WIRE ROPES

MODULES
4
TRAINING MATERIAL
TRAINING MATERIAL

Wire ropes belong to the most

important elements in conveyor
technology. Wire ropes are sensitive to exter-
nal influences. The properties of
Wire ropes transmit very high Due to the moveability of the wire ropes is preserved at
tensile forces with a small rope wires in the rope structure, ropes temperatures of -30°C to
cross-section. feature a good bendability. +100°C.
Wire ropes have no fatigue
Wire ropes cannot transmit strength and must be replaced Safely and reliably when
compressive forces, which means after a specified service life. correctly applied, serviced and
that they cannot be used for monitored.
bumping. Wires will break due to fatigue
after a certain service life not
The variety of possible rope together, but by and by.
constructions allows for
adapting the wire rope to the As a result of the stranding, a
specific application. broken wire is fully load-bearing
again just behind the breakage.
TRAINING MATERIAL

WIRE ROPES 1
MODULE
1 CLASSIFICATION
2 STRUCTURE
3 STRAND STRUCTURE
4 LENGTH OF LAY LENGTH /
TYPES OF LAY
5 RESIDUAL STRESS /
ROTATIONAL BEHAVIOR
6 CALCULATION BASES
7 DESIGNATION

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MODULE 1 1 CLASSIFICATION

Running wire ropes Stationary wire ropes Suspension ropes Rope slings
Running wire ropes are ropes run- Stationary ropes are ropes that do Suspension ropes are ropes on Rope slings serve to attach and
ning over rope pulleys (rope shea- not run over pulleys and the ends which pulleys of conveyors are sling a load.
ves), traction sheaves, sheaves and of which are mounted in ancho- running. They have a similar
drums, following the bend of the rages. function like rails.
sheave.

Examples: Examples: Examples:

Lifting ropes, luffing ropes, Guy ropes for poles and booms. Suspension ropes for cable cars,
elevator ropes, pull ropes, etc. cable cranes.

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 WIRE ROPES
MODULE 1 2 STRUCTURE

Core Wire
(fiber core or steel core) Rr = 1570–2160 N/mm2
(Structural steel St37, ca. 400 N/mm2)

Center wire

Strand

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MODULE 1 2 STRUCTURE

Round strand rope with fiber core Round strand rope with steel strand core Round strand rope with steel rope core
(FC) (WSC) (IWRC)

Multilayer round strand rope Cable-laid sling

(spiral round strand rope)

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 WIRE ROPES
MODULE 13 STRAND STRUCTURE

3.1 Standard stranding

Point contact

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MODULE 1 3 STRAND STRUCTURE

3.2 Parallel stranding

Line contact

Warrington-Seale Compacted strands Filler Seale Warrington

1 + 6 + (6 + 6) + 12 1 + 5 + 5F + 10 1+9+9 1+ 6 + (6 + 6)

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MODULE 1 4 LENGTH OF LAY LENGTH / TYPES OF LAY

4.1 Lay length of rope / strand

D Strand /Rope
d

Wire / Strand
Length of lay length

d.π
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MODULE 1
LENGTH OF LAY LENGTH / TYPES OF LAY

4.2 Ordinary lay 4.3 Lang lay

right-hand left-hand right-hand left-hand

sZ zS zZ sS

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 WIRE ROPES
MODULE 1 5 RESIDUAL STRESS / ROTATIONAL BEHAVIOR

5.1 Low-tension rope

A rope is considered as
low-tension (or low-twist),
if its strands and wires do
not or do only barely pop
out of the rope structure
after the serving has been
removed from the end of
the rope.

A low-tension rope does

not tend to form bends or preformed
kinks, as it “lies dead”. strand

Low-tension ropes are

manufactured according to
specific stranding
processes.

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MODULE 1 5 RESIDUAL STRESS / ROTATIONAL BEHAVIOR

5.1 Rotation-free or low-rotation rope

A rope is considered as rotation-free or

low-rotation, if it under the influence
of an unguided load does not, or does
barely, rotates around its longitudinal
axis and exerts a very low torque on
the end connections.

