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2.5 Implicit Differentiation 1tc5tfu

The document provides notes on implicit differentiation, explaining its necessity when y is not expressed explicitly as a function of x. It includes several examples demonstrating how to differentiate implicitly and find derivatives, including second derivatives and tangent lines. The notes also cover specific problems and methods for finding slopes and equations of tangent lines for various curves.

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lizt04.2023
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18 views6 pages

2.5 Implicit Differentiation 1tc5tfu

The document provides notes on implicit differentiation, explaining its necessity when y is not expressed explicitly as a function of x. It includes several examples demonstrating how to differentiate implicitly and find derivatives, including second derivatives and tangent lines. The notes also cover specific problems and methods for finding slopes and equations of tangent lines for various curves.

Uploaded by

lizt04.2023
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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= AP Calculus Notes i 2.5 Implicit Differentiation | Definitions vs. ic finitions Up to this point, you have learned how to differentiate functions that are expressed in explicit form, for which the variable y is explicitly written as a function of x. form: 3x°—y Explicit form: y= 3x? imp Finding the derivative of some equations is not possible unless you use implicit differentiation. When do you have to use implict differentiation? y iyhen y is not alone or not a function Innplicitly Written | o Sx) = Vax 2x41 Example 1: _ Differentiating with Respect to x. Find each derivative. ieet 25 w drs 2 a. —[x'] = (3% aly] Same variyble ferent vartabies Samm ge pooe (ale Ott Shain rele d dk drtiy ' ‘ eo She let + Ars fig f sty 4 wv] 9h Foy 4 . a sgt (2g) C ge ang BD Guidelines for Im |. Differentiate both sides of the equation with respect to x. 2 cata tums inching Yoni sie een on not ath cena othe not the equation. 3. Factor Bout of the left side of the equation. 4, Solve for Boy dividing both sides of the equation by the left-hand factor that does not contain 2. Example 2: Find © for yy" Syma? = £#L yteyt-sy-at] = de Ca] ay’ & + cy B-8 ex = 0 dy C3y** 2y-s) 2x —_ ____2.5 Implicit Differentiation Example 3: Find 2 for x -xy+y" &d 3 Bxamnle 4: Find “for xy y=x BL wee j oxy: oe. y %)- oe ot) = ay! [dee Lay? | | Saye 3x4 Example 5: Find ® for yesinzy Elyl= & Usiaxy) Shell inside 1G = Cod dae) 4, , By = YCOSKY HX oy cosxy 4 ~ % % cosay = Y cosny 4 Crseesxy) = Sees dy = ycosxy Example 6: eae a hae 1x cos ky byl xt oe ge amy] > belie] gat (Weg Fanti) © (age ex. 4) = Bxo = OXY gatdy 4 array BH — #4 Cats sty) pce zy 3xte exy-2y> { ite orny _ _ AP Calculus Notes 2.5 Implicit Differentiation _xample7: Finding the Second Derivative Implicitly Given x+y? =16, find 22, dx’ axr2y dy = 0 I dy = - 2y of 2x Sle uclx Example 8: Finding the Second Derivative Implicitly (*AP Free Response 2004) 2 aay? dy ): a.) Given x? +4y? =743xy, find <2 gy. a dx axe ay Hd = oF 3(i-y + x H) : tS Ble ay + ax $e (By 9%) = 397% dy = 3y-2x dx 8y-3K b.) Given x +4y? =743xy, find a at the point (3, 2). Me. atei-ats) © g (X *8Q)-3G) dy = oe (@2-33))—OCS~™S =(-H og Bh 44 F 2X aya) - yay CEB ga) Crs 2.5 Implicit Differentiation Example 9: The slope of the line tangent to the curve y* +(xy-+1)' =0 at (2, -1) is ae ; 0 (*AP Multiple Choice) 3 3 “= eB -+ 9 (o 4 eae 24 $k +3 Gyri)® [bg tx Be) ro} 24 H. + 3Cxye1)"y + 3x ayn & = 0 dy (25+ ax (aye?) = “ay yr” gy 2 ~3y (xgi)t é Fe ay ax Cay 41)? _ enemy _ aft =f2/D enna See | = (a on t me 21) + 3a) C2") a Example 10: [{3x° +2xy+ y* =2, then the value of Barat is x (*AP Multiple Choice) Ay = iB; 0 cy = iD 4 E) aor defined ox +2 (hy rm Gade 2yH% = 0 d Riad _y at x21 + GX + 2y+2x 2 = 4 vt 4% . 3G) + 2y t yr =2 d N= -6x- teal = ley) ory veg ie dy = 76x =2y s =-) dx 2x +2y ud pies ees 5 ler © dx 2 @)42C1) i = “AP Calculus Notes _ 2.5 Implicit Differentiation xample 11: Consider the equation x° +" =9 a. Sketch a graph of the relation on the coordinate plane provided. b. Find Bor the equation above. s 2x+2y Yao SOR dy =|-x a 1S c. Find the slope of the tangent line to the curve at the point (2.5). Use your TI graphing calculator to verify your anster. aoe dx VS d. Write the equation of the tangent line drawn t¢ the curve at the point V5). Draw the tangent line to the curve on your graph. e. Write the equation x’ + y” =9in explicit form and use your TI graphing calculator to verify your graph from part. Next, find the derivative explicitly and compare the result with part b. Which method is easier? a g-xt Explicit? : “ee = oe ty aty(9-mt) = -2x 2 20K _ 2K £2 (9-x* zy Implicit differenbatren |S easier Co ___ 2.5 Implicit Differentiation J AP QUESTION (Similar to 2008 Free Response) form & *¢ Example 12: Consider the curve x” +xy+y° =27 4, a.) Determine whether the lines tangent to the curve at the + inerens of the curve are ae lomp bes a X-iMtercapts > x7 xl) 0% = 27 & Lateage yg? ] jo? PtP 2x+ Cytx = xe BF CY xh) rey I = 0 , : ois (SH, 0) (N30) OPE dy (x rey )= ~ox-y “H)- | 72k tan (0)= ~200@)-0 . 2G -2 oy a Vay + 20) —-Wz> 0 . o)= ~2QB)=8 = -2 = 2 Hes the, tangent lines are aces Wir +20) parallel Since Sihey have the pe 4, _ b.) Find the points on the curve where the lines fangent to the curve are vertical. Same oe “4 = “Oxy = when x+2y = 6 xery A x 2-24 (-2y)"* Gaydy + y? = ZF Osubs. at ay a 2, 5) +, ©) Find the points on the curve where the lines tangent to the curve are horizontal. m= des -2K-Y sg when -2x-y= 0 ox x+y yznex © xP + X Cex) + UK) =27.O subst.

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