MODULE – 8
CLOUD COMPUTING
PRIMER
Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Cloud Computing Primer 1
Module 8: Cloud Computing Primer
Upon completion of this module, you should be able to:
• Explain the essential characteristics of Cloud Computing
• Describe the different Cloud services models
• Describe the different Cloud deployment models
• Explain the economics of Cloud
• Discuss the benefits and challenges of Cloud
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Cloud Computing
Cloud
Transforming VDC to Cloud requires a Cloud Service
service management layer on top of VDC. Management
Virtualized
Infrastructure
Virtualized Data Center
Classic Data Center
Virtualized
Infrastructure
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Module 8: Cloud Computing Primer
Lesson 1: Overview of Cloud Computing
Topics covered in this lesson:
• Technological foundations of Cloud Computing
• Essential characteristics of Cloud Computing
• Benefits of Cloud Computing
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Cloud Computing: Technological Foundations
Technologies Description
Form of distributed computing which applies the
Grid Computing resources of numerous computers in a network to
work on a single complex task at the same time
• Service provisioning model that offers computing
Utility Computing resources as a metered service
• Provides improved utilization of resources
Virtualization • Enables optimization of resources by over
subscription
• An architectural approach in which applications
Service Oriented make use of services available in the network
Architecture • Each service provides a specific function, for
(SOA) example, business function (Payroll Tax calculation)
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Cloud Computing: Essential Characteristics
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On-Demand Self-Service
• Enables consumers to get computing resources as
and when required, without any human
intervention
• Facilitates consumer to leverage “ready to use”
services or, enables to choose required services
from the service catalog
• Allows provisioning of resources using self-service
interface
Self-service interface should be user-friendly
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Broad Network Access
• Cloud services are accessed via the network,
usually the internet, from a broad range of
client platforms such as:
Desktop computer
Laptop
Mobile phone
Thin Client
• Eliminates the need for accessing a particular
client platform to access the services
• Enables accessing the services from anywhere
across the globe
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Resource Pooling
• IT resources (compute, storage, network) are
pooled to serve multiple consumers
Based on multi-tenant model
• Consumer has no knowledge about the exact
location of the resources provided
• Resources are dynamically assigned and
reassigned based on the consumer demand
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Rapid Elasticity
• Ability to scale IT resources rapidly, as
required, to fulfill the changing needs without
interruption of service
Resources can be both scaled up and scaled
down dynamically
• To the consumer, the Cloud appears to be
infinite
Consumers can start with minimal computing
power and can expand their environment to
any size
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Metered Service
• Consumers are billed based on the metered usage of
Cloud resources
Cost incurred on a pay-per-use basis
Pricing/billing model is tied up with the required service
levels
• Resource usage is monitored and reported, which
provides transparency for chargeback to both Cloud
service provider and consumer about the utilized
service
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Cloud Offering Examples
Pay-As-You-Go
[Link],
EMC Mozy, Atmos,
Google App Engine,
Amazon EC2
I want secured
backup of my files, so I need a word processing
that I can retrieve application for a brief
data from anywhere, period to prepare my
anytime documents
My organization needs to
grow, but cannot spend My organization wants to test
much to buy new servers, a software in different
storage platform before investing on it
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Cloud Computing Benefits
Benefit Description
Reduced IT Cost • Avoids the up-front capital expenditure
• Provides the ability to add new resources
Business agility support
quickly
• Scales up and down easily and instantly,
Flexible scaling
based on demand
• Ensures application availability at varying
High availability levels, depending on policy and priority of the
application
• Enables organizations to reduce power
Less energy consumption
consumption and space usage
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Module 8: Cloud Computing Primer
Lesson 2: Cloud Services and Deployment Models
Topics covered in this lesson:
• Cloud service models – SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS
• Cloud deployment models – Private, Public, Hybrid, and
Community
• Economics of Cloud
• Challenges of Cloud
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Cloud Service Models
Cloud Service can be classified into three categories:
• Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)
• Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)
• Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)
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Infrastructure-as-a-Service Consumer
• Provides capability to the
consumer to hire infrastructure
components such as servers, Application
storage, and network Databases
• Enables consumers to deploy and OS
run software, including OS and Compute
Hired Resources
applications Storage
• Pays for infrastructure components Network
usage, for example, Storage
capacity, CPU usage, etc.