The rotation-free or low-rotation

feature of the rope is caused by its
specific construction and the type of
stranding (multilayer round strand
rope, flattened strand rope, braided
rope and other special constructions).

Opposite torques of a
rotation-free rope

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MODULE 1 6 CALCULATION BASES

6.1 Metallic rope cross-section 6.2 Filling factor

The metallic rope cross-section A c in mm2 is the sum of the The filling factor ƒ is the proportion of the metallic rope cross-
cross-section of all steel wires inside the rope. section in the surface area of the perimeter of the cross-section.

π d2 π  D 2
Ac = ƒ=
4 4 . Ac

Wire-ø (d) Rope-ø (D)

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MODULE 1 6 CALCULATION BASES

6.3 Rope grade

The rope grade Rr in N/mm2

is the underlying minimum Rope grade in N/mm2 1180 to 2160
tensile strength of the wire. Nominal wire-ø Limit deviations
d1
The rope grade according
to which the steel wires for mm N/mm2
wire ropes are delivered 0,2 to < 0,5 +390
and the limit deviations in 0,5 to < 1,0 +350
the individual nominal wire 1,0 to < 1,5 +320
diameter ranges are shown 1,5 to < 2,0 +290
in the table below. 2,0 to ≤ 3,5 +260
1 MPa = 1 N/mm2

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MODULE 1 6 CALCULATION BASES

6.4 Calculated breaking force 6.5 Minimum breaking force

The calculated breaking force (Fe,min ) of The minimum breaking force (Fmin ) of
the rope is the product of the metallic the rope is the product of the
rope cross-section Ac in mm2 and the calculated breaking force Fe,min in kN
nominal strength Rr in N/mm2 . and the stranding factor k.

Fe,min = Ac . Rr Fmin = Fe,min . k

This theoretical value is sometimes Minimum value achieved in tensile test;

used as the calculation basis with also abbreviated as MBF.
lifting gear; also abbreviated as CBF.

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MODULE 1 7 DESIGNATION

7.1 Length of the rope in meter (m) 7.4 Minimum breaking force of the rope

Length tolerances: See catalogue page

≤ 400 m 0% to +5%
> 400 bis + 20 m per 1,000 m or part thereof
> 1000 m 0% to +2%

7.2 Intended application EN 12385-4 Zp = 5 [–] 7.5 Construction of the rope

Description of the rope application; in particular, • Standard no. (E.g. DIN 3058, EN 12385)
references to low-rotation or rotation-free rope • Braiding formula (E.g. 6 × 19)
constructions are required. • Brand name (E.g. DQ/UNI)

7.3 Nominal rope diameter of the rope in mm 7.6 Type of the core

• Natural fiber core

Nominal rope diameter d1 bis 3 3-6 6-7 >7 • Chemical fiber core
+8 +7 +6 +5 • Steel core, etc.
Permissible deviation %
0 0 0 0
Rope tolerance acc. to DIN 15061, Part 1 / EN 12385

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MODULE 1 7
DESIGNATION

7.7 Surface finish of the wires 7.11 Lubrication

• blank, galvanized, etc. If not ordered otherwise, the type and quantity of the
lubricant is left to the manufacturer’s discretion.

7.8 Nominal strength of the wires

7.12 Operating temperatures EN 12385-3
• 1570, 1770, 1960, etc.
Strand ropes with fiber core FC - 40° bis 100°C (100% Fmin )
Strand ropes with steel core WC - 40° bis 200% (90% Fmin )
7.9 Type of lay and direction of lay

• sZ, zS, etc.

