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Advanced JS Concepts Summary

The document outlines 12 advanced JavaScript concepts including scope, hoisting, and the `this` keyword, which are fundamental to understanding variable access and execution context. It also covers asynchronous programming techniques like callbacks, promises, and async/await, as well as concepts such as prototypal inheritance, modules, and garbage collection. Each concept is briefly explained, highlighting its importance and functionality within JavaScript.

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12 views2 pages

Advanced JS Concepts Summary

The document outlines 12 advanced JavaScript concepts including scope, hoisting, and the `this` keyword, which are fundamental to understanding variable access and execution context. It also covers asynchronous programming techniques like callbacks, promises, and async/await, as well as concepts such as prototypal inheritance, modules, and garbage collection. Each concept is briefly explained, highlighting its importance and functionality within JavaScript.

Uploaded by

pratiksworking
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

12 Advanced JavaScript Concepts - Detailed Summary

1. Scope

Scope defines where a variable can be accessed in your code. JavaScript has function scope and block

scope. `let` and `const` are block-scoped, while `var` is function-scoped and can lead to unexpected behavior

if not handled carefully.

2. Hoisting

In JavaScript, declarations (variables and functions) are moved to the top of their scope before code

execution. `var` is hoisted and initialized with undefined, while `let` and `const` are hoisted but not initialized,

leading to a Temporal Dead Zone.

3. The `this` Keyword

`this` refers to the execution context. In methods, it refers to the object. In global functions or in strict mode, it

can be undefined or the window/global object. It can be explicitly set using `call()`, `apply()`, or `bind()`.

4. Callbacks, Promises, and Async/Await

Callbacks are functions passed as arguments to be executed later. Promises allow chaining with `.then()` and

`.catch()`. Async/await makes asynchronous code look synchronous, improving readability and reducing

callback hell.

5. Lexical Environment & Closures

A lexical environment is the environment where variables are defined, based on the structure of code.

Closures are functions that retain access to variables from their lexical scope even after the outer function

has completed.

6. Currying & Partial Application

Currying transforms a function with multiple arguments into a series of unary functions. Partial application

allows pre-filling some arguments of a function, returning a new function waiting for the remaining arguments.
12 Advanced JavaScript Concepts - Detailed Summary

7. Event Loop

The event loop handles asynchronous operations by moving tasks between the call stack and message

queues. Microtasks (Promises, async/await) have priority over macrotasks (setTimeout, DOM events).

8. Prototypal Inheritance

JavaScript uses prototypes for inheritance. Objects can inherit properties and methods from other objects

through their prototype chain. This allows efficient method sharing and code reuse.

9. `this`, `new`, and Classes

`this` refers to the context; `new` creates a new instance of an object with a constructor. Classes are

syntactic sugar over prototypes, offering a cleaner, more structured approach to object creation and

inheritance.

10. Modules, Imports/Exports, and Encapsulation

Modules allow you to split code into reusable pieces using `export` and `import`. This helps with

encapsulation, scope control, and better project structure.

11. Garbage Collection & Memory Management

JavaScript automatically reclaims memory using garbage collection, particularly the mark-and-sweep

algorithm. Developers must avoid memory leaks by clearing intervals, event listeners, and avoiding lingering

references.

12. Event Delegation

Event delegation uses a single event listener on a parent element to manage events on its children, taking

advantage of event bubbling. This improves performance and handles dynamic elements efficiently.

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