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IaaS Examples
• Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) is an IaaS model that
provides resizable compute capacity on a pay-per-use basis
Allows consumers to hire virtual compute on which they run their own
applications
• EMC Atmos Online provides Storage as a service
Internet accessible, on demand storage
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Platform-as-a-Service Consumer
• Capability provided to the
consumer to deploy consumer-
created or acquired applications Application
on the Cloud provider’s Databases
infrastructure OS
• Consumer has control over Compute
Hired Resources
Deployed applications Storage
Possible application hosting Network
environment configurations
• Consumer is billed for platform
software components
OS, Database, Middleware
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PaaS Examples
• Google App Engine provides platform for consumers to deploy
or create their own applications
Allows dynamic allocation of system resources for an application based
on the actual demand
Provides Java and Python environment to create and deploy
application
• Microsoft Azure Platform provides diverse functionalities to
build applications
Uses existing skills with Visual Studio and .Net to build applications
Builds applications also in Java and PHP using Eclipse and other tools
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Software-as-a-Service Consumer
• Capability provided to the consumer
to use provider’s applications
running in a Cloud infrastructure Application
• Complete stack including application Databases
OS
is provided as a service
• Application is accessible from Compute
Hired Resources
Storage
various client devices, for example,
Network
via a thin client interface such as a
Web browser
• Billing is based on the application
usage
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SaaS Examples
• EMC Mozy is a Software-as-a-Service solution for on-line
backup
Consumers can leverage the Mozy console to perform automatic,
secured, online backup and recovery of their data with ease
• [Link] is a Software-as-a-Service solution for CRM
application
Consumers can access CRM applications from anywhere, any time
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Cloud Deployment Model – Public Cloud
Enterprise P Enterprise Q
Public Cloud
Cloud Service
Provider
User R
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Cloud Deployment Model – Private Cloud
On-premise Externally hosted
Private Cloud Private Cloud
Enterprise P
Enterprise P
Dedicated for
Enterprise P
Cloud
Service
Provider
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Cloud Deployment Model – Hybrid Cloud
Private Cloud Public Cloud
Enterprise P Enterprise P Enterprise Q
+
Cloud Service
Provider
User R
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Cloud Deployment Model – Community Cloud
Enterprise P
Enterprise Q
Community Cloud
Enterprise R
Dedicated for
Community Users
Cloud
Service Community
Provider Users
• Cloud infrastructure is shared by several organizations and
supports a specific community that has shared concerns
• Managed by the organizations or by a third party
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Economics of Cloud
• Cloud has changed the economics of IT
• Cloud enables to move from a CAPEX to an OPEX model
• Cloud provides the following key cost savings
Infrastructure cost
Management cost
Power and energy cost
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Economics of Cloud Example: On-Site Vs. Cloud
Buying 1000 Servers (On-Site) Vs. Hiring 1000 server instances (Cloud)
On-Site Amazon EC2 Cloud
Cost Components Cost Components
Server Hardware
Instance Fees
Network Hardware and Usage
Data Transfer
Hardware Maintenance
Operating System
Power and Cooling
Data Center
Construction
Annual TCO = $2,572,634 Annual TCO = $233,213
Source: Amazon Web Services: The Economics of the AWS Cloud vs. Owned IT Infrastructure, Dec 2009
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Cloud Challenges – Consumer’s Perspective
• Security and Regulation
Consumers are indecisive to transfer
control of sensitive data
Regulation may prevent organizations
to use Cloud services
• Network latency
Real time applications may suffer due
to network latency and limited
bandwidth
• Supportability
Legacy or Custom applications may
not be compatible with Cloud platform
• Interoperability
Lack of standardization across Cloud-
based platforms
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Cloud Challenges – Provider’s Perspective
• Service warranty and service cost
Resources must be kept ready to meet unpredictable demand
Hefty penalty, if SLAs are not fulfilled
• Huge numbers of software to manage
Huge number of applications and platform software to purchase
ROI is unpredictable
• No standard Cloud access interface
Cloud customers want open APIs
Need agreement among Cloud providers for standardization
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Module 8: Summary
• Essential characteristics of Cloud Computing
• Cloud service model – SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS
• Cloud deployment models – Private, Public, Hybrid and
Community
• Economics of Cloud Computing
• Benefits and challenges of Cloud Computing
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Check Your Knowledge
1. Explain the essential characteristics of Cloud Computing.
2. How is Cloud beneficial compared to the traditional IT model?
3. Explain the different Cloud services models.
4. Describe the various Cloud deployment models.
5. What are the challenges of Cloud Computing?
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MODULE 8 QUIZ
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