7.10 Low-tension or rotation-free

designs of the rope

• spa

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MODULE 1
DESIGNATION

Short descriptions Nominal strength of the wires

Feature Abbreviations 1570 N/mm2 (160 kp/mm2) 1570 1570
Nominal diameter in mm 1770 N/mm2 (180 kp/mm2) 1770 1770
Construction DIN 3051 DIN/EN 12385

Type of core Type of lay and direction of lay

Fiber core FE FC Right-hand z Z
Natural fiber core FEN UFC Left-hand s S
Chemical fiber core FEC SFC Right-hand ordinary lay sZ sZ
Steel core SE WC Left-hand ordinary lay zS zS
Steel rope core SES IWRC Right-hand lang lay zZ zZ
Steel strand core SEL WSC Left-hand lang lay sS sS
Low-tension design spa
Surface finish of the wires
Strand compacted K
blank bk U
drawn galvanized zn k B
heavily galvanized di zn B

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TRAINING MATERIAL

WIRE ROPES 12
OO
MM UU
DD LEL

1 HOISTING, DRIVING AND

SPECIAL ROPES
2 ROPE SELECTION
3 ROPE PULLEYS
4 ROPE DRUM
5 ROPE END CONNECTIONS

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MODULE 2 1 HOISTING, DRIVING AND SPECIAL ROPES

Use of swivel recommended

As a hoisting rope for self-erecting cranes,
for truck-mounted cranes, rotating tower cranes,
excavators, drills, in case of multi-layer coiling, etc.

B 55
• Blank steel wire, conserved, strands compacted
• Nominal wire strength 1960 N/mm2
• Right-hand lang lay
• Rotation-free

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 WIRE ROPES
MODULE 2 1 HOISTING, DRIVING AND SPECIAL ROPES

Article no. Seil Construction / Breaking force Weight Price/meter

ø number of load- 100m
calculated minimum
bearing wires
mm kN t kN t ca. kg CHF
64500 8 15 × 6 / 90 65,7 6,70 52,6 5,35 30 6.05
64501 9 15 × 6 / 90 80,4 8,20 64,3 6,55 37 7.40
64502 10 15 × 7 / 105 110 11,20 87,8 8,95 51 8.05
64503 11 15 × 7 / 105 134 13,70 107 10,95 62 9.05
64504 12 15 × 7 / 105 158 16,10 126 12,85 73 9.70
64505 13 15 × 7 / 105 187 19,10 150 15,25 86 10.50
64506 14 15 × 7 / 105 216 22,05 173 17,60 99 12.00
64507 15 15 × 7 / 105 248 25,25 198 20,20 114 13.50
64508 16 15 × 7 / 105 285 29,05 228 23,20 131 14.15
64509 18 15 × 7 / 105 360 36,70 288 29,35 165 17.35
64510 19 15 × 7 / 105 399 40,70 319 32,55 183 20.00
64511 20 15 × 7 / 105 444 40,70 355 36,20 204 21.25
64512 21 15 × 7 / 105 493 50,30 394 40,20 226 22.80
64513 22 15 × 7 / 105 541 55,10 432 44,05 248 24.15
64514 24 15 × 7 / 105 640 65,20 512 52,15 294 29.65
64515 25 15 × 7 / 105 681 69,45 545 55,55 313 34.75
64516 26 15 × 7 / 105 737 75,15 590 60,10 338 40.90
64517 27 15 × 7 / 105 793 80,80 634 64,60 364 44.00
64518 28 15 × 7 / 105 868 88,50 695 70,80 398 47.05

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MODULE 2 2 ROPE SELECTION

2.1 «A rotation-free or a non-rotation-free rope?»

This decision must be made very carefully. There is no room
for error. Short rope life, changes to the structure of the rope,
abrupt and unexpected failure of the rope, etc. could result
from a wrong choice.

2.2 Rotation-free ropes

0–1 /1000xd / 0,2x Fmin
must be selected when:
• Lifting an unguided load on a single rope line.
• Lifting an unguided load on several rope lines at
great lifting heights.
Rotation-free ropes can be used with or without a swivel.

Rotation-free rope –
DIEPA D 1315 CZ

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MODULE 2 2 ROPE SELECTION

2.3 Low-rotation ropes

1–4 / 1000xd / 0,2x Fmin (low-rotation)
These ropes are subject to the same constraints
as non-rotation-free ropes.

