 blizzard noun ˈblɪz.əd a storm with strong winds and snow
113 hailstorm noun ˈheɪ[Link]ɔːm a storm with small hard pieces of frozen rain
114 flood noun flʌd a large amount of water covering an area that is usually dry
lucky break noun ˌlʌk.i ˈbreɪk a good opportunity that you were not expecting which improves
115 your situation
expert noun ˈ[Link]ɜːt someone who has a lot of skill in something or a lot of knowledge of
116 something

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