2.4 Non-rotation-free ropes

≥4 / 1000xd / 0,2x Fmin (low-tension)
must be selected when:
• Lifting guided loads.
• Lifting unguided loads on several rope lines at
small lifting heights (e.g. electric hoists).
• Lifting loads with right-hand and left-hand
ropes operating in pairs .
Non-rotation-free ropes must not be used with a swivel.

Non-rotation-free ropes
– DIEPA PZ 371

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MODULE 23 ROPE PULLEYS

3.1 Rope pulley selection 3.2 Signs of wear

ø DN ø DN

ø DW
N
D
3ø
0.5
R=

The grove radius should be at Change of the groove shape Worn-out groove on one side Rope mark on the groove bottom
least 0.53 x nominal rope-ø and the rope-ø during the rope
(DIN 15020, Sheet 1). service life.
ø DN : ø of new or
reworked groove
ø D: Ropes with set rope-ø
in worn groove

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MODULE 2 3 ROPE PULLEYS

3.3 Oblique pull in rope pulleys

α 4° (resp. 1,5°)

Rope running at an oblique angle rolls off to the The maximum oblique pull acc. to DIN 15061
bottom of the grooves amounts to 4° or 1.5° for rotation-free/
low-rotation ropes (also applies to rope drums).

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MODULE 2 3 ROPE PULLEYS

3.4 Straightening the hook block 3.5 Loosening ropes

Rope spacing in the block

Turn end of the rope inside or outside Empty runs at the rotating
tower crane

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MODULE 2 4 ROPE DRUM

α
B The maximum oblique pull acc.
to DIN 15061 amounts to 4°
or 1.5° for rotation-free/
low-rotation ropes.
L

L R L R L R L R

Right hand = rope with right-hand lay Left hand = rope with left-hand lay
Pitch of drum grooves = left-hand Pitch of drum grooves = right-hand

EXCEPTIONS ARE POSSIBLE ONLY WITH LOW-TENSION ROPES!

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MODULE 2 4 ROPE DRUM

Groove/ Allowed Groove Groove Groove

rotated rope radius variation spacing depth width
Rt = 25 r1 p1 h* min. r2** min. p2
p2 p1 mm mm mm mm mm mm
r2 1,6 4 1,2 0,5 3
r1
h 2,2 5 1,5 0,5 4
2,7 6 1,9 0,5 5
3,2 +0,1 7 2,3 0,5 6
3,7 8 2,7 0,5 7
p1 25°
4,2 9,5 3,0 0,5 8
2
4,8 10,5 3,5 0,5 9
r
2 r
2 5,3 11,5 4 0,8 10
6 13 4,5 0,8 11
130°
6,5 14 4,5 0,8 12
7 15 5 0,8 13
50°
7,5 16 5,5 0,8 14
Designation of a groove profile for 8 17 6 0,8 15
rope drums of groove radius 8,5 18 6 0,8 16
r1 = 16 and pitch p1 = 33; 9 19 6,5 0,8 17
groove profile DIN 15061 – 16 × 33 9,5 20 7 0,8 18
10 21 7,5 0,8 19
10,5 +0,2 22 7,5 0,8 20
*
h ≥ 0,375 p2 11 24 8 0,8 21
due to the rope skip 12 25 8,5 0,8 22
**
r2 applies up to h ≤ 0,4 p2 12,5 26 9 0,8 23

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MODULE 2 4 ROPE DRUM

Groove/ Allowed Groove Groove Groove

rotated
rope radius variation spacing depth width
Rt = 25
p2 p1 r1 p1 h* min. r2** min. p2
r2 mm mm mm mm mm mm
r1 13 27 9 0,8 24
h
13,5 28 9,5 0,8 25
14 29 10 0,8 26
15 30 10,5 0,8 27
p1 25° 31 10,5 0,8 28
2 16 33 11 1,3 29
34 11,5 1,3 30
r
2 r
2 17 35 12 1,3 31
36 12 1,3 32
130° 18 37 12,5 1,3 33
38 13 1,3 34
50° 19 39 13,5 1,3 35
40 13,5 1,3 36
Designation of a groove profile for 20 +0,4 41 14 1,3 37
rope drums of groove radius 42 14,5 1,6 38
r1 = 16 and pitch p1 = 33; 44 15 1,6 39
groove profile DIN 15061 – 16 × 33 21 44 15 1,6 40
22 45 15,5 1,6 41
23 47 16 1,6 42
*
h ≥ 0,375 p2 47 16,5 1,6 43
due to the rope skip 24 49 16,5 1,6 44
**
r2 applies up to h ≤ 0,4 p2 50 17 2 45

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MODULE 2 5 ROPE END CONNECTIONS

Most end connections reduce the

minimum breaking strength of the
ropes.
90 % Pressed thimbles 90 % Clamp head with clevis 90 % Spliced loop.
The overview shows some com- Loops must be secured
mon designs with the remaining against untwisting.
minimum breaking strength of the 80% EN 13414-1
rope in %.
90% Pressed loop 90 % Clamp head with eye
Do not produce rope end connec-
tions by knots, as the working load
limit of the rope is strongly redu-
ced by high surface pressure and
kinks. 90% Clamp head with thread 100 % Cast head with clevis 90% Spliced thimble.
(inside-outside-thread) Loops must be secured
The strands and wires will be against untwisting.
compressed as much that the rope 80% EN 13414-1
structure is not warranted any
longer. Rope suspensions should
be set so as to allow the rope to
absorb the 2.5-fold tensile force 100 % Cast head with eye 85% Loop with thimble
of the rope without a permanent
deformation.

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MODULE 2 5 ROPE END CONNECTIONS

End connection Core Surface temperature WLL

°C %
Aluminum sleeve Fiber − 40 − + 100 100

Aluminum sleeve Steel − 40 − +150 100

Steel sleeve Fiber − 40 − +100 100

Steel sleeve Steel − 40 − +150 100

− +200 90

− +300 75

− +400 65
Rope spelter socket
− 40 − + 80 100
with lead alloy
Rope spelter socket
− 40 − +120 100
with zinc alloy
Rope spelter socket with
− 40 − +115 100
synthetic resin (Wirelock)

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Required number of clamps with

loops/thimbles with clamps: EN 13411-5

≤ 30°
Rope-ø
Rope clamps per loop
mm
4,0 –   5,0 3 80% Loop/thimble with stirrup rope
clamps acc. to EN 13411-5.
5,5 –   6,5 3
Do not use for sling ropes!
7,0 –   8,0 4
8,5 – 10,0 4
11,0 – 13,0 4 Clamp always on loose end
14,0 – 16,0 4
≥1,5-3t t
17,0 – 19,0 4
20,0 – 22,0 5
23,0 – 26,0 5
27,0 – 30,0 6
31,0 – 34,0 6
35,0 – 40,0 6

Refer to the instructions for use!

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MODULE 2 5 ROPE END CONNECTIONS

DIN 43148 DIN 15315

Frope Frope

EN 13411- 5 (DIN 1142)

10 % Tensile
force of the rope

max. 0,4 L K*
max. 0,75 L K*

LK

LK

2,5 · FSeil

80% Rope lock with wedge 80% Rope lock with wedge
*
EN 13411-6

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MODULE 2
ROPE END CONNECTIONS

EN 13411-5
DIN 43148

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TRAINING MATERIAL

WIRE ROPES 13
OO
MM UU
DD LEL

1 HANDLING
2 RE-LUBRICATION
3 MONITORING / DISCARD CRITERIA
4 DETERMINATION OF THE ROPE

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MODULE 3
HANDLING

1.1 Transport

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1
MODULE 3
HANDLING

1.2 Storage 1.3 Unwinding

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MODULE 3
HANDLING

1.4 Unwinding 1.5 Drawing in

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 WIRE ROPES
MODULE 3 2 RE-LUBRICATION

Reasons for cleaning Principles of Guideline for the Requirements for

• Dust, oxidation, UV radiation re-lubrication lubricating interval the lubricant
and temperatures make the • A lubrication in the open air • Wire ropes in the open air • Compatible with the
lubricant age. requires dry weather. As needed with dry rope surface original lubricant
• In addition, mechanical • Every cleaning must be • Protected wire ropes • Resistant against
influences result in blank immediately followed by As needed with dry rope surface environmental influences
spots on the rope. re-lubrication. (e.g. UV radiation, temperature,
• The influence of the rope • Apply the lubricant after the oxidation, dust, etc.)
lubrication on the rope service drive rollers and guide rollers. Guideline for the • Fluid, without solvents if possible
life may be up to factor 10. • Re-lubricate as often as possible,
lubricant consumption
but sparingly. • Largely temperature-independent
• 0.2 liter of wire rope oil
• Disperse the lubricant on the in the viscosity (fluidity)
for rope ø of 10 mm over
entire rope surface. • Good adherence
a rope length of 100 m
• Wire ropes that come into
• 0.4 liter of wire rope oil • Used oils and greases are
contract with gravel, sand and
for rope ø of 20 mm over not suitable
soil must not be lubricated.
a rope length of 100 m

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To allow for a reliable and

flawless assessment of the ropes,
the following must be noted:
• The rope surface must be clean
and free.

• The ropes must not be coated or

encased.

3
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MODULE 3 3 MONITORING / DISCARD CRITERIA

e.g. steel roller

e.g. plastic roller

• The rope must at least run via a

steel roller.

• The entire exposed rope section

Driving distance
must be inspected.

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3.1 The following cases require special attention to the ropes:

Wire ropes with

Newly mounted broken wires
wire ropes

Wire ropes
with minor Wire ropes after
damage relocation or
assembly
operations, etc.
Wire ropes
after long Wire ropes
idle times after large
stresses

3
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MODULE 3 3 MONITORING / DISCARD CRITERIA

3.2 The required safety is not warranted any longer:

1.
Discard number of broken wires
acc. to DIN 15020 / EN 12385-3 /
ISO 4309 on reference lengths
of 6x d and 30x d, cf. table
DIN 15020 / ISO 4309
min. 0,9 d
resp.
Fatigue wire breaks Rope-ø due to corrosion at the thinnest spot
smaller by 10% than in new condition
if on a length of 20x rope-ø 10
wire breaks can be identified
(SBV*)

resp.
d

if on a length of von 8x
rope-ø a maximum of 10%
of the single wires are broken
Reference length e.g. 6 x d
(EKAS 2089).
Fatigue wire breaks Wire breaks due to mechanical damage
* Swiss Master Builders’ Association
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2. 3. 4.
In case of wire break nests. If the rope-ø d due to corrosion or wear In case of broken strand or strand
falls below by more than 10% or with just before breaking.
multilayer hoist ropes by 3% or due to
structural changes like constriction,
flattening, curly deformations and
crushes by more than 15%.

Wire break nests at ordinary Strand break at ordinary lay

lay round strand rope round strand rope

Rope-ø d due to wear at the thinnest spot

is smaller by 10% or with multilayer
hoist ropes by 3% or due to structural
changes by 15% than in the new
condition.
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5. Causes of bird-caging
deformations may include:
Untwisting of the rope
• dudden loosening of the rope
In cases of rope deformations such as a • changes in the length of lay
bird-caging at multilayer round strand rope • too narrow rope grooves
• c hanges in the length of lay

Bird-caging at multilayer Bird-caging deformation on Crush

round strand rope winch drums

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6.
A kink is caused by a rope sling being contracted.
The sling may result from a torque existing in the rope or from
a torque allied externally, e.g. by falsely pulling off the ropes
from rings or drums.

Loop formation of wires or

loose wires

Causes of loop formations

may include:
• I nsufficient
lubrication of the rope
•T
 oo narrow rope groves
•T
 oo large lateral drops of the rope
•T
 oo short a distance between two
guide rollers
•U
 ntwisting of the rope
•S
 mall stroke and large

Kinks, bends, knots pulsating load

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Hoisting rope, low-rotation 17 x 7:

The required safety is not warranted any longer

7.
Deformation and wear of the inner layer.

Inner layer

Outer layer Wire

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MODULE 3 4 DETERMINATION OF THE ROPE

4.1 Crawler crane (crawler excavator)

6

  1 Crawler tracks
  2 Centerpiece
  3 Counterweight 5
  4 Boom with universal tip 12
  5 Sub-hook block
6 Neck rope: X 53
  7 Luffing ropes: X 53
11 7
  8 Upper carriage with rope winches
4
  9 Slewing rings
10 Straightening cylinder
11 A-support
12 Hoisting ropes: C 45 (D 915 CZ), B 55 (D 1315 CZ)
13 Boom foot 3 2740 2865
10 9
14 Driver cab 2930 13
14 8
2
e.g.: maximum carrying capacity

5070
1 1524 A

3950
of 450 t at outreach of 5.0 m

2950

2100
1641

net weight of 350 t 788

6900 9870
8000 11180
9524 13026

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MODULE 3 4
DETERMINATION OF THE ROPE

4.2 Rotating tower crane in operating and transporting position

0.9 m 1 Assembly rope: X 53 (PZ 371), DQS/WSS

28.8 m 2 Hoisting rope: Super4, C 45 (D 915 CZ)

2
2.8 m
Carrying capacities:
four-leg rope protection, 3t
two-leg rope protection, 1,5 t
1
13.10 m

24.5 m
R 2.3 m m
2.50
3.45 m

3.20 m 3.875 m 6.375 m

1.6 m
16.15 m

3.8 m · 3.8 m

M ODULE 3
[Link] 15
 WIRE ROPES
MODULE 3 4 DETERMINATION OF THE ROPE

4.3 Rotating tower crane with carrying capacity curves for different boom lengths
1
1 Retaining rope: X 53 (PZ 371), DQS/WSS
2 2 Trolley rope: DQS/WSS
3
45.0 m 3 Hoisting rope: C 45 (D 915 CZ),
Carrying capacity kg B 55 (D 1315 CZ)
5600

4000

2800

1000
9 · 4.14 m

15.0 21.0 27.6 33.4 39.2 45.0

Outreach m
9.6 m
4.3 m

4.5 m

3
MODULE 16
 WIRE ROPES
MODULE 3 4 DETERMINATION OF THE ROPE

4.4 Tubular truss portal crane, corridor-controlled, carrying capacity of 16 t

26700 300

200 2500 3800 15000 5000 200 2300

3 7
2 15
5 6
13

11647
8 11
1
8000

4 4 4
9 12
14

1800 6000 15000 5500 1000 1800 1800

8568
9578

1 Trailing cable 6 Hinged support 11 Maintenance platform

2 Bridge girder 7 Workplace lamp 12 Ballast weight
3 Fixed support 8 Cable drum 13 Fixed ladder
4 Crane drive 9 Undercarriage support 14 Buffer
5 Electric hoist of trolley 10 Rail tongs 15 Hoisting rope: DQS/WSS, X 53 (PZ 371),
X 43 (P 825)

M ODULE 3
[Link] 17
 WIRE ROPES
MODULE 3 4 DETERMINATION OF THE ROPE

4.5 Basic constructions of overhead cranes

Bottom flange carriage of crane bridge and trolley

1 Hoisting rope: DQS/WSS, WSH, X 53 (PZ 371), X 43 (P 825), H 43 (SKZ 8P)

3
MODULE 18
 WIRE ROPES
MODULE 3 4
DETERMINATION OF THE ROPE

4.6 Overall view of circleable double cable crane for concrete transport

3
1 Engine house
4 2 Fixed support
3 Towing rope: DQS/WSS, WSH,
1 8
5 6 X 53 (PZ 371), X 43 (P 825)
4 Suspension rope: spiral rope,
full-locked cable, X 53 (PZ 371)
7 5 Hoisting and trolley rope
6 Trolley
7 Concrete bucket
8 Mobile support
9 Horizontal undercarriage
10 Vertical undercarriage
11 10 11 Dam, under construction

M ODULE 3
[Link] 19
 WIRE ROPES
MODULE 34 DETERMINATION OF THE ROPE

4.7 Truck-mounted cranes

1 Lattice-boom crane
2 Telescopic boom crane
3 Buffer, top:
X 53 (PZ371), DQS/WSS,
3 X 43 (P 825)
4 4 Hoisting rope: C 45
4 (D 915 CZ), B 55
(D 1315 CZ)

1 2

1 2

3
MODULE 20
 WIRE ROPES
MODULE 3 4 DETERMINATION OF THE ROPE
1
2
4.8 Storage and retrieval vehicle, remotely controlled, 3
or automatically driven 4
5
6
1 Ceiling rail
7
2 Guide rollers, top

max. 15 200

max. 16 000
3 Buffer, top
8
4 Deflection rope pulley
5 Hoisting rope: WSH, DQS/WSS,
X 43 (P 825), X 53 (PZ 371)
9
6 Lift truck
7 Pillar 10
8 Hoist
11
9 Ladder
10 Control cabinet
11 Buffer, bottom
ca. 3000 min.750
12 Guide rollers, bottom
17 16 15 14 13 12 min. 950
13 Floor rail
14 Impeller
15 Drive
16 Cross beam
17 Telescopic

M ODULE 3
[Link] 21
NOTES

22
 HEBEMITTEL
TRAINING MATERIAL

LIFTING GEAR
4 MODULE

1 THE BRUGG LIFTING APP

2 THE BRUGG LIFTING PRO APP

M ODULE 4
[Link] 1
 LIFTING GEAR
MODULE 4 1 THE BRUGG LIFTING APP

1.1 The main functions

•  lings
S
Determine the required working
length of the sling or, in case of
a predefined working length, the
resulting angle of the sling. • Load & WLL/size
Calculate whether the selected lif-
ting equipment may safely lift the
load on hand.

4
MODULE 2
 LIFTING GEAR
1
MODULE 4
THE BRUGG LIFTING APP

During data entry, the user can

retrieve explanatory information via
1.2 Calculation of the sling length and the info buttons.
width and of the stop angle

Sling length Stop angle and Stop angle and

and width sling width sling length

M ODULE 4
[Link] 3
 LIFTING GEAR
MODULE 4 1THE BRUGG LIFTING APP

1.3 Calculation of load, WLL and size for rope slings,

chain slings & lifting straps
USING THE EXAMPLE
OF CHAIN SLINGS

Load calculation WLL and size calculation

β /ø
W LL

4
MODULE 4
 LIFTING GEAR
MODULE 4 1
THE BRUGG LIFTING APP

1.4 Calibration 1.5 Assistance

Calibration of the General application notes & tips for

goniometer EN 818, EN 1492 & EN 13414
M ODULE 4
[Link] 5
 LIFTING GEAR
MODULE 4 2 THE BRUGG LIFTING APP PRO

2.1 The PRO VERSION

in addition to the features of the

Basis Version, you may:

• add images to the application situation

• add the location via GPS

• store and share your calculations in the

[Link] or as a PDF document
• and view the saved calculations
4
[cannot be modified subsequently] at any time MODULE 6
NOTES

[Link] 7
BRUGG Lifting AG
Wydenstrasse 36
5242 Birr, Switzerland
T +41 56 464 42 42
[Link]@[Link]

BRUGG Lifting AG
Chemin de la Forêt 12
1024 Ecublens, Switzerland
T +41 (0)21 634 20 21
[Link]@[Link]

[